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Health Promotion Week 1 > Test3 > Flashcards

Test3 Flashcards

1
Q

FCE: functional capacity evaluation

Primary purpose

A

To evaluate a person’s ability to participate in work, although other ADLs that support work performance may also be evaluated

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2
Q

Endurance: tuck jump assessment

A

10 seconds
10 errors yes/no
Maximum effort

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3
Q

Marfan’s syndrome- ocular

A 
Myopia (nearsided) 
Chromic myopia 
Ectopic lentis (upward)
Retinal detachment 
Hypoplasia of dilator muscle 
Flat cornea
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4
Q

Selective functional movement assessment (SFMA)

Movements

A
  1. Active cervical flexion
  2. Active cervical extension
  3. Cervical rotation
  4. UE pattern 1 (MRE)
  5. UE pattern 2 (LRF)
  6. Multi-segmental flexion
  7. Multi-segmental extension
  8. Multi-segmental rotation
  9. Single-leg stance
  10. Overhead deep squat
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5
Q

Hop and stop test

A

Hoping on/off affected/unaffected sides

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6
Q

Stop exercise- pregnancy

A 
Dizziness or fainting 
Bleeding 
Calf pain 
Chest pain 
Painful contractions ( > 6-8 per hour) 
Any fluid “gush” from vagina 
Decreased fetal movement
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7
Q

LESS: landing error scoring system

A

Jump off box

Horizontal distance = 50% body height
Focus on initial landing and amortization

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8
Q

Need to assess ___ for May return to sport

A
  1. Strength, ROM, balance
  2. Motor engrams
  3. Power
  4. Endurance
  5. Agility and reactivity
  6. Psychological readiness
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9
Q

Physical stigmata- Marfan’s

A
  1. Tall, thin build
  2. Long arms, legs, fingers
  3. Flexible joints (Brighton signs)
  4. Scoliosis
  5. Pectus excavatum or carinatum
  6. High palate, small jaw
  7. Crowded teeth
  8. Flat feet
  9. Stretch marks
  10. Ocular lens dislocation
  11. Nearsightedness, blurred vision
  12. Corneal flatness, strabismus, exo- or endotropia
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10
Q

Female athlete triad

A

PPS May be best opportunity to identify “at risk”

Disordered eating
Amenorrhea
Osteoporosis

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11
Q

Exercise precautions in pregnancy

A 
No ...
Contact sports 
Activities with increased risk of falling 
Hot/humid conditions 
Hot yoga/hot Pilates 
Exercise at high altitudes
Avoid exercises in supine
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12
Q

Conditions that may be life threatening or disabling

A

Cardiac anomalies
Significant cervical ROM deficits
Concussion history
Sickle cell disease

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13
Q

Relative contraindications for exercise during pregnancy

A 
Severe anemia 
Unevaluated maternal cardiac dysrhythmia 
Chronic bronchitis 
Poorly controlled DM type 1
Extremely overweight 
History of extremely sedentary lifestyle 
Intrauterine growth restrictions 
Poorly controlled HTN 
Orthopedic limitations 
Poorly controlled seizure disorder 
Poorly controlled hyperthyroidism 
Heavy smoker
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14
Q

Max aerobic tests- sports performance testing

A

Bruce treadmill
Balk treadmill
PACER test
1.5 mile run

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15
Q

Pregnant exercise recommendations

A 
Walking
Stationary bike 
Swimming 
Yoga 
Modified pilates 
Impact exercise if consistently doing prior pregnancy (jogging, racquet sports) consult with physician
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16
Q

8 conditions that may limit participation

A
  1. Hernia
  2. Diabetes
  3. Asthma
  4. HTN
  5. Single organ
  6. Sickle cell trait
  7. Seizures
  8. Eating disorders
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17
Q

Return to sport continuum

A

Return to participation->
Return to sport->
Return to performance

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18
Q

Y-balance test - LE and UE: research

A

LE:
A difference > 3-4 cm side to side places an individual at increased risk for injury

UE…less research…potential problem, CKC test for predominantly open chain activities

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19
Q

Older adults- aerobic activity

A

3-5x week
Moderate intensity (RPE 5-6/10 or 12-13/20)
20-30 min per day
Walking, jogging, elliptical, biking, swimming, etc
Enjoyable aerobic activities

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20
Q

Return to sport testing is designed to …

A

Stimulate- in a controlled manner- the stresses produced and imposed during athletic performance.

