Tests for functional groups Flashcards
- Test and result for a primary alcohol
- Product
Reflux with acidified Potassium dichromate (IV)
Orange –> Green colour change
Aldehyde/ carboxylic acid produced
- Test and result for a secondary alcohol
- Product
Reflux with acidified Potassium dichromate (IV)
Orange –> Green colour change
Ketone produced
- Test and result for a tertiary alcohol
- Product
Reflux with acidified Potassium dichromate (IV)
No colour change (stays orange)
No reaction
- Tests (2) and results for an aldehyde
- Products
1) Add Tollens reagent –> ‘silver mirror’ or a grey ppt.
2) Add acidified Potassium dichromate (IV)
Orange –> Green colour change
carboxylic acid produced
-Test and result for a ketone
Add acidified Potassium dichromate (IV)
No colour change (stays orange)
No reaction
-Test and result for a carboxylic acid
Add NaOH
Fizzing (due to the production of Carbon dioxide)
Add a carbonate
Fizzing (due to the production of Carbon dioxide)
-Test and result for an ester
Hydrolyse
Test for alcohol and carboxylic acid
-Test and result for an amide
Add NaOH, test for ammonia gas with pH paper
(if no gas) heat, test again
Releases ammonia, changes pH paper blue
-Test for an acyl chloride
Add silver nitrate
White ppt.
-Test for a phenol and results
Add neutral iron (III) chloride
purple indication
-Test for an alkene and results
Add Bromine water
brown –> colourless colour change
(bromoalkane produced)
-Test for a haloalkane and results
Add silver nitrate
coloured ppt. based on halide ion present
