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comp sci > test1 > Flashcards

test1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the father of computers?

A

Charles Babbage (analytical engine)

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2
Q

What is the first programing language?

A

Plankalkul

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3
Q

Who was the first programmer?

A

Ada Lovelace

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4
Q

What is abstraction?

A

Creating a mental mode that removes complexity (you dont need to know how your car works to use it but you need to know how the wheel works)

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5
Q

Who invented the analytical engine?

A

Charles Babbage

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6
Q

What did Pascal invent?

A

Solid gear driven machine that can add -/x+ whole number

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7
Q

What Is high level language?

A

basically, English understood by humans Fortran, Cobol, lisp

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8
Q

What is low level language?

A

assembly and machine language.

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9
Q

In which Software gen were Fortan Cobol and l developed?

A

Second

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10
Q

What is the computers operation system generally known as?

A

System software

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11
Q

What is time sharing?

A

Is he process of many users, each at a terminal, using a single computer at the same time

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12
Q

What does the term Core i5 refer to in the description of the components of the Dell
Inspiron 5000 laptop?

A

The presence of two central core processors on one chip in the laptop computer

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13
Q

What is an algorithm

A

Something that allows us to develop and express solutions to problems.

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14
Q

T or F.A volatile storage device loses the contents of its memory if its power supply is turned off.

A

true

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15
Q

t or f An embedded system is a computer that is designed to perform a narrow range of
functions as part of a larger system.

A

true

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16
Q

Which parallel-processing approach applies the same program to multiple data sets
using multiple ALUs?

A

Synchronous processing

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17
Q

True or False? The data on a CD-RW can be rewritten

A

true

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18
Q

A bus is a set of wires through which data travels between components of a
computer.

A

true

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19
Q

How many things can be represented using two bits?

A

4

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20
Q

Generally, how many things can be represented in n bits?

A

2^n

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21
Q

True or False? Information is data that has been organized and/or processed in a
useful way.

A

true

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22
Q

how would electronical signals easier to manage?

A

If they transfer only binary data.

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23
Q

Which technique for representing numeric data uses the mantissa to hold the significant digits of a value?

A

floating point

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24
Q

When is the term radix point is used?

A

instead of decimal point in bases other
than 10.

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25
Q

When representing numbers using _______________, there are two representations for zero.

A

signed magnitude

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26
Q

Which problem is caused most directly by the existence of two representations of
zero within a computer?

A

Unnecessary complexity

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27
Q

Which of the following is a list of characters and the codes used to represent each one?

A

Character set

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28
Q

What is a character set?

A

is a list of characters and their numeric codes.

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29
Q

What is ASCII?

A

American standard code for Information Interchange

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30
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

is the number of bits or bytes that can be transmitted from
one place to another in a fixed amount of time.

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31
Q

Runlength encoding

A

Is a form of lossless data compression which runs off data are stored as a single data value and count. consecutive elements are replaced with the element and count

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32
Q

Huffman encoding

A

uses a variable-length binary string to represent a character so that frequently used characters have short codes

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33
Q

In which text compression technique is it invalid for a bit string that represents a
character to be the prefix of any other string used to represent a character?

A

Huffman Encoding

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34
Q

True or False? Keyword encoding is a type of text compression.

A

True

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35
Q

True or False? Huffman encoding uses variable length binary strings to represent
particular characters.

A

True

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36
Q

Do you lose data in lossy or lossless?

A

Lossy

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37
Q

What is sampling?

A

is the process of periodically measuring the voltage of a signal.

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38
Q

True or False? Audio data is often represented on a computer by sampling the
continuous signal that represents a sound wave.

A

True

39
Q

Which of the following is data about data, such as the resolution of an image being stored with the image?

A

Metadata

40
Q

Which of the following is a unit of frequency?

A

Hertz

41
Q

A von Neumann computer architecture is best characterized by which of the
following?

A

Stored program concept

42
Q

In which hardware generation were integrated circuits introduced?

A

third

43
Q

In which software generation were the FORTRAN and COBOL languages developed?