NOT to return them to their pre-injury state
Because most are non-contact injuries and need to correct so not setup for future injuries

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21
Q

Strength, ROM and balance

Return to sport tests

A

MMT
Goniometry (OKC and CKC)
Y balance test
Balance error scoring system

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22
Q

Purpose of PPEs (pre-participation exam)

A

Primary:
Detection of conditions that may limit participation or predispose to injury
Detect conditions that may be life threatening or disabling

Secondary:
Meet legal requirements 
Determine general health 
Entry point to healthcare system 
Opportunity to initiate dialogue
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23
Q

4 conditions that may predispose athlete to injuries

A
  1. History of orthopedic problems
  2. Level of preparedness
  3. Biomechanical issues of the foot and ankle
  4. Neurological deficits
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24
Q

Agility tests

Return to sport

A

Be sport specific
50% -> 75% -> 100%

Linear to multiplanar
Predictable to unpredictable
Consider playing surface

T-test, pro agility, LE functional test

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25
Q

Selective functional movement assessment (SFMA) - Breakouts

A

Each breakout is built in a specific pattern:
Bilateral vs unilateral
Loaded vs unloaded
Active vs passive

Determine the parts that are affecting the pattern

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26
Q

Exercise benefits during pregnancy

A 
Decrease health risks:
Gestational DM
Preeclampsia 
Reduced LBP
Low birth-weight baby

Shorter duration of active labor
Reduced recovery time following delivery

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27
Q

Functional movement screen - score/research

A

Heavily debated whether total score or individual score on each movement matters most

Big picture…be familiar with research on the specific population you are utilizing screen on

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28
Q

Absolute contraindications for exercise during pregnancy

A

Hemodynamically significant heart disease
Restrictive lung disease
Incompetent cervix/cerclage
Multiple gestation at risk for premature labor
Persistent second or third trimester bleeding
Placenta previa after 26 weeks
Premature labor
Ruptured membranes
Preeclampsia/pregnancy induced HTN

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29
Q

Return to sport testing is not 1 day. ____ must be laid out from beginning. Should be …

A

Goals and plan must be laid out from the beginning

Should be progressive and logical (minimize fear), sport specific, measure all dimensions of sport demands

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30
Q

Patient eligibility for work rehab

A
  1. Must be medically stable (participation on functionally based program would not be prohibited)
  2. Must have stated/demonstrated a willingness to participate
  3. Must be physical and functional deficits that interfere with work
  4. Must have a treatment goal that includes returning to an occupational situation
  5. Should not begin until functional evaluation performed to identify the specific physical limitations preventing current return to full-duty work
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31
Q

Cardiac anomalies- 5

A
  1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  2. Marfan’s syndrome
  3. Myocarditis (exercise with flu/cold?)
  4. Commotio cordis (direct blow)
  5. Congenital coronary artery anomalies
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32
Q

Post-partum exercise benefits

A

Reduces fatigue
Improves fitness, mood and mental acuity
Promotes return to pre-pregnancy weight
Decreases risk of developing chronic health conditions
Provides important mom time and social interactions
Reduces risk of DVT

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33
Q

Cardiovascular response in children

A

Lower SV, CO, BP

Higher HR and HRmax

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34
Q

Recommended exam structure- selective functional movement assessment (SFMA)

A 
History 
Postural and neuro exam 
Respiration 
SFMA 
Local biomechanical exam
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35
Q

An intensive, work related, goal-oriented conditioning program designed specifically to restore systemic neuromusculoskeletal functions, motor function, ROM, and cardiovascular/pulmonary functions.

