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test1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is the father of computers?

A

Charles Babbage (analytical engine)

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2
Q

What is the first programing language?

A

Plankalkul

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3
Q

Who was the first programmer?

A

Ada Lovelace

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4
Q

What is abstraction?

A

Creating a mental mode that removes complexity (you dont need to know how your car works to use it but you need to know how the wheel works)

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5
Q

Who invented the analytical engine?

A

Charles Babbage

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6
Q

What did Pascal invent?

A

Solid gear driven machine that can add -/x+ whole number

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7
Q

What Is high level language?

A

basically, English understood by humans Fortran, Cobol, lisp

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8
Q

What is low level language?

A

assembly and machine language.

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9
Q

In which Software gen were Fortan Cobol and l developed?

A

Second

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10
Q

What is the computers operation system generally known as?

A

System software

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11
Q

What is time sharing?

A

Is he process of many users, each at a terminal, using a single computer at the same time

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12
Q

What does the term Core i5 refer to in the description of the components of the Dell
Inspiron 5000 laptop?

A

The presence of two central core processors on one chip in the laptop computer

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13
Q

What is an algorithm

A

Something that allows us to develop and express solutions to problems.

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14
Q

T or F.A volatile storage device loses the contents of its memory if its power supply is turned off.

A

true

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15
Q

t or f An embedded system is a computer that is designed to perform a narrow range of
functions as part of a larger system.

A

true

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16
Q

Which parallel-processing approach applies the same program to multiple data sets
using multiple ALUs?

A

Synchronous processing

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17
Q

True or False? The data on a CD-RW can be rewritten

A

true

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18
Q

A bus is a set of wires through which data travels between components of a
computer.

A

true

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19
Q

How many things can be represented using two bits?

A

4

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20
Q

Generally, how many things can be represented in n bits?

A

2^n

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21
Q

True or False? Information is data that has been organized and/or processed in a
useful way.

A

true

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22
Q

how would electronical signals easier to manage?

A

If they transfer only binary data.

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23
Q

Which technique for representing numeric data uses the mantissa to hold the significant digits of a value?

A

floating point

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24
Q

When is the term radix point is used?

A

instead of decimal point in bases other
than 10.

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25
When representing numbers using _______________, there are two representations for zero.
signed magnitude
26
Which problem is caused most directly by the existence of two representations of zero within a computer?
Unnecessary complexity
27
Which of the following is a list of characters and the codes used to represent each one?
Character set
28
What is a character set?
is a list of characters and their numeric codes.
29
What is ASCII?
American standard code for Information Interchange
30
What is bandwidth?
is the number of bits or bytes that can be transmitted from one place to another in a fixed amount of time.
31
Runlength encoding
Is a form of lossless data compression which runs off data are stored as a single data value and count. consecutive elements are replaced with the element and count
32
Huffman encoding
uses a variable-length binary string to represent a character so that frequently used characters have short codes
33
In which text compression technique is it invalid for a bit string that represents a character to be the prefix of any other string used to represent a character?
Huffman Encoding
34
True or False? Keyword encoding is a type of text compression.
True
35
True or False? Huffman encoding uses variable length binary strings to represent particular characters.
True
36
Do you lose data in lossy or lossless?
Lossy
37
What is sampling?
is the process of periodically measuring the voltage of a signal.
38
True or False? Audio data is often represented on a computer by sampling the continuous signal that represents a sound wave.
True
39
Which of the following is data about data, such as the resolution of an image being stored with the image?
Metadata
40
Which of the following is a unit of frequency?
Hertz
41
A von Neumann computer architecture is best characterized by which of the following?
Stored program concept
42
In which hardware generation were integrated circuits introduced?
third
43
In which software generation were the FORTRAN and COBOL languages developed?
Second
44
T or F The transistor ushered in the second generation of commercial computers?
True
45
T or f A computer that has a parallel architecture uses multiple central processing units
True
46
What is time sharing
The process of many users, each at a terminal, using a single computer at the same time.
47
Which is not a hardware component? RAM ROM python
Python
48
What Is parallel computing?
Computers rely on interconnected central processing. and/or memory units that increase processing speed.
49
Analog data
is a continuous representation, analogous to the actual information it represents.
50
digital data
A discrete representation, breaking the information into separate elements.
51
Analog signal
Continually fluctuates in voltage up and down.
52
digital signal
only high or low
53
electrical signal
degrade as they move down a line. Applies to both analog and digital.
54
Resolution
number of pixels or "dots" horizontally and vertically.
55
How do you convert OHB->D
by multiplying so if its 243 its 3xn^0 4xn^1 2xn^2 and add all together
56
D->OHB
Divide
57
Which of the following is an application package?
Word processor
58
Data compression
Reduction in amount of space needed to share
59
byte is how many bites
8
60
h-> O
61
What languages are structured prorgamming
Pascal, c, c++
62
O->h
o-d d-h so multiply than divide
63
Unix code
time sharing operating system
64
circuits and truth tabel
65
What is a pixel
things that make up an image
66
Comp sci vs soft engineering
67
Vacuum tube?
First gen nit reliable many for logic circuit
68
Magnetic drum
magnetic storage similar to RAM
69
Transistors
replaced vacuum tubes.
70
Abacus
record numeric value
71
How many things can be used to represent 10 bites.
2^10=1024
72
Which of the following is a technique for isolating program pieces by eliminating the ability for one piece to access information in another?
Information hiding
73
Computer software
is a collection of programs that provides the instructions that a computer carries out.
74
Which of the following is the number 0 or any number obtained by repeatedly adding 1 to it?
Natural number
75
Decimal
0-9 base 10
76
binary
0 and 1 base 2
77
octal
8 0-7
78
Hexadecimal
16 0-f
79
Which number represents the value of the base in every number system?
10
80
Digital data
a discrete rep breaking up info up into seperate elements
81
True or False? The base of a number system determines the number of digit positions that can be used for any number in the system.
false
82
A group of eight bits is called a(n)
Byte
83
and gate does what
multiply
84
not gate
when A'
85
or gate
add
86
Resistive Touch Screen
A screen made up of two layers of electrically conductive material
87
Capacitive Touch Screen
A screen made up of a laminate applied over a glass screen current flows to the finger or stylus – The location of the touch on the screen is determined by comparing how strong the flow of electricity is from each corner
88
Infrared Touch Screen
A screen with crisscrossing horizontal and vertical beams of infrared light – Sensors on opposite sides of the screen detect the beams
89
Surface Acoustic Wave
touchscreen devices are equipped with sensors embedded around the perimeter to measure the ultrasonic sound waves
90
What language do machines understand?
Assembly needs to be converted into machine.
91
When and where were the first CS Departments formed?
The first CD Departments were formed in the early 1960’s(October 1962) at Purdue University.
92
Where is the Computer History Museum?
The Computer History Museum is located at Mountain view California.
93
3. Where did scientists build the first nanotube computer?
Stanford
94
5. What companies turned Jobs and Wozniak away?
Hewlett-Packard turned Wozniak down.

comp sci (4 decks)

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