A

Second

44
Q

T or F The transistor ushered in the second generation of commercial computers?

A

True

45
Q

T or f A computer that has a parallel architecture uses multiple central processing units

A

True

46
Q

What is time sharing

A

The process of many users, each at a terminal, using a single computer at the same time.

47
Q

Which is not a hardware component? RAM ROM python

A

Python

48
Q

What Is parallel computing?

A

Computers rely on interconnected central processing.
and/or memory units that increase processing speed.

49
Q

Analog data

A

is a continuous representation, analogous to the actual information it represents.

50
Q

digital data

A

A discrete representation, breaking the information into separate elements.

51
Q

Analog signal

A

Continually fluctuates in voltage up and down.

52
Q

digital signal

A

only high or low

53
Q

electrical signal

A

degrade as they move down a line. Applies to both analog and digital.

54
Q

Resolution

A

number of pixels or “dots” horizontally and vertically.

55
Q

How do you convert OHB->D

A

by multiplying so if its 243 its 3xn^0 4xn^1 2xn^2 and add all together

56
Q

D->OHB

A

Divide

57
Q

Which of the following is an application package?

A

Word processor

58
Q

Data compression

A

Reduction in amount of space needed to share

59
Q

byte is how many bites

A

8

60
Q

h-> O

A
61
Q

What languages are structured prorgamming

A

Pascal, c, c++

62
Q

O->h

A

o-d d-h so multiply than divide

63
Q

Unix code

A

time sharing operating system

64
Q

circuits and truth tabel

A
65
Q

What is a pixel

A

things that make up an image

66
Q

Comp sci vs soft engineering

A
67
Q

Vacuum tube?

A

First gen nit reliable many for logic circuit

68
Q

Magnetic drum

A

magnetic storage similar to RAM

69
Q

Transistors

A

replaced vacuum tubes.

70
Q

Abacus

A

record numeric value

71
Q

How many things can be used to represent 10 bites.

A

2^10=1024

72
Q

Which of the following is a technique for isolating program pieces by eliminating the
ability for one piece to access information in another?

A

Information hiding

73
Q

Computer software

A

is a collection of programs that provides the instructions that a
computer carries out.

74
Q

Which of the following is the number 0 or any number obtained by repeatedly adding
1 to it?

A

Natural number

75
Q

Decimal

A

0-9 base 10

76
Q

binary

A

0 and 1 base 2

77
Q

octal

A

8 0-7

78
Q

Hexadecimal

A

16 0-f

79
Q

Which number represents the value of the base in every number system?

A

10

80
Q

Digital data

A

a discrete rep breaking up info up into seperate elements

81
Q

True or False? The base of a number system determines the number of digit
positions that can be used for any number in the system.

A

false

82
Q

A group of eight bits is called a(n)

A

Byte

83
Q

and gate does what

A

multiply

84
Q

not gate

A

when A’

85
Q

or gate

A

add

86
Q

Resistive Touch Screen

A

A screen made up of two layers of electrically
conductive material

87
Q

Capacitive Touch Screen

A

A screen made up of a laminate applied over a
glass screen current flows to the
finger or stylus
– The location of the touch on the screen is determined
by comparing how strong the flow of electricity is from
each corner

88
Q

Infrared Touch Screen

A

A screen with crisscrossing horizontal and vertical
beams of infrared light
– Sensors on opposite sides of the screen detect the
beams

89
Q

Surface Acoustic Wave

A

touchscreen devices are equipped with
sensors embedded around the perimeter to
measure the ultrasonic sound waves

90
Q

What language do machines understand?

A

Assembly needs to be converted into machine.

91
Q

When and where were the first CS Departments formed?

A

The first CD Departments were formed in the early 1960’s(October 1962) at Purdue University.

92
Q

Where is the Computer History Museum?

A

The Computer History Museum is located at Mountain view California.

93
Q
  1. Where did scientists build the first nanotube computer?
A

Stanford

94
Q
  1. What companies turned Jobs and Wozniak away?
A

Hewlett-Packard turned Wozniak down.

comp sci (4 decks)

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