Testing For Ions And Gasses Flashcards
What are the tests for cations?
- Flame tests
- Precipitate test with sodium hydroxide
- Warm solution and add red litmus paper
What are the tests for Anions?
- Add nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate
- Add hydrochloric acid followed by aqueous barium chloride
- Add dilute hydrochloric acid and bubble the gas given off in lime water
If the flame test results red what cation would it be?
Lithium Li+
If the flame test results yellow what Cation would it be?
Sodium Na+
If the flame test results lilac what cation would it be?
Potassium K+
If the flame test results blue green what cation would it be?
Copper (ll) Cu2+
If the flame test results orange-red what cation would it be?
Calcium Ca2+
What color would the flame test for Copper (ll) be?
Blue-green
What color would the flame test for Lithium be?
Red
What color would the flame test for Potassium be?
Lilac
What color would the flame test for sodium be?
Yellow
What color would the flame test for calcium be?
Orange-red
Describe a flame test for cations.
Dip the nichrome wire into hydrochloric acid then put it in the sample and then above a non luminous flame.
Describe a test for Cation precipitate.
Make a solution of the unknown and sodium hydroxide to get a a precipitate.
What is the precipitate color of the cation Iron (ll)?
Green precipitate
What is the precipitate color of the cation Iron (lll)?
Orange-brown precipitate
What is the precipitate color of the cation copper (ll)?
Blue precipitate
What test do you do if you got no precipitate or flame for a cation test?
You warm the solution (with sodium hydroxide) and hold a damp red litmus paper above the test tube. (Ammonia gas)
What is the difference between ammonia and ammonium?
ammonia is the gas given of
ammonium is the cation
What cation would a green precipitate be?
Iron (ll) Fe2+
What cation would a orange-brown precipitate be?
Iron (lll) Fe3+
What cation would a blue precipitate be?
Copper (ll) Cu2+
What is the precipitate color for the anion Chlorine?
White precipitate
What is the precipitate color for the anion Bromine?
Cream precipitate
What is the precipitate color for the anion Iodine?
Yellow precipitate
If you added nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate and got a yellow precipitate what anion would it be?
Iodine
If you added nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate and got a cream precipitate what anion would it be?
Bromine
If you added nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate and got a white precipitate what anion would it be?
Chlorine
If you added nitric acid followed by aqueous silver nitrate and didn’t get any precipitate what are the other possible anions (GCSE)
Sulfate ( SO2- 4 ) or carbonate ( CO2- 3)
What is the test for a sulfate anion?
Add hydrochloric acid followed by aqueous barium chloride to get a white precipitate
What color is the precipitate for sulfate in the a positive anion test.
White precipitate
What is the test for carbonate in an anion test
Add hydrochloric acid and if it bubbles and gives off a gas that turns limewater cloudy it is carbonate
What is the test for Hydrogen?
Burns a lit splint with a squeaky pop
What is the test for ammonia?
Turns damp red litmus paper blue
What is the test for oxygen?
Relights a glowing splint
What is the test for chlorine?
Bleaches damp red/blue litmus paper
What is the test for Carbon dioxide?
Bubbles through lime water which turns it cloudy
What is the test for water? Physical and chemical
Physical = check boiling and freezing point 100*
Chemical = white anhydrous copper (II) sulphate turns blue
