testtttt

Question 1

what type of joint is at the shoulder and hip and what movements occur?

Answer 1

ball and socket

abduction, adduction, rotation and circumduction

Question 2

what type of joint is at the wrist and what are the movements?

Answer 2

condyloid

flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Question 3

what joint is at the thumb and what are the movements?

Answer 3

saddle

flexion extension abduction and adduction

Question 4

what type of joint is at the neck and what are the movements?

Answer 4

pivot

rotation

Question 5

what joint is at the elbow, finger, toe, knee and ankle and what are the movements?

Answer 5

hinge

flexion and extension

Question 6

what joint is at the hand and foot and what are the movements?

Answer 6

plane/gliding

sliding and gliding

Question 7

learn structure of synovial joint :)

Answer 7

well done your studying!

Question 8

what is an antagonistic pair?

Answer 8

two muscles that work together

Question 9

what is the agonist?

Answer 9

known as prime mover

the muscle contracting and pulling a bone

Question 10

what is the antagonist?

Answer 10

the muscle relaxing and allowing for movement

Question 11

when does a concentric contraction occur?

Answer 11

when a working muscle gets shorter and fatter

Eg lifting a weight in a bicep curl

Question 12

when does a eccentric contraction occur?

Answer 12

when a working muscle gets longer and thinner

Eg lowering the weight in a bicep curl

Question 13

what is an isotonic contraction ?

Answer 13

when a muscle is working against resistance and it shortens or lengthens - movements is involved
eg during a bicep curl

Question 14

what is an isometric contraction ?

Answer 14

when a muscle is working against a resistance and stays the same length- no movements is involved
eg a gymnast holding a stationary handstand

Question 15

long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system?

Answer 15

• heart become larger with thicker muscular walls - more force can be applied with each beat
heart chambers become larger so stroke vol increases as well as cardiac output
arteries become larger and elastic
•more blood capillaries develop in muscles so the more venules get rid of more waste products
•more red blood cells so more O2 can be carried by the blood

Question 16

how does exercise on the cardiovascular system affect performance?

Answer 16

with the same number of heart beats :
•higher work rate
• keep going for longer
• recover more quickly 
reduce the risk of suffering from cardiac diseases

Question 17

what is the role of the small intestine?

Answer 17

muscular walls mix and breaks down food. the small intestine is also concerned with absorption and transfer of molecules to the blood. the pancreas secretes pancreatic juice to small intestine this contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Question 18

what is the role of the large intestine?

Answer 18

absorbs water and sodium. small amounts of nutrients can be extracted, the waste is then extracted from the body. the waste is comprised of indigestible material like fibre

Question 19

what is the FITT principle?

Answer 19

Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type

Question 20

aerobic fitness testing?

Answer 20

• resting pulse rate
• recovery rate
• distance and time

( if unsure of 60)

Question 21

what are the components of food?

Answer 21

carbohydrates- main source of energy

Fats - secondary source of energy, protects vital organs

proteins- needed for growth and repair

vitamins- needs for functioning of muscles and nerves

minerals- strength/ energy

dietary fibre- provides bulk to faeces / prevents constipation

water- transports nutrients removing waste and regulating body temp

Question 22

factors that affect energy needs ?

Answer 22

• metabolism
• age
• gender
• body size
• body composition
• physical activity levels
• climate

Question 23

what are methods of support to help someone stop smoking?

Answer 23

nicotine replacement therapies
non- nicotine medications
stop smoking services

Question 24

definition of motivation?

Answer 24

the desire people have to do something. it can be extrinsic ( external factors ) or intrinsic ( comes from within )

Question 25

what are examples of extrinsic motivation?

Answer 25

physical activities and sports

Question 26

What is the function of the synovial fluid?

Answer 26

Lubricates the joint, nourishes the cartilage and acts as a shock absorber between bones

Question 27

What is the function of cartilage?

Answer 27

Covers the end of each bone surface at joint. Smoothness provides slippery surface allowing friction free movement at joint. Cartilage is elastic and acts as a shock absorber between bones

Question 28

What is the function of the tendons?

Answer 28

Tough bands of connective tissue that attach skeletal muscles to bones. Tendons are put under extreme stress when muscles pull on them

Question 29

Give 3 reasons why women may not participate in physical activity?

Answer 29

• Little media coverage on female sports
• Stereotypes that some sports are traditionally masculine ‘for men’
• Not enough clubs for female participation