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MIS > Test4 > Flashcards

Test4 Flashcards

1
Q

Protocol

A

A set of rules used by computers to communicate with each other across a network. A convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer between computing endpoints.

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2
Q

TCP/IP

A

Two of the most important protocols in The Internet Protocol Suite; the Transmission Control Protocol and the Internet Protocol, which were the first two networking protocols defined in this standard.

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3
Q

Packet

A

A formatted block of data carried by a computer network, consisting of two kinds of data: control information and user data.

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4
Q

Router

A

A device that forwards data packets across computer networks.
• It performs the data “traffic directing” functions on the Internet.
• It is connected to two or more data lines from different networks.
• When a data packet comes in on one of the lines, it reads the address information in the packet to determine its ultimate destination.
• Then it directs the packet to the next network on its journey.

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5
Q

Downloading

A

The sending of data from a remote system such as a server to a typically smaller local system, when requested by those authorized to access it.

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6
Q

Packet-switching

A

A digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably-sized blocks and uses routers to deliver data streams (sequences of packets) over a shared network via multiple paths.

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7
Q

Internet

A

A global system of interconnected computer networks that use TCP/IP to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies.

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8
Q

Uploading

A

The sending of data from a local system to a typically larger remote system such as a server, with the intent that the remote system may share that data with those authorized users requesting it.

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9
Q

Client-server

A

A distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers and requesters of a resource communicating over a computer network.

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10
Q

World Wide Web

A

A system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet

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11
Q

HTTP

A

A networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol

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12
Q

URL

A

An identification method that specifies where a requested resource is available and the mechanism for retrieving it.
Uniform resource locator. Web address

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13
Q

Hyperlink

A

A reference, of any type, to a file/document that the reader can request. It points to a file on some server, and by clicking on it, the user can request that file.

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14
Q

Browser

A

A software application for retrieving, presenting, and sending information resources on the World Wide Web.

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15
Q

A block of text that references a file/document that the reader can request. It points to a file on some server, and by clicking on it, the user can request that file.

A

Hypertext

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16
Q

EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)

A

The computer-to-computer exchange of strictly formatted messages that represent business documents (bills, purchase orders, receipt confirmation, etc.); the structured transmission of data between organizations by electronic means. It is used to transfer electronic documents or business data from one computer system to another computer system, i.e. from one trading partner to another trading partner without human intervention.

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17
Q

Technology that makes it easier for users to interact with and customize online applications, such as creating a folksonomy

A

Emergent Structure

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18
Q

Firms that brings buyers and sellers together in a marketplace

A

Exchanges

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19
Q

A revenue model in which the firm gives away its product/services for free, but then offers premium services for a fee. (Gmail, software, games)

A

Freemium

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20
Q

Firms that provide specialized information on behalf of product/service providers by linking to online retailers and receiving compensation for referrals as well as advertisement

A

Infomediaries

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21
Q

The worldwide publicly accessible system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching

A

Internet

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22
Q

When customer interests are highly varied, this strategy focuses on selling “specialty” (not very popular) products to a large number of customers rather than selling very popular products to a relatively small number of customers

A

Long-tail strategy

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23
Q

It is exemplified by travel meta-search infomediaries such as Skyscanner, which eliminated significant costs of searching for products/services to customers

A

Market efficiency

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24
Q

Stringing together available digital resources into a novel web application that delivers new functionalities

A

Mash-up

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25
Q

Introduced by France Telecom about 30 years ago as a tool to check telephone directions, ordering flowers, purchasing train/airline tickets

A

Minitel

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26
Q

The revenue model in which the firm offers a product/service and charges based on usage

A

Pay-for-service revenue model

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27
Q

Firms that have no stores and provide their services entirely thru the internet

A

Pure play

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28
Q

It is exemplified by Orbitz,, a website that acts a new form of intermediary between customers and airline companies

A

Reintermediation

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29
Q

How a firm plans to make money

A

Revenue Model

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30
Q

A technology that enables the creation of short summaries of content with a link to the full-fledged version

A

RSS

Real Simple Syndication

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31
Q

The revenue model in which the firm offers a product/service and charges based on access regardless of the amount of usage

A

Subscription Revenue Model

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32
Q

Short descriptors associated with an object to categorize the increasing amount of available content

A

Tags

indexing

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33
Q

A technology that enables coauthoring and editing of Web content

A

Wiki

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34
Q

The revenue model in which the firm offers product/service for free but sells access to its audience to interested advertisers

A

Advertisement support

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35
Q

A revenue model in which revenue is generated from a third party based on customer traffic to the firm’s website.
Pioneered by Amazon

A

Affiliate

36
Q

Firms that have physical locations such as stores

A

Brick and mortar

37
Q

Firms that have a hybrid operation: Both physical (store) and online (website)

A

Bricks and clicks or clicks and mortar

38
Q

The firm’s concept of what product/service it offers, based on what value proposition and how it will achieve a dominant position

A

Business Model

39
Q

Transactions in which two or more business entities take part

A

Business to Business

40
Q

Transactions that involve for-profit organization on one side as seller and an end consumer on the other as buyer

A

Business to Consumer

41
Q

An online journal published on the web by an individual

A

Blog

42
Q

Transactions that involve a for-profit organization on one side as buyer and an end consumer on the other as seller

A

Consumer to business

43
Q

Transactions that enable individual customers to interact and exchange directly.

