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Epilepsy > Test Two > Flashcards

Test Two Flashcards

1
Q

what is another name for absence seizures? how long do they last? what is the age of onset?

A

petit mal, less than 10 seconds, between the ages of 4-10

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2
Q

what is the characteristic pattern on the EEG for absence seizures? What activational procedure may provoke absence seizures?

A

3 Hz spike and wave, 2.5-4Hz, sleep may distort, hyperventilation

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3
Q

What is the difference between ictal and interictal

A

ictal- during seizures/interictal- between seizures

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4
Q

What is another name for infantile spasms? What is usually the age of onset?

A

Jack knife, prior to 6 months and rarely after the age of 2

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5
Q

What is the pattern seen with infantile spasms?

A

relatively organized brain activity separating the periods of hysarrythmia

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6
Q

tonic

A

extension and abduction of extremities

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7
Q

clonic

A

prolong rapid jerking

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8
Q

aura

A

warning of a seizure

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9
Q

idiopathic

A

no known cause

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10
Q

symptomatic

A

etiology or cause of a disease

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11
Q

neoplasm

A

tumor

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12
Q

partial

A

initially affects one area of the brain

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13
Q

elementary

A

simple, without impairment of consciousness

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14
Q

complex

A

impairment of consciousness

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15
Q

gustatory

A

disagreeable taste, lip smack

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16
Q

in atonic seizures there is no loss of consciousness?

A

TRUE

17
Q

What is a febrile seizure? how high of temperature? What kind of seizure is involved? What is the prognosis?

A

fever seizure, fever of 38 degrees C or higher, tonic-clonic, 1-3 minutes, excellent around 90 percent

18
Q

Benign rolandic epilepsy usually occurs in adults age 20 to 30

A

FALSE (3-12 years of age)

19
Q

describe the EEG with benign rolandic epilepsy

A

spike activity in central and mid temporal areas, usually increases in sleep

20
Q

What is the characteristic pattern of Lennox Gastaut Syndrome?

A

irregular 1.5 to 2.5 Hz, generalized sharp, spike or polyspike and wave

21
Q

What seizures are considered medical emergencies?

A

tonic-clonic, status epileptus

22
Q

Describe pseudoseizures

A

attacks of sudden unresponsiveness or altered responsiveness. usually, but not always associated with dramatic motor manifestations which resemble true seizures

23
Q

what is a mirror focus?

A

a spike focus in one area spread with time to the opposite area because of the richness of the commissure

24
Q

What is secondary bilateral synchrony?

A

focus that becomes generalized, PaSp 60 mm/sec 5 sec/pg

25
Q

Describe the total course of the EEG of a patient with grandmal seizures

A

gen. no focal onset, gen. fast activity at 18-20 Hz of increasing amp. Sudeen flattening of all areas with gradual build up of slow activity TONIC- 10-14 Hz activity and polyspikes with much muscle artifact CLONIC- rhythmic spike and slow wave

26
Q

What should you do for a patient having a grandmal seizure?

A

make sure they are safe, cushion, turn on side to assist in breathing and saliva draining

27
Q

3 anticonvulsants

A

valium, dilantin, ativan

28
Q

With simple partial seizures conciousness is not lost

A

TRUE

29
Q

what activational procedure most often elicits an absence seizure?

A

hyperventalation

30
Q

what activational procedure often elicits a complex partial

A

photic light

31
Q

deja vu

A

the feeling of reliving an experience that has occurred before

32
Q

jamais vu

A

familiar becoming unfamiliar

33
Q

two convulsants

A

megamede, brevital

34
Q

what percentage of true epileptics also have pseudo seizures?

A

10-20 percent

35
Q

what percentage of all types of epilepsy begin prior to the age of 20?

A

75 percent

36
Q

More modern terminology of an elementary focal seizure?

A

simple partial

37
Q

in BRE do the epileptiform spikes increase or decrease?

A

increase

38
Q

Ketogenic diet

A

ketosis control, amplified atkins diet, state of ketosis, wipe out seizures. no carbs

39
Q

what drugs do we give for complex partial status?

A

IV valium and IV pheno

Epilepsy (2 decks)

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