A

Work conditioning

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36
Q

Coronary artery anomalies

A

Abnormal artery is compressed as the ascending aorta dilates with exercise
Blood flow to heart limited
Hypoperfusion of myocardium occurs and is primary cause of death
Early symptoms include fatigue, exercise-induced syncope, chest pain

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37
Q

Functional movement screen

A

10 movement screen:
7 scored on 4 point scale,
3 clearing movements for individuals with pain

Designed with fitness professionals in mind including personal trainers and strength coaches

Population: healthy and non-painful individuals

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38
Q

Muscular endurance

Return to sport testing

A

Retest when fatigued

Shuttle hop test

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39
Q

What is usual cause of sudden cardiac death in sports?

A

Electrical disturbances- arrhythmia

External trauma

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40
Q

Periodization cycles

A

Macrocycles: largest division which typically includes 1 training year

Mesocycle: comprises to first subgroup, typically multiple months

Microcycles: smallest subgroup typically lasting 1-3 weeks

Cycles to better organize individual goals and needs

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41
Q

4 common sudden cardiac arrest conditions

A
  1. HCM: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  2. Coronary artery anomalies
  3. Commotio cordis
  4. Myocarditis
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42
Q

Older adults- strength training

A

2-3x week

60-80% 1 RM
Initial program: 10-15 reps
Strength and power: 8-12 reps
Muscle endurance: 15-20 reps

Sets: 2-3 per exercise

Target: primary muscle groups with emphasis on regions with low bone density

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43
Q

Exercise guidelines for children

A

60 min or more daily

aerobic:
Most of daily activity, should be either moderate or vigorous
Vigorous at least 3 days week

strength: at least 3 days week
60-80% est 1RM, 8-15 reps, 1-3 sets

bone-strengthening: at least 3 days week
Weight-bearing…jump rope, push-ups, sports, running…

44
Q

Health risk factors (children) that track into adulthood

A

HTN
Obesity
Impaired glucose tolerance
Sedentary behavior

45
Q

Functional movement screen scoring

A

Total score: x/21

3 = movement performed correctly without compensation 
2 = movement completed but compensatory strategy or assistance provided 
1 = unable to complete the movement 
0 = pain anywhere in the body on a movement

Left vs right side:
The lower side is counted towards total score

46
Q

CPR

A
  1. Chest compression at rate 100-120/min
  2. Compress to depth of at least 2”
  3. Allow full chest recoil with compressions
  4. Minimize pauses in compressions
  5. Ventilate adequately (2 breaths/30 compressions) with each breath lasting 1 second
47
Q

Kinesiophobia scales/measures

A

ACL-RSI
ACL return to sport after injury

K-SES
Knee self-efficacy scale

Injury psychological readiness return to sport scale

TSK-11
Tampa scale of kinesiophobia

48
Q

Sudden cardiac death

A

Electrical disturbances in heart causes arrest or arrhythmia

With or without external trauma

Typically without warning

Can have prodromal signs

Death < 1 hour

49
Q

Older adult exercise program design

A

Promote compliance

Include modes of activity the patient prefers: traditional exercise; functional or lifestyle specific

Exercise does not need to be structured (METs) .. 30 min gardening, 45 min grocery shopping

50
Q

Children- thermoregulation

A

Higher threshold for sweating
Maintain proper hydration
Avoid exercise in climates greater than body temperature
Plan to exercise in areas with climate control

51
Q

Power sport performance testing

A

1RM
Broad jump
Vertical jump
Medicine ball throw

52
Q

Power : LE

Return to sport tests

A

Single hop for distance
6-m timed hop
Triple hop for distance
Crossover hop for distance