A

Consumer to Consumer

44
Q

It’s exemplified by Conpaq which faced significant resistance from electronics store chains carrying its devices when it created its direct-sale website

A

Channel conflict

45
Q

It is exemplified by many travel agents that found it difficult to stay in business after airlines started selling directly to customers and eliminated travel agent commissions

A

Disintermediation

46
Q

It enabled computer-to computer exchange of structure data by two or more organizations that agreed on message standards

A

EDI

electronic data interchange

47
Q

Simultaneous evaluation of a firm’s current and future info system needs

A

Strategic Impact Grid

48
Q

An identification method that specifies where a requested resource is available and the mechanism for retrieving it

A

URL

49
Q

A system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the internet

A

WWW

50
Q

A distributed application structure that partitions tasks or workloads between the providers and requesters of a resource communicating over a computer network

A

Client-server model

51
Q

Most valuable networks are the largest ones, the act of joining a network by an individual creates value for other members of the network

A

Network effects

52
Q

Network value is based on …

A

plentitude

53
Q

A market that is subject to strong positive feedback. Winner take all tendencies

A

Tippy Market

54
Q

The moment in the evolution of the market where one organization or technology reaches critical mass and goes on to dominate it. Point where winners/losers are defined

A

Tipping Point

55
Q

Example of Tippy Market

A

Sony BluRay and Toshiba’s HD-DVD

56
Q

The value of one network to one type of member depends on the number of members from the other side that take part in the network. Two types of members. Example: Adobe and Adobe Reader

A

Two-Sided networks

57
Q

The number of possible recipients of the message

A

Reach

58
Q

Amount of information that can be transmitted, tailored to the individual needs, level of interactivity of the message

A

Richness

59
Q

IM, Voice over IP (VoIP), Blogs, RSS, chat rooms are examples of “what” services?

A

Internet

60
Q

Examples of Dominant Business Models

A 
Online retailing
Infomediaries
Content providers
Online communities
Exchanges
61
Q

Develops and publishes content - news, gossip, and historical/reference

A

Content Providers

62
Q

Examples of Web 2.0 technologies

A

Wiki, Sidewiki, Blogs, RSS, Tags, Microblogs

63
Q

Unidirectional, short bursts of communication to self-directed audience of followers

A

Microblogs

example: Twitter

64
Q

Decisions IT people should not make

A

How much to spend on IT and IT capabilities

65
Q

Taking inventory of IS resources a firm is currently using and critically evaluating them in terms of how well meeting business needs. Are they satisfying organization’s objectives?

A

IS Assessment

Look at hardware, software, databases, people, networks

66
Q

Strategic Impact Grid

A

Factory, Strategy

Support, Turnaround

67
Q

Reasons for developing IS guidelines

A

The IS vision provides an articulation of the ideal state of IS resource use, while guidelines offer a context for decision making

68
Q

Examples of IS technical guidelines

A

Standardization, remain flexible
Follow trends of dominant vendors rather than niche.
Buy software packages
Store data centrally
Don’t obtain monolithic package that duplicate data
Fall back solutions to reduce impact if mission critical systems fail

69
Q

Set of processes, policies and practices for administering and controlling an entity

A

Governance

70
Q

Two principle aspects of Governance

A

It Risk Governance and IT Value Governance

71
Q

Three methods for funding IS

A

Chargeback, Allocation, Overhead

72
Q

A financial estimate designed to explicitly recognize the life cycle of IT assets. Extends beyond acquisition - includes training of users, maintenance, upgrades, security

A

Total cost of ownership

73
Q

Engaging foreign provider to supply the products or services the firm no longer intends to produce internally.

A

Offshoring

74
Q

Three factors affecting project risk

A

Project size, experience with technology, organizational change

75
Q

Advantages of off-the-shelf applications

A

Faster rollout
Knowledge infusion
Economically attractive
High quality

76
Q

Highly structured methodology where the outputs of one stage become the outputs of the next. This model is predicated on the notion that detailed justification and planning is the vehicle to reduce risk/uncertainty in system design & development efforts

A

Systems Development Life Cycle

Also call the waterfall model - no going back, water can’t flow up

77
Q

Steps in defining, building, implementing SLDC

A

Plan
Definition: Investigation, feasibility analysis, system analysis
Build: system design, programming, testing
Implementation: Install, operations, maintenance

78
Q

Four installation migration approaches to SLDC

A

Parallel: old/new system run together
Direct: old stopped new started
Phased: New progressively takes over old
Pilot: Run new in one unit before rolling out everywhere - good for multiunit operations (hotels, chain retailers)

79
Q

Common application - what type of software to use?

A

Use Package software

80
Q

Not a Common application, not mission critical - what type of software?

A

End User Development

81
Q

Mission critical and NOT highly structured - what type of software?

A

Prototype

82
Q

Mission critical and highly structured and there is a competitive urgency - what type of software?

A

Agile

83
Q

No competitive urgency and there is internal IT capability - what type of software?

A

SDLC

84
Q

No internal IT capability - what type of software?

A

Outsource

85
Q

A networking protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.

A

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

86
Q

A digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data into suitably-sized blocks and uses routers to deliver data streams over a shared network via multiple paths.

A

Packet-switching

87
Q

A reference, of any type, to a file/document that the reader can request. It points to a file on some server, and by clicking on it, the user can request that file.

A

Hyperlink

MIS (2 decks)

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