Text Types Flashcards
Blog entry
● Direct, chatty tone
● Semi Formal to formal.
● Reflective, SUBJECTIVE
● May use emoticons, but not slang.
● Connect with the audience.
⮚ Blog´s name (Tian’s blog)
⮚ Name of the entry (Title).
⮚ Name of the writer.
⮚ Date (includes time posted).
Conclusion (call to action)
⮚ Comment section (you can even write comments)
Tips, personal experiences, topical (about something you read/heard), voice (your specific phrases), opinion, examples
● Formal/Informal.
● Slang.
⮚ To.
⮚ From.
⮚ Subject and date.
⮚ Greeting and purpose (intention of writing).
⮚ Details.
Conclusion - what you expect to happen
⮚ Closing salutation.
Letter
● Formal/Informal.
● If it’s for a friend, I will adopt a lively tone.
● States the purpose.
● Will maintain a clear sense of address to a specific person.
⮚ From: Name, address, city, state, zip code.
⮚ Today’s date.
⮚ To: Name, address, city, state, zip code.
⮚ Dear, to whom it may concern…
⮚ Details
Call to action, expectation
Looking forward to…
⮚ Closing salutation.
⮚ Name, signature.
Article
● Semi Formal to formal.
Personal experience, perspective (more than essay)
● Eye catching.
● Informs or reports.
Broader context, analysis
● Columns.
⮚ Title.
⮚ By:
⮚ Subtitles and eye-catchers (rhethorical questions)
⮚ Article
First person singular
⮚ MAY include images.
⮚ Strong ending (quote, rhethorical question, something to think about…)
Brochure
● Semi Formal to formal.
● Creative use of language.
● Presentation: Eye catching titles.
● Some language rules may be broken.
● Factual information.
● Persuasive.
● Adjectives and adverbs.
● Rhetorical devices.
⮚ Title.
SLOGAN
⮚ Short introduction.
⮚ Facts and information.
⮚ Subtitles.
⮚ Images.
⮚ Bullet points.
⮚ Descriptions.
⮚ Lots of details.
⮚ Quotes and opinions.
⮚ Contact area (practical details)
Cover panel (title, slogan, logo, photo)
Back panel (call to action, testimonials, contact details)
Mission statement panel
Inner pannels
Embedded interview
● Semiformal to formal.
● Expresses interest in the person interviewed
● Columns.
* ⮚ Title
* ⮚ By-line
* ⮚ Introduction of the interview (I’ve talked to’)
○ who did you talk to (background), why, what the interview is going to be about
* SUBHEADINGS - in the text
* ⮚ Description of events
* Quotes and indirect speech
* ⮚ Impressions of the interviewer
* Conclusion
Provocatice questions, leaving the reader something to think about (RHETHORICAL QUESTIONS)
Transcribed interview
● Semiformal to formal.
● Dialogue.
● Quotes.
⮚ Title.
⮚ Introduction presenting the interview. (May invent).
⮚ Dialogue.
⮚ Conclusion with general impressions (I am really happy he answered the questions)
No personal opinion
General remarks (‘nodded excitedly…’)
Letter to the editor
● Chooses to take a particular stance or judgement to a specific issue.
● Gives arguments.
● Semi Formal to formal.
⮚ From: Name, address, city, state, zip code.
⮚ Today’s date.
⮚ To: Name, address, city, state, zip code.
⮚ Appropriate greeting (Dear…)
* where did you see it, when it was published, who wrote it, what was the title
* INTENTION
* THESIS
* rhethorical questions
* rebuttling original args
⮚ Discussion/restatement of issue giving arguments.
* future recommendation, expectations
⮚ Closing salutation.
⮚ Name, signature.
News report
● Semiformal to formal.
● Direct and with no opinions.
● Quotes from witnesses.
● May include images.
● Use past perfect or passive in past tense.
Objective
Can do subheadings before paragraphs
DISTANCE YOURSELF (officials say…)
● Columns.
⮚ Paper title.
⮚ News title.
Subheading
⮚ By:
⮚ Place and date.
⮚ Why important
⮚ Description of events.
⮚ First paragraph answers: What, where, when, who.
⮚ Short paragraphs.
⮚ Conclusion (why newsworthy, what will happen next)
Review
● Semiformal.
● Opinions and critic.
● Do not retell the plot (only INTERPRETATION)
● Adverbs and adjectives.
● Columns.
⮚ Title.
⮚ By:
⮚ Name of the place/thing/movie.
⮚ Short introduction (attracts & engage, THESIS)
⮚ Why it was chosen.
⮚ Critics and opinions.
⮚ General review.
⮚ Clear conclusion (RATING)
⮚ MAY include images.
Speech
● Semiformal to formal.
● Directly address the audience.
● Keep contact with audience.
● Rhetorical devices.
● Persuasive arguments.
● Passion.
⮚ Title.
⮚ Greetings/Strong beginning (address issue - why we are here, signposting)
⮚ Arguments.
Conclusion (summarized args, call to action, call to ask questions)
Essay
● Semiformal to formal.
● Sophisticated language.
● Appropriate serious tone (NO FIRST PERSON SINGULAR)
● Analyses/explores/discusses the topic given.
● Pays close attention to the ‘action verbs’.
⮚ Relevant title.
Aim, THESIS, general facts
⮚ Methodical structure using cohesive devices.
⮚ Clear introduction and conclusion (restate thesis in other words, opinion).
Argumentative (++- rebuttal)
Persuasive (+++)
Discursive (++–, compare and contrast)
Official report
● Formal.
Impersonally authoritative (passive, reported speech)
● Chronological.
● Facts, not opinions.
● Concise.
● People, time and place.
Title, main headings, subheadings, bullet points (SIGNPOSTING)
⮚ Personal information: name, address, phone…
⮚ Date and place.
⮚ Description of how, what, when, where, with whom…
Conclusion - what will happen next
⮚ Signature.
⮚ “This statement is true to the best of my knowledge and belief.”