Test fresh and fatigued

53
Q

MSK considerations for exercise in children

A

NM adaptations
Pre-pubescent hormones
Epiphyseal plate
Circulation

54
Q

Marfan’s syndrome- skeletal

A 
Tall, 
thin, 
arm span exceeds height,
pectus excavatum, 
joint hypermobility, 
scoliosis
55
Q

The objective of the work conditioning program is to …

A

Restore physical capacity and function to enable the patient/client to return to work

56
Q

Medical contraindications for resistance training

A

Unstable angina, untreated severe CAD
Angina, HTN, or arrhythmias provoked by activity strenuous to the patient
Severe valvular heart disease
Significant exacerbation of MSK pain with resistance training
End-stage CHF
Failure to thrive, terminal illness

57
Q

Program design post-partum

A

Begin 4-6 after vaginal delivery; 8-10 weeks after C-section

150 min moderate intensity

Aerobic: recommended to begin with 20-30 min walking. Gradually progress intensity and running as tolerated

Strengthening: emphasis on abdominals and paraspinals (diastasis recti)
Major muscle groups
During lactation, decrease in bone density in lumbar spine- exercise will reduce amount of loss
Pelvic floor program -especially if there is incontinence

58
Q

Timing and frequency - PPE

A

> 6 weeks pre-season
Secondary education: at entry- every 2 years
Collegiate: initial, brief annual

59
Q

Components of PPE/PPS

A 
Check in station
Vitals 
Medical history 
MSK screening 
General medical evaluation 
Athlete fitness testing?
Special populations? 
Check out station
60
Q

Probability of returning to work …

A

Probability of returning to work decreases with every quarter… 55.4% at 2 quarters…
8 quarters 4.9% chance of returning

61
Q

Periodization phases

A

Developed as part of preparatory period but can be applied throughout program

Hypertrophy/endurance- very low intensity, very high volume with goal to develop a base level of fitness
Basic strength- increase muscular strength through sport specific exercises
Strength/Power- speed drills, plyometric and resistance training at high loads and volumes

62
Q

Selective functional movement assessment (SFMA)

A

Designed as a movement assessment for rehab professionals as part of an exam

Parts vs patterns
Results in either a stability, motor control, joint and/or soft tissue dysfunction

63
Q

Selective functional movement assessment (SFMA) - Scoring

A

Functional: non-painful
Functional: painful
Dysfunctional: painful
Dysfunctional: non-painful

Movements scored as dysfunctional: non-painful are broken down into components/impairments

64
Q

Motor engrams

Return to sport tests

A

Functional movement screen

LESS: landing error scoring system

65
Q

Commotio cordis

A 
Anatomically normal heart 
Males > Females 
Mean age 13.6 years 
80% blow from projectile 
20% hit from another player 
Timing, not force 
(Ventricular)
66
Q

Exercise induced asthma

A 
Severe wheezing 
Coughing that won’t stop
Rapid breathing 
Chest tightness or pressure 
Difficulty talking 
Feelings of anxiety or panic 
Pale, sweaty face

Administer short-acting bronchodilator
Keep clam
Diaphragmatic breathing

67
Q

PT exam, diag and treatment

Workers comp

A 
Pre-existing conditions 
Aggravating factors 
Functional loss
Psychosocial barriers
Co-morbidities

Seek to understand work demands

68
Q

Key players involved in occupational medicine (return to work/workers comp)

A 
Employee 
Employers 
Caregivers 
Insurance companies 
Regulators 
Attorneys
69
Q

MSK screen (PPE/PPS)

A

NATA 90-second MSK screen

70
Q

Seizures

A 
Temporary confusion 
A staring spell
Uncontrollable jerking of arms and legs 
Loss of consciousness or awareness 
Psychic symptoms

Let seizure run its course
Do not restrain patient
Protect modesty

71
Q

Children- flexibility training

A 
Regular sessions of flexibility and ROM exercises 
3 days/week - preferably daily 
Intensity (mild discomfort) 
Duration 10-30 sec 
Static and targeting large muscle groups
72
Q

Cardiac events- aspirin?

