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Male Genital System > Testicular Tumors > Flashcards

Testicular Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common type of testcular tumors?

A

Germ Cell Tumors

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2
Q

What age group do germ cell tumors usually in?

A

15-40 yo

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3
Q

Risk factors of germ cell tumors

A

Cryptochordism

Klinefelter syndrome

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4
Q

What are the two kinds of germ cell tumors?

A

Seminoma

Non-seminoma

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5
Q

How do seminoma and non-seminoma differ?

A

Seminoma: highly responsive to radiotherapy, metastasize late and have excellent prognosis

Non-seminoma: Variable response to therapy, often metastasize early and poorer prognosis

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6
Q

What is the gross presentation of seminoma?

A

Malignant tumor that forms a homogenous mass with no hemorrhage or necrosis

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7
Q

Histo of seminoma

A

Composed of large cells with clear cytoplasm and central nuclei (resemble spermatogonia)

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8
Q

What hormone is rarely produced in seminoma?

A

ß-hCG

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9
Q

Histo of embryonal carcinoma

A

Malignant tumor comprised of immature, primitive cells that may produce glands

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10
Q

Gross presentation of embryonal carcinoma

A

Hemorrhagic mass with necrosis

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11
Q

What hormone is increased in embryonal carcinoma?

A

AFP

ß-hCG

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12
Q

Histo of yolk sac tumor?

A

Schiller-Duval bodies (glomerulus-like structures)

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13
Q

What hormone is characteristically elevated in yolk sac tumor?

A

AFP

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14
Q

What is choriocarcinoma?

A

Malignant tumor of syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts

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15
Q

Histo of choriocarcinoma

A

Placenta-like tissue but ville are absent

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16
Q

What hormone is characteristically elevated into choriocarcinoma? What is the result of this elevated hormone?

A

ß-hCG

May lead to hyperthyroidism or gynecomastia (remember: alpha subunit of hCG is similar to FSH, LH and TSH)

17
Q

How does choriocarcinoma spread?

A

Spreads early by blood

18
Q

What is a teratoma?

A

tumor composed of mature fetal tissue derived from 2 or 3 embryonic layers

19
Q

Is teratoma malignant in males?

A

Malignant in males

Benign in females

20
Q

What hormones may be increased in teratoma?

A

AFP

ß-hCG

21
Q

What are the sex-cord cells?

A

Sertoli cells

Leydig cells

22
Q

What are sex-cord stromal tumors?

A

Tumors that resemble sex cord-stromal tissues of the testicle; usually benign

23
Q

What hormone is produced by Leydig cell tumor? What is the result?

A

Usually produces androgens

Causes precocious puberty in children or gynecomastia in adults

24
Q

Histo of Leydig cell tumor

A

Reinke crystals

25
Q

Histo and clinical characteristic of sertoli cell tumor

A

Comprised of tubules

Usually clinically silent

26
Q

What type of lymphoma usually causes testicular mass?

A

Diffuse large B-cell type

Male Genital System (5 decks)

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