Test & Tools

Question 1

What are indications for tonometry?

Answer 1

• to measure IOP (gold standard)
• glaucoma screening
• pre/post eye surgery

Question 2

What is normal IOP?

Answer 2

12-20mmHG

Question 3

what does Applanation/goldmann tonometry measure?

Answer 3

force to flatten area of the cornea

Question 4

risks of application/goldmann tomometry?

Answer 4

• corneal abrasions

- allergic rxn to ggts

Question 5

what is non contact tonometry?

Answer 5

puff of air used to flatten cornea; senses corneal deflection

(not gold standard/good for mass screening of population)

Question 6

what is electronic indentation tonometry?

Answer 6

pencil like tool sits on cornea

reads IOP

Question 7

risks of indentation tonometry?

Answer 7

corneal abrasions and rxn to ggts

Question 8

indication for snellen chart?

Answer 8

far sighted visual acuity; gold standard; don’t use glasses

Question 9

indications for rosenbaum chart?

Answer 9

near sighted visual acuity; best corrected vision

Question 10

what are ishihara test plates used for? indications?

Answer 10

testing color blindness for R/G deficiencies

commonly used in screening

Question 11

what are the 3 types of color blindness?

Answer 11

1. deuteranopia (R/G)

2. protanopia (

Question 12

what is an anomaloscope used for?

Answer 12

definitive Dx of R/G deficiencies

gold standard

Question 13

how is an anomaloscope used?

Answer 13

look into scope and try to match the colors of two plates together

Question 14

what is the farnsworth D-15 dichotomous test (aka color arrangement test)?

Answer 14

arrange colors in order
determines type of deficiency and severity

gold standard for type and severity

Question 15

what is fluorescein angiography used for?

Answer 15

to determine the integrity of retinal circulation

to diagnose diseases affecting the posterior eye (retina, choroid, optic nerve)
- DR, vein occlusion, retinal aa occlusion, edema of optic disc, tumors

monitor previously diagnosed disease progression and tx

Question 16

how is fluorescein angiography used?

Answer 16

inject sodium florescein

camera records the light/color emitted at specified times after injection

Question 17

risks of fluorescein angiography?

Answer 17

anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, bronchospasms, urticaria, pyrexia, thrombophlebitis, syncope, local tissue necrosis, pain, redness, nausea, vomiting, pruritis

Question 18

pupillary dilation indications?

Answer 18

better view eye’s internal structures; gold standard

Question 19

what ggts are used for dilation of eye?

Answer 19

cyclopentolate or tropicamide

Question 20

risks of pupillary dilation?

Answer 20

light sensitivity, blurry vision, eyelid swelling, red eyes

Question 21

what is the slit lamp test used for?

Answer 21

examining structures of anterior and posterior eye

diagnose ophthalmic diseases: MD, detached retina, cataracts, corneal injuries, retinal artery occlusions

gold standard

Question 22

how is the slit lamp used?

Answer 22

administer dilation ggts

steady head on rest

microscope with high intensity light to visualize the eye

Question 23

what are the risks of slit lamp?

Answer 23

nausea, vomiting, dryness of mouth, flushing, dizziness, allergic run, increased IOP, loss of vision