A

Aspirin should be used with suspected MI- standard 325 mg dose, chewed better than swallowed whole

If unclear event is MI, do NOT give aspirin

73
Q

Y-balance test scoring

A

Side to side score:
Left vs right- main concern is looking for asymmetry

Composite score:

Anterior + posteromedial + posterolateral
Divided by
3x Limb length

X 100

74
Q

Injury prevention- functional movement tests

A 
Y balance test 
Functional movement screen 
CKC DF test 
Tuck jump test 
Landing error scoring system 
Move2Perform
75
Q

Special populations -PPE/PPS

A 
Disabled athlete 
Female athlete 
Sickle cell trait 
Solitary organs 
Diabetic athlete 
Olympic athlete
76
Q

Hypoglycemia signs

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Weakness, fatigue
  3. Dizziness
  4. Fast heartbeat
  5. Headache
  6. Blurry vision
  7. Shakiness
  8. Irritability
  9. Hunger
77
Q

Hop testing: ankle

Tests

A

Figure 8 hop test
Side hop test
6-meter crossover hop test
Square hop test

78
Q

Concussion assessments

A

Balance assessment
Cognitive assessment
Graded symptoms checklist

Baseline/preseason testing
Impact testing

79
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Fainting, lightheadedness, low BP, dizziness or flushing
Difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, shortness of breath, or wheezing
Hives, swelling under the skin, blue skin from poor circulation, or rashes
Tachycardia, feeling of impending doom, itching, tongue swelling, difficulty swallowing, facial swelling

Epinephrine pen - and then get them to ED

80
Q

EAP: Emergency action plan

A

Formal written response plan
Required by OSHA
Emergency medical service activation procedure
Names and contact info for primary, 2ndary, and tertiary individuals to contact
Clinic address
Location of phones, exits, emergency supplies, 1st aid kit
Designated personnel qualified to care for injuries
Ambulance access
Plan for fire, tornado, terrorism, etc

81
Q

Benefits of exercise for children

A

Physiological:
Reduces CVD factors, maintain healthy weight, enhance motor coordination

Psychosocial:
Improves academic performance, self-esteem, confidence and social interaction

82
Q

Child exercise motivation

A 
Goal is to promote lifelong activity and fitness 
Make fun 
Parental involvement 
Perceived confidence 
Education
83
Q

Sport performance testing

A

Agility
Power
Max aerobic test
Submaximal aerobic test

84
Q

Myocarditis

A 
Inflammatory process of the myocardium 
Echovirus, adenovirus, influenza
Dyspnea, orthopnea 
Exercise intolerance 
Tachycardia 
Diarrhea, malaise, fatigue
85
Q

PPE vs PPS

A

Pre-participation exam vs screen

Evaluation:
Done by medical professional
Performed in an office 
Cost involved 
1-1 rapport 
Screen:
Mass participation 
Free or reduced price 
Low anxiety 
Potential for performance testing
86
Q

Exercise guidelines for older adults

A

When cannot do 150 moderate intensity aerobic activity a week because of chronic conditions, they should be as physically active as their abilities and conditions allow.

Older adults should determine their level of effort of physical activity relative to their level of fitness

Should do exercises that maintain or improve balance if they are at risk of falling

87
Q

Yearly periodization periods

A

Preparatory:
Typically off-season, progressing from low-intensity to higher load and volume

1st transition: lower intensity and volume period to allow recovery before competitive season

Competition: increasing sport specific tasks, increase training intensity decrease in volume

2nd transition (active rest): low intensity and volume recovery activities typically lasting 2-4 weeks

88
Q

Pregnant women- exercise guidelines

A

Weren’t active pre-pregnancy: at least 150 min moderate intensity aerobic activity during pregnancy and post-partum

Women who habitually engaged in vigorous aerobic activity or highly active prior to pregnancy - can continue provided they remain healthy and discuss with health-care provider on how/when to adjust

89
Q

Cardiovascular response to exercise during pregnancy

A 
Peripheral resistance decreases 
Resting HR increases 15 bpm
HRmax decreases 
HRR reduces 
Increased blood volume, CO and SV
90
Q

4 principle roles in clinic EAP

A

Immediate care (head of team)
Equipment retrieval
Activation and direction of EMS
Secondary care support

91
Q

A highly structured, goal-oriented, individualized intervention program designed to return patient/client to work.

