test revision

Question 1

Name the parts of a microscope

Answer 1

Eye piece lens, objective lens, stage, lamp, focusing knobs (coarse and fine)

Question 2

What does magnification mean?

Answer 2

Making an image larger

Question 3

What does focus mean?

Answer 3

Making an image sharp enough to be viewed

Question 4

How do you focus an image using microscope?

Answer 4

By turning the focussing knob

Question 5

How do you increase the magnification of an image

Answer 5

Change the objective lens

Question 6

What is a cell?

Answer 6

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms

Question 7

What is an organelle?

Answer 7

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell

Question 8

Parts of an animal cell

Answer 8

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria and ribosomes

Question 9

Parts of a plant cell

Answer 9

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria and ribosomes AND cell wall, chloroplasts and permanent vacuole

Question 10

What are the key structural differences between an animal cell and a plant cell?

Answer 10

Plant has cell wall, chloroplast and vacuole, which the animal cell does not

Question 11

What is a nucleus and what is its function?

Answer 11

The organelle that holds DNA and controls the cells activities

Question 12

What is a cell membrane and what is its function?

Answer 12

Layer around the cell which controls substances moving in or out of the cell.

Question 13

What is a cytoplasm and what is its function?

Answer 13

Gel like substance where chemical reactions happen

Question 14

What is a mitochondria and what is its function?

Answer 14

Small organelle which is where respiration happens to release energy

Question 15

What is a cell wall and what is its function?

Answer 15

A rigid outer layer that strengthens the cell and supports its shape, made of cellulose

Question 16

What is a chloroplast and what is its function?

Answer 16

Small organelle that performs photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy from the sun

Question 17

What is a vacuole and what is its function?

Answer 17

An organelle that is filled with sap to keep the cells turgid (firm)

Question 18

Give two examples of specialised cells in animals

Answer 18

Red blood cell, muscle cell, nerve cell, sperm cell, egg cell (there are many more)

Question 19

What is the function of a red blood cell (RBC)?

Answer 19

To carry oxygen to cells for respiration

Question 20

How does the shape of the red blood cell support its function?

Answer 20

Biconcave shape, maximises surface area and makes the cell more flexible

Question 21

How does haemoglobin support the role of the red blood cell?

Answer 21

Haemoglobin carries oxygen

Question 22

Why does a red blood cell not have a nucleus?

Answer 22

To maximise space for haemoglobin

Question 23

How do the amount of mitochondria in a muscle cell support its function?

Answer 23

Many mitochondria for energy release

Question 24

What is the function of a root hair cell?

Answer 24

Absorb water and minerals from the soil

Question 25

How does a root hair cell’s surface area support its function?

Answer 25

Large surface area means it can absorb substances quickly

Question 26

Why does the root hair cell not contain chloroplasts?

Answer 26

It does not photosynthesise (no light underground)

Question 27

What is the function of a palisade cell?

Answer 27

To absorb as much light as possible for photosynthesis

Question 28

Why is the palisade cell suited to its function?

Answer 28

It has many chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll. This absorbs light energy from the sun for photosynthesis

Question 29

Where in the leaf are palisade cells found and how does this help them to carry out their function?

Answer 29

At the top of the leaf so can absorb a lot of light energy from the sun

Question 30

Define diffusion

Answer 30

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 31

Define high concentration

Answer 31

When there are a lot of particles of a substance in a fixed volume

Question 32

Define low concentration

Answer 32

When there are NOT a lot of particles of a substance in a fixed volume

Question 33

Give an example of where diffusion happens in the body

Answer 33

Materials moving to and from the blood into the body’s cells

Question 34

what is a Unicellular organism

Answer 34

An organism made up of one cell.

Question 35

Amoeba

Answer 35

Unicellular organism; moves by stretching and bending engulfs and wraps around its food. reproduces by binary fission

Question 36

what does a green, single-celled, freshwater organism with a flagellum describe

Answer 36

Euglena

Question 37

Euglena

Answer 37

A green, single-celled, freshwater organism with a flagellum

Question 38

difference between risk and hazard

Answer 38

The hazard is something that might potentially cause harm. A risk is the degree of likelihood or possibility that something might happen.

Question 39

difference between accuracy and precision

Answer 39

Accuracy is how close something is to the actual value and precision is how close together the measurements made are, to each other.

Question 40

The things that are kept the same to ensure the results are due to the experiment is called..

Answer 40

control variable

Question 41

independent variable

Answer 41

the variable you change to see how the independent variable affects the dependent variable.

Question 42

dependant variable

Answer 42

the variable that is affected by the independent variable and is being tested or recorded in an experiment.