Test & Tools Flashcards
What are indications for tonometry?
- to measure IOP (gold standard)
- glaucoma screening
- pre/post eye surgery
What is normal IOP?
12-20mmHG
what does Applanation/goldmann tonometry measure?
force to flatten area of the cornea
risks of application/goldmann tomometry?
- corneal abrasions
- allergic rxn to ggts
what is non contact tonometry?
puff of air used to flatten cornea; senses corneal deflection
(not gold standard/good for mass screening of population)
what is electronic indentation tonometry?
pencil like tool sits on cornea
reads IOP
risks of indentation tonometry?
corneal abrasions and rxn to ggts
indication for snellen chart?
far sighted visual acuity; gold standard; don’t use glasses
indications for rosenbaum chart?
near sighted visual acuity; best corrected vision
what are ishihara test plates used for? indications?
testing color blindness for R/G deficiencies
commonly used in screening
what are the 3 types of color blindness?
- deuteranopia (R/G)
2. protanopia (
what is an anomaloscope used for?
definitive Dx of R/G deficiencies
gold standard
how is an anomaloscope used?
look into scope and try to match the colors of two plates together
what is the farnsworth D-15 dichotomous test (aka color arrangement test)?
arrange colors in order
determines type of deficiency and severity
gold standard for type and severity
what is fluorescein angiography used for?
to determine the integrity of retinal circulation
to diagnose diseases affecting the posterior eye (retina, choroid, optic nerve)
- DR, vein occlusion, retinal aa occlusion, edema of optic disc, tumors
monitor previously diagnosed disease progression and tx
how is fluorescein angiography used?
inject sodium florescein
camera records the light/color emitted at specified times after injection
risks of fluorescein angiography?
anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, bronchospasms, urticaria, pyrexia, thrombophlebitis, syncope, local tissue necrosis, pain, redness, nausea, vomiting, pruritis
pupillary dilation indications?
better view eye’s internal structures; gold standard
what ggts are used for dilation of eye?
cyclopentolate or tropicamide
risks of pupillary dilation?
light sensitivity, blurry vision, eyelid swelling, red eyes
what is the slit lamp test used for?
examining structures of anterior and posterior eye
diagnose ophthalmic diseases: MD, detached retina, cataracts, corneal injuries, retinal artery occlusions
gold standard
how is the slit lamp used?
administer dilation ggts
steady head on rest
microscope with high intensity light to visualize the eye
what are the risks of slit lamp?
nausea, vomiting, dryness of mouth, flushing, dizziness, allergic run, increased IOP, loss of vision
