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NMS I > Tests > Flashcards

Tests Flashcards

1
Q

Barr’e-Lie’ou Test

A

Procedure: patient seated, pt rotates head back and forth as fast as they can

Purpose: rule out vascular insufficiency, cervicogenic vertigo, vestibular apparatus

Positive: vertigo, dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, syncope, nystagmus

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2
Q

DeKleyn’s Test

A

Procedure: pt lies supine. Rotates and hyper-extends and couts back from 20.

Purpose: rule out vascular insufficiency

Positive: vertigo, dizziness, visual disturbances, nausea, syncope, nystagmus

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3
Q

dermatomes of note

A

T4, T7, T10, T12

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4
Q

muscle strength testing

A 
0/5 = complete paralysis
1/5 = twitch of movement (0-10%)
2/5 = moderate to severe paresis (11-25%)
3/5 = moderate paresis (26-50%)
4/5 = mild paresis (51-75%)
5/5 = normal (76-100%)
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5
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Seg: C5, C6
Periph: Suprascapular

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6
Q

Deltoid

A

Seg: C5, C6
Periph: Axillary

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7
Q

Biceps

A

Seg: C5, C6
Periph: Musculocutaneous

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8
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Seg: C5, C6
Periph: Radial

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9
Q

Wrist Extension

A

Seg: C6, C7, C8
Periph: Radial

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10
Q

Triceps

A

Seg: C6, C7, C8
Periph: Radial

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11
Q

Wrist Flexion

A

Seg: C6, C7, C8
Periph: Median, Ulnar

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12
Q

Finger Extension

A

Seg:C6, C7, C8
Periph: Radial

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13
Q

Finger Flexion

A

Seg: C7, C8, T1
Periph: Median, Ulnar

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14
Q

Finger Abduction

A

Seg: C8, T1
Periph: Ulnar

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15
Q

Finger Adduction

A

Seg: C8, T1
Periph: Ulnar

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16
Q

Deficit Phenomena

A

loss of normal neurological fxn. Reductions in muscle tone, muscle stretch reflexes, muscle strength and muscle volume. LMN lesions produce only deficit phenomena

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17
Q

Release Phenomena

A

Exaggerations or perversions of normal neurological fxn and are due to a loss of cortical inhibition. Hyper-reflexia, hypertonia and pathological reflexes would be release phenomena.

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18
Q

Tone or Tonis

A

a reflex phenomena. Afferent and efferent components influence it

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19
Q

Reflex grading system

A 
0/2 = absent with reinforcement
\+1/2 = hypoactive with reinforcement
\+2/2 = normal
\+3/2 = hyperactive
\+4/2 = hyperactive with transient/sustained clonus
20
Q

Jendrassik

A

reinforcement of the reflexes

21
Q

most commonly tested superficial reflexes

A
  1. gag reflex
  2. corneal blink reflex
  3. epigastric reflex
  4. upper abdominal reflex
  5. middle abdominal reflex
  6. lower abdominal reflex
  7. cremasteric reflex
  8. gluteal reflex
  9. plantar reflex
  10. anal reflex
22
Q

Gag reflex

A

CN IX & X

23
Q

Corneal Blink

A

CN V & VII

24
Q

Epigastric reflex

A

T5-T7

Intercostal nerve

25
Q

Upper Abdominal reflex

A

T7-T9

intercostal nerve

26
Q

Middle Abdominal reflex

A

T9-T11

intercostal Nerve

27
Q

Lower Abdominal reflex

A

T11-T12

Intercostal, Iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves

28
Q

Cremasteric reflex

A

L1-L2
ilioinguinal, genitofemoral nerves
stroke from above–>down direction

29
Q

Gluteal reflex

A

L4-S2

inferior gluteal nerve

30
Q

Plantar reflex

A

L4-S2
Tibial nerve
Normal: plantar flexion of toes & foot
Abnormal: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

31
Q

Anal reflex

A

S2-S5

Inferior Hemorrhoidal

32
Q

Hoffmann Sign

A

Lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract
flick pts middle finger
UMNL: flexion of fingers & adduction of thumb

33
Q

Tromner Sign

A

Lesion above C5 in corticospinal tract
tap volar surface of middle finger
UMNL: flexion of fingers & adduction of thumb

34
Q

Rossolimo Sign

A

corticospinal tract
tap ball of foot or tap tips of toes
UMNL: plantar flexion of toes

35
Q

Babinski Sign

A

Corticospinal Tract
stroke plantar foot from heel to metatarsals to big toe
Normal: plantar flexion of toes & foot
UMNL: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

36
Q

Chaddock sign

A

Corticospinal tract
stroke lateral malleolus from heel to toe
Normal: no motion of toes & foot
UMNL: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

37
Q

Oppenheim Sign

A

Corticospinal tract
stroke anterior tibial surface from S –> I
Normal: no motion
UMNL: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

38
Q

Gordon Sign

A

corticospinal tract
squeeze calf
normal: no motion
UMNL: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

39
Q

Schaefer Sign

A

corticospinal tract
squeeze achilles
Normal: no motion
UMNL: dorsiflexion of great toe & flaring of other toes

40
Q

visceral reflexes

A
  1. pupillary light reflex
  2. accommodation reflex
  3. ciliospinal reflex
  4. oculocardiac reflex
  5. carotid sinus reflex
  6. bulbocavernosus reflex
41
Q

pupillary light reflex

A

afferent: CN II
efferent: CN III

42
Q

accommodation reflex

A

CN III

43
Q

Ciliospinal reflex

A

Afferent: Cervicals & CN V
Efferent: cervical sympathetics
painful stimulus to skin of neck
normal: dilation of pupil on painful side of stimulation

44
Q

Oculocardiac reflex

A

Afferent: CN V
Efferent: CN X
thumb pressure on eyeballs
dec heart rate & blood pressure

45
Q

Carotid sinus reflex

A

Afferent: CN IX
Efferent: CN X
pressure on carotid sinus
Dec heart rate & blood pressure

46
Q

Bulbocavernosus reflex

A

S3-S4
stroke, prick, pinch the dorsum of glans penis
contraction of bulbocavernosus muscle & urethral constriction and contraction of external anal sphincter

NMS I (1 decks)

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