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Chemistry Equations/Tests > TESTS > Flashcards

TESTS Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you test for Halides?

A

Add Silver Nitrate

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2
Q

What are Halides?

A

Metal + Halogen(Group7 element) –> Metal Halide

E.g. (metal) Chloride/Bromide/Iodide (Cl-/Br-/I-)

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3
Q

What precipitate is formed when Silver Nitrate is added to Chloride?

A

Ag+ + Cl- –> AgCl(s) WHITE PRECIPITATE

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4
Q

What precipitate is formed when Silver Nitrate is added to Bromide?

A

Ag+ + Br- –> AgBr(s) CREME PRECIPITATE

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5
Q

What precipitate is formed when Silver Nitrate is added to Iodide?

A

Ag+ + I- –> AgI(s) YELLOW PRECIPITATE

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6
Q

How do you test for Transition Metal Ions?

A

Add Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

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7
Q

What precipitate is formed when Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH) is added to Cu2+?

A

Cu2+ + 2OH- –> Cu(OH)2(s) BLUE PRECIPITATE

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8
Q

What precipitate is formed when Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH) is added to Fe2+?

A

Fe2+ + 2OH- –> Fe(OH)2(s) GREEN PRECIPITATE

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9
Q

What precipitate is formed when Sodium Hydroxide(NaOH) is added to Fe3+?

A

Fe3+ + 3OH- –> Fe(OH)3(s) ORANGE/BROWN PRECIPITATE

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10
Q

What is a transition metal?

A

Metals in the middle of the Periodic Table

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11
Q

How do you test for Sulphate ions?

A

Add Barium Chloride(BaCl2)

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12
Q

What precipitate is formed when Barium Chloride(BaCl2) is added to SO4 2-?

A

Ba2+ + SO4 2- –> BaSo4(s) WHITE PRECIPITATE

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13
Q

How do you test for Alkali Metals?

A

The Flame test

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14
Q

What colour flame is produced with Lithium(Li)?

A

RED

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15
Q

What colour flame is produced with Sodium(Na)?

A

ORANGE

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16
Q

What colour flame is produced with Potassium(K)?

A

PURPLE/LILAC

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17
Q

How do you test for Alkenes?

A

Add bromine water (Goes from Orange to colourless)

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18
Q

How do you test for Carbon Dioxide?

A

Bubble it through Limewater - If present it will turn the limewater cloudy

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19
Q

What is the equation for Complete combustion?

A

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water [+Energy]

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20
Q

What is the equation for incomplete combustion?

A

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen –> Water + Carbon Monoxide + Carbon + Carbon Dioxide [+Energy]

Products vary depending on quantity of the reactants

21
Q

What is the composition of the Atmosphere?

A

78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
0.035% Carbon Dioxide

22
Q

What is the word and symbol equation for a Catalytic converter?

A

Carbon Monoxide + Nitrogen Oxide –> Nitrogen + Carbon Dioxide

2CO + 2NO –> N2 + 2CO2

23
Q

What is the word equation of Iron rusting?

A

Iron + Oxygen + Water –> Hydrated iron(III) Oxide

24
Q

What is the word equation of neutralisation?

A

Acid + Base –> Salt + Water

25
Q

What is the equation for neutralisation in terms of ions?

A

H+ + OH- –> H2O

26
Q

What are the products when an ACID and a METAL OXIDE react?

A

acid + metal oxide –> SALT + WATER

27
Q

What are the products when an ACID reacts with a METAL HYDROXIDE?

A

acid + metal hydroxide –> SALT + WATER

28
Q

What are the products when an ACID and a CARBONATE react?

A

acid + carbonate –> SALT + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE

29
Q

What is the product when an ACID and AMMONIA react?

A

acid + ammonia –> AMMONIUM SALT

30
Q

How do you make AMMONIUM NITRATE?

A

Titrate NITRIC ACID and AMMONIA. Use METHYL ORANGE INDICATOR.

Perform titration without the indicator. EVAPORATE the solution and leave to CRYSTALLISE

31
Q

What is the symbol equation for the HABER PROCESS?

A

N2 + 3H2 –> 2NH3

32
Q

What are the conditions for the HABER PROCESS?

A

200 atmospheres
450°C
Iron catalyst

33
Q

How do you extract a substance from a plant (to make a drug)?

A

CRUSH the plant
BOIL to DISSOLVE in a suitable solvent
separate by CHROMATOGRAPHY
EXTRACT the chemical you want

34
Q

What is the mass number of an Atom?

A

Protons + Neutrons (Top number)

35
Q

What us the atomic number of an atom?

A

number of protons(=electrons) (bottom number)

36
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

METAL and a NON-METAL

give electrons to the other one

37
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

NON-METAL + NON-METAL

share pares of electrons

38
Q

What happens in a displacement reaction?

A

More reactive Halogens(group7) displace less reactive

ChlorINE + Potassium iodIDE –> IodINE + Potassium ChlorIDE

39
Q

How is water purified?

A

FILTRATION- wire mesh cuts out twigs
SEDIMENTATION- iron sulfate added to water to make fine particles clump and settle at bottom
CHLORINATION- chlorine gas bubbled through to kill harmful bacteria

40
Q

What are the conditions for the CONTACT PROCESS?

A

1 atmosphere
450°C
Vanadium pentoxide catalyst

41
Q

What are the 2 ionic equations in a HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL CELL

A

CATHODE
O2 + 4e- + 2H2O –> 4OH-

ANODE
2H2 + 4OH- –> 4H2O + 4e-

42
Q

What is the overall reaction in a HYDROGEN-OXYGEN FUEL CELL?

A

hydrogen + oxygen –> water

2H2 + O2 –> 2H2O

43
Q

What’s the equation for TEMPORARY HARDNESS being removed by BOILING?

A

Calcium hydrogencarbonate –> calcium carbonate + water + carbon dioxide

44
Q

What is the equation when hard water is removed by adding sodium carbonate?

A

Ca2+ + CO32- –> CaCO3

45
Q

What is the equation of hard water?

A

carbon dioxide + water + calcium carbonate –> calcium hydrogencarbonate

46
Q

What is the equation for the FERMENTATION of Ethanol?

A

glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide

C6H12O6 –> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

47
Q

What is the equation for the Hydration of Ethene to make Ethanol?

A

ethane + water(steam) –> ethanol

C2H4 + H2O –> C2H5OH

48
Q

What is the word equation for making soap?

A

fat + sodium hydroxide –> soap + glycerol

Chemistry Equations/Tests (1 decks)

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