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Clinical Practice Semester 1 2018 > Tests > Flashcards

Tests Flashcards

Know which tests test what

1
Q

Knee flexion supine angle

A

140-150 degrees

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2
Q

Knee flexion prone angle

A

135 degrees (rectus femoris limiting)

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3
Q

Knee extension angle

A

prone; minus 2 degrees, plus or minus 3 degrees

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4
Q

Medial/lateral knee rotation

A

legs off bed; stabilise femur and externally/internally rotate tibia

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5
Q

Testing knee extension

A

legs off bed; resist them extending; ask to “kick leg out”

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6
Q

Testing knee flexion

A

prone; stabilise femur; ask pt to flex whilst providing extension force on achilles

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7
Q

Testing knee flexion without gravity

A

Pt on side; hold upper leg abducted; stabilise femur; ask pt to flex lower leg

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8
Q

Patellar mobility test

A

Testing: passive glide of patella ROM
Detects: tightness of vastus lateralis and medialis
Performed: supine; knees 20-30 degrees flexed; quads relaxed (pillow under knees if necessary); move patella up down left right

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9
Q

Clark’s sign

A

push down and inferior on patella; ask pt to contract quads

positive: pain with movement of patella or inability to complete test

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10
Q

Patellar tracking test

A

legs off bed; actively extend knee from 90 degrees
normal = straight movement with slight lateral shift near full extension
abnormal = sudden lateral movement at full extendion; inverted J shape path

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11
Q

Apprehension test

A

determine previous history of lateral dislocation/subluxation
gently push patella laterally
positive: pt feels like patella will laterally dislocate

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12
Q

Anterior drawer test (knee)

A

testing: ACL integrity
injury: blow to hyperextended knee or twisting, non-contact injury
pt supine; hip and knee flexed; feet flat (sit on pt foot); anterior force to tibia
positive = soft end feel/excessive anterior movement of tibia

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13
Q

Slocum test

A

knee anterior drawer test

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14
Q

Lachman test

A

anterior drawer test with knee in 15 degrees flexion and external hip rotation (foot planted)

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15
Q

posterior drawer test

A

anterior drawer test but push instead of pull

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16
Q

Valgus (abduction) stress test

A

pt supine; knee slightly flexed
push knee in, pull ankle out
medial opening of joint = medial instability of ligament
pain = acute injury

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17
Q

varus (adduction) stress test

A

pt supine; knee slightly flexed
pull knee out, push ankle out
lateral opening of joint = lateral instability of ligament
uncommon injury (mostly sport related)

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18
Q

McMurry’s test

A

knee meniscal tears

1) leg externally rotated, varus (outward) stress to test MEDIAL MENISCUS
2) leg internally rotated, valgus (inward) stress to test LATERAL MENISCUS

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19
Q

Knee extension lag

A

also called quadriceps lag
often of functional relevance in knee rehab
inability to actively move joint to its passive limit
pt supine; knees hanging off bed; flex one knee up and leg other leg hang; passively extend extended knee, then ask pt to do it actively
if can’t complete, is positive

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20
Q

femoral pulse location

A

midway between pubic tubercles and anterior superior iliac spine

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21
Q

Anterior internal rotators

A

Iliopsoas

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22
Q

Posterior internal rotators

A

g. medius
g. minimus
adductors

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23
Q

Anterior external rotators

A

sartorius

deep anterior fibres

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24
Q

posterior external rotators

A

g. maximus
piriformis
deep posterior fibres

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25
Q

<45 degrees motion internal rotation with hip extended

A

Tight anterior external rotators - sartorius and deep anterior fibres

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26
Q

<45 degrees motion internal rotation with hip flexed

A

Tight posterior external rotators - g. maximus, piriformis and deep posterior fibres

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27
Q

<45 degrees motion external rotatation with hip extended

A

Tight anterior internal rotators - iliopsoas

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28
Q

<45 degrees motion external rotation with hip flexed

A

Tight posterior internal rotators - g. medius, g. minimus, adductors

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29
Q

Thomas test

A

Testing: hip flexion contracture and psoas syndrome

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30
Q

Hip flexion contracture associated with what kind of people?

A

runners, dancers and gymnasts

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31
Q

Thomas test - knee higher than hip

A

tight psoas

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32
Q

Thomas test - hip abducts

A

tight tensor fasciae latae

33
Q

Thomas test - knee extension

A

tight rectus femoris

34
Q

Thomas test - lateral rotation of tibia

A

tight biceps femoris

35
Q

FABER test also called

A

Patrick test

36
Q

FABER test

A

test: pathology of hip joint or sacroiliac joint

pt supine

37
Q

FABER test - posterior pain

A

sacroiliac joint dysfunction

38
Q

FABER test - ipsilateral anterior hip pain

A

early sign of osteoarthritis in hip joint

39
Q

Piriformis syndrome

A

irritation of sciatic nerve by compression of nerve within buttock by piriformis muscle

40
Q

Piriformis syndrome pain increased by

A

contraction of piriformis muscle; prolonged sitting; direct pressure to muscle

41
Q

Piriformis syndrome causes

A

difficulty walking

one cause of sciatica

42
Q

Percentage of people with sciatic nerve through piriformis

A

15%

43
Q

Piriformis test also called

A

FAIR test

44
Q

FAIR test also called

A

piriformis test

45
Q

FAIR test

A

Hip passively flexed to 60 degrees
Knee passively flexed to angle of 60-90 degrees
stabilising hip, internally rotate and adduct hip
apply downward pressure to knee
positive: reproduce pain