A

Work hardening

92
Q

Marfan’s syndrome

A

Fibrillin gene defect
Alters connective tissue throughout body
Leads to ruptured aortic aneurysm
Skeletal, ocular, cardiovascular changes

Higher rate of sudden cardiac death

93
Q

HCM

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
1 in 500
Most common cause of sudden cardiac death (especially <40)

Typically inherited as autosomal dominant
Over 100 genetic defects can result in the condition
60% have affected first degree relative

94
Q

Childhood obesity

A

Has tripled since 1970s

Physical activity decreases as children age

95
Q

Pregnant exercise program design

A

3-4x times/week

Intensity should not exceed pre-pregnancy intensity
Moderate intensity recommended
RPE 12-14/20 or 6-7/10
Resistance training with submaximal intensity 12-15 reps

= or > 15 min and progress to max of 30 min
10-15 warm up and cool down with light intensity

96
Q

Agility sports performance testing

A

T test
Pro agility test
LEFT

97
Q

9 vital questions

A

Have you ever…

  1. Passed out or nearly passed out during exercise?
  2. Passed out or nearly passed out after exercise?
  3. Had discomfort, pain, or pressure in your chest during exercise?
  4. Does your heart ever race or skip a beat?
  5. Has a doctor ever told you that you have s heart murmur?
  6. Has s doctor ever ordered a test for your heart?
  7. Has anyone in your family died for no apparent reason?
  8. Does anyone in your family have a heart problem?
  9. Has. My family member or relative died of heart problems or sudden death before age 50?
98
Q

Physiologic changes during pregnancy

A

Carb and lipid metabolism changes over course

Glucose production increases 30% in 3rd trimester
Insulin secretion increases in 3rd trimester
Circulating glucose decreases 10-20%
Reduced liver storage of glucose
Muscle glucose uptake decreases 40%
Type IIb fibers elevated in obese women

End result is fatigue

99
Q

Return to work continuum

A

Return to participation->
Return to job ->
Return to performance

100
Q

Submaximal aerobic tests- sports performance testing

A

Harvard step test
12- minute run
Modified Bruce treadmill

101
Q

Work hardening programs are _____, and use ____

They address the issues of…

A

Multidisciplinary in nature
Use real/simulated work activities designed to restore physical, behavioral and vocational functions

Addresses issues of productivity, safety, physical tolerances, and worker behaviors

102
Q

Older adults exert ___ than younger populations

A

A higher percentage of maximal capacity and effort that younger populations (ex METs)

103
Q

Medical emergencies- sideline sports

A
  1. Cardiac: sudden cardiac arrest
  2. Spinal: primarily cervical
  3. Concussions
  4. Environmental: heat, lighting
  5. Abdomen: spleen
  6. Pulmonary: pneumothorax
  7. Genital: testicular trauma
  8. Thread injuries
  9. Ocular injuries
  10. MSK injuries
104
Q

Functional movement screen

Movements

A
  1. Deep squat
  2. Hurdle step
  3. Inline lunge
  4. Shoulder mobility
  5. Impingement clearing test
  6. Active straight-leg raise
  7. Trunk stability push-up
  8. Press-up clearing test
  9. Rotary stability
  10. Posterior rocking clearing test
105
Q

Pregnant and lactating water intake

A

3 L per day during pregnancy

3.8 L per day during lactation

106
Q

What is functional movement systems?

A

Functional movement screen
Y-balance test
Selective functional movement assessment

Health Promotion Week 1 (3 decks)

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