Test Two

Question 1

what is another name for absence seizures? how long do they last? what is the age of onset?

Answer 1

petit mal, less than 10 seconds, between the ages of 4-10

Question 2

what is the characteristic pattern on the EEG for absence seizures? What activational procedure may provoke absence seizures?

Answer 2

3 Hz spike and wave, 2.5-4Hz, sleep may distort, hyperventilation

Question 3

What is the difference between ictal and interictal

Answer 3

ictal- during seizures/interictal- between seizures

Question 4

What is another name for infantile spasms? What is usually the age of onset?

Answer 4

Jack knife, prior to 6 months and rarely after the age of 2

Question 5

What is the pattern seen with infantile spasms?

Answer 5

relatively organized brain activity separating the periods of hysarrythmia

Question 6

tonic

Answer 6

extension and abduction of extremities

Question 7

clonic

Answer 7

prolong rapid jerking

Question 8

aura

Answer 8

warning of a seizure

Question 9

idiopathic

Answer 9

no known cause

Question 10

symptomatic

Answer 10

etiology or cause of a disease

Question 11

neoplasm

Answer 11

tumor

Question 12

partial

Answer 12

initially affects one area of the brain

Question 13

elementary

Answer 13

simple, without impairment of consciousness

Question 14

complex

Answer 14

impairment of consciousness

Question 15

gustatory

Answer 15

disagreeable taste, lip smack

Question 16

in atonic seizures there is no loss of consciousness?

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

What is a febrile seizure? how high of temperature? What kind of seizure is involved? What is the prognosis?

Answer 17

fever seizure, fever of 38 degrees C or higher, tonic-clonic, 1-3 minutes, excellent around 90 percent

Question 18

Benign rolandic epilepsy usually occurs in adults age 20 to 30

Answer 18

FALSE (3-12 years of age)

Question 19

describe the EEG with benign rolandic epilepsy

Answer 19

spike activity in central and mid temporal areas, usually increases in sleep

Question 20

What is the characteristic pattern of Lennox Gastaut Syndrome?

Answer 20

irregular 1.5 to 2.5 Hz, generalized sharp, spike or polyspike and wave

Question 21

What seizures are considered medical emergencies?

Answer 21

tonic-clonic, status epileptus

Question 22

Describe pseudoseizures

Answer 22

attacks of sudden unresponsiveness or altered responsiveness. usually, but not always associated with dramatic motor manifestations which resemble true seizures

Question 23

what is a mirror focus?

Answer 23

a spike focus in one area spread with time to the opposite area because of the richness of the commissure

Question 24

What is secondary bilateral synchrony?

Answer 24

focus that becomes generalized, PaSp 60 mm/sec 5 sec/pg

Question 25

Describe the total course of the EEG of a patient with grandmal seizures

Answer 25

gen. no focal onset, gen. fast activity at 18-20 Hz of increasing amp. Sudeen flattening of all areas with gradual build up of slow activity TONIC- 10-14 Hz activity and polyspikes with much muscle artifact CLONIC- rhythmic spike and slow wave

Question 26

What should you do for a patient having a grandmal seizure?

Answer 26

make sure they are safe, cushion, turn on side to assist in breathing and saliva draining

Question 27

3 anticonvulsants

Answer 27

valium, dilantin, ativan

Question 28

With simple partial seizures conciousness is not lost

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

what activational procedure most often elicits an absence seizure?

Answer 29

hyperventalation

Question 30

what activational procedure often elicits a complex partial

Answer 30

photic light

Question 31

deja vu

Answer 31

the feeling of reliving an experience that has occurred before

Question 32

jamais vu

Answer 32

familiar becoming unfamiliar

Question 33

two convulsants

Answer 33

megamede, brevital

Question 34

what percentage of true epileptics also have pseudo seizures?

Answer 34

10-20 percent

Question 35

what percentage of all types of epilepsy begin prior to the age of 20?

Answer 35

75 percent

Question 36

More modern terminology of an elementary focal seizure?

Answer 36

simple partial

Question 37

in BRE do the epileptiform spikes increase or decrease?

Answer 37

increase

Question 38

Ketogenic diet

Answer 38

ketosis control, amplified atkins diet, state of ketosis, wipe out seizures. no carbs

Question 39

what drugs do we give for complex partial status?

Answer 39

IV valium and IV pheno