46
Q

Signs of piriformis tightness

A

relaxed supine; ipsilateral external rotation is positive sign
prone, knees flexed; one leg unable to fall as far towards ground is positive sign

47
Q

Obers test

A 
test for tight ITB
Pt on side
abduct and flex leg 90 degrees
attempt to adduct upper leg
positive: leg remains abducted (won't drop) --> ITB contracture
48
Q

Nobles compression test

A

pt supine knee flexed 90 degrees
apply pressure over lateral femoral epicondyle while passively extending knee
positive: pain at 30 degrees flexion
indicates: ITB irritation or inflammation

49
Q

Ely test

A

tight rectus femoris
flex knee and try to touch butt
positive: heel does not touch butt
if rectus tight, will cause hip to passively flex (buttock rises)

50
Q

LLD

A

ASIS to medial malleolus
umbilicus to medial malleolus
frontal plane: tibia longer
sagittal plane: femur longer

51
Q

Percussion test

A

pt supine
strike heel
positive: reproduce pt worst pain

52
Q

Homan’s test

A

detect DVT
forceful abrupt ankle dorsiflexion with knee extended
positive: pain in calf

53
Q

Peroneal subluxation test

A

detect subluxation/dislocation of peroneus brevis and longus behind lateral malleolus
pt actively dorsiflex and evert; feel for subluxation

54
Q

Squeeze test also called

A

Thompson test

55
Q

Simmond’s test also called

A

Thompson test

56
Q

Thompson test

A

detect complete rupture of achilles tendon
pt prone; squeeze calf where girth widest
positive: foot doesn’t plantarflex (complete rupture)

57
Q

Anterior drawer test (ankle)

A

detect ATFL integrity
pt supine with knee flexed and foot resting off couch
stabilise lower leg and pull heel/talus anteriorly
positive: increased posterior movement of lateral malleolus –> laxity or rupture

58
Q

dimple sign/suction sign produced with which test

A

anterior drawer test (ankle)

59
Q

Talar tilt test

A

test integrity ATFL, CFL, inferior syndesmosis
long sitting; rt hand, left calcaneus
other hand dorsum of foot
foot dorsiflexed and inverted
positive:
CFL/ATFL - increased excursion of talus (combined rupture)
Syndesmosis - reproduction of high ankle sprain; increased talus excursion, apprehension, painful clunk

60
Q

External rotation stress test

A

assess integrity of inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis
forearm on medial arch, foot plantargrade, stabilise femur, externally rotate
positive: high ankle sprain

61
Q

Calcaneofibular ligament stress test

A 
test CFL ligament
long sitting; rt foot, left hand
other hand on dorsum of foot
foot plantagrade
invert calcaneum
positive: pain over lateral ankle/limited range of motion
62
Q

medial collateral ligament stress test

A 
stress deltoid ligament
long sitting
right hand, left ankle
other hand on medial dorsum of foot
valgus calcaneum then gradual eversion and dorsiflexion
63
Q

Calcaneocuboid ligament stress test

A 
Stress calcaneocuboid ligament
long sitting
right hand/right ankle
calcaneus fixed neutral
other hand combines adduction and inversion to forefoot
64
Q

ATFL stress test

A 
long sitting
cup ankle (right hand, right ankle)
other hand dorsum
move calcaneum plantarflexed and inverted
65
Q

varus/valgus stress test MTP

A

long sitting
stabilise proximal bone
left to right movement
positive: increased pain/laxity (collateral ligament sprain)

66
Q

Intermetatarsal glide test

A 
long sitting
grasp 2 met heads
opposite directions
pain or increased glide
deep transverse metatarsal ligament/interosseous ligament trauma
67
Q

tinel’s sign

A 
supine
hip externally rotated and foot everted
tap tarsal tunnel
radiating pain in foot and toes
tarsal tunnel syndrome
68
Q

metatarsal squeeze test

A

detect morton’s neuroma or intermetatarsal plantar digital nerve
long sitting
squeeze mets together and palpate with other hand
pain or mulder’s click

69
Q

Squat

A

torso vertical
femur horizontal
knees aligned over feet (2nd ray); not valgus
toes forward

70
Q

Single leg squat

A

be straight up

71
Q

hop test also called

A

single leg squat

72
Q

lunge - hip flexion can’t descend far enough for trailing knee to be near floor

A

Front leg: tight adductor magnus

Back leg: weak adductor magnus, weak gluteus maximus

73
Q

lunge - ankle dorsiflexion front heel raises

A

soleus inflexibility front leg

74
Q

lunge- hip extension - hip of trailing leg not completely extended at lowest point

A

rectus femoris inflexibility

dynamic instability of hip/knee/ankle?

75
Q

lunge - hip abductors sudden drop of hip of step leg while stepping (on one leg before planting heel)

A

weak hip abductors:

g. med
g. min

76
Q

Romberg’s test

A

pt stands with eyes closed and tries to balance

77
Q

trendelenburg

A

stand on one leg - if nwb drops is positive for weak hip abductors on stance side (glutes)

78
Q

ankle ROM functional test

A

lunge test

Clinical Practice Semester 1 2018 (2 decks)

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