test: sept 15 Flashcards

1
Q

alliteration

A

the repetition of the same sound or letters the beginning of consecutive words or syllables

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2
Q

allusion

A

an indirect reference, often to another text or historic event, that the audience is expected to already know

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3
Q

analogy

A

an extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things

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4
Q

anaphora

A

the repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses

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5
Q

anecdote

A

a short account of an interesting event told to illustrate

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6
Q

antecedent

A

the noun to which a pronoun refers

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7
Q

antithesis

A

parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas

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8
Q

appositive

A

a word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun

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9
Q

archaic diction

A

the use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated (old-fashioned) language

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10
Q

argument

A

a statement supported by evidence; it is up for discussion

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11
Q

assertion

A

an emphatic statement; declaration

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12
Q

assumption

A

a belief or statement taken for granted without proof

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13
Q

attitude

A

the speaker’s position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone

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14
Q

audience

A

one’s listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed

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15
Q

authority

A

a reliable, respected source; someone with knowledge

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16
Q

bias

A

prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue

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17
Q

cite

A

identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source

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18
Q

claim

A

an assertion, usually supported by evidence

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19
Q

colloquial/ism

A

an informal or conversational use of language

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20
Q

common ground

A

shared beliefs, values, or positions

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21
Q

concession

A

a reluctant acknowledgment or yielding

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22
Q

context

A

words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning

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23
Q

counterargument

A

a challenge to a position; an opposing argument

24
Q

credible

A

worthy of belief; trustworthy

25
cumulative sentence
an independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases
26
deduction
reasoning from general to specific
27
diction
word choice
28
documentation
bibliographic information about the sources used in a piece of writing
29
elegiac
mournful over what has passed or been lost; often to describe tone
30
hortatory
urging, or strongly encouraging
31
induction
reasoning from specific to general
32
inversion
a sentence in which the verb precedes the subject (speaks this way, yoda does.)
33
juxtaposition
placement of two things side by side for emphasis
34
metonymy
use of a part of something to represent the whole
35
occasion
an aspect of context; the cause or reason for writing; exigence
36
oxymoron
a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms
37
paradox
a statement that seems contradictory but is actually true
38
parallelism
the repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns
39
parody
a piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule
40
periodic sentence
a sentence that builds toward and ends w the main clause
41
persona
the speaker, voice, or characters assumed by the author if a piece
42
polemic
an argument against an idea, usually regarding philosophy, politics, or religion
43
pronoun
a word used to replace a noun or noun phrase
44
propaganda
a negative terms for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information
45
purpose
one's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing
46
refute
to discredit an argument, particularly counter argument
47
rhetoric
the study of effective, persuasive language use; according to Aristotle, the use of "the available means of persuasion"
48
rhetorical modes
patterns of organizations developed to achieve a specific purpose; mode include but are not limited to narration, description, comparison and contrast, cause and effect, definition, exemplification, classification and division, process analysis, and argumentation
49
rhetorical question
a question asked more to produce an effect than to summon an answer
50
satire
an ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it parody
51
syntax
sentence structure
52
synthesize
combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex
53
tone
the speaker's attitude toward the subject or audience
54
understatement
lack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for effect
55
voice
a distinctive quality in the style and tone of writing