Test Review Questions Flashcards
Definition of social psychology
Individuals in groups about thoughts, feelings, and behaviours that we have about the world
Definition of social cognition
How people process, store, and use information about others and their interactions
Definition of attitude
Set of beliefs and feeling about things, people, and situations, which can be positive or negative
What is the three factors of talk the talk walk the walk
1) We are aware of our attitude about something
2) Our attitude is related to the behaviour
3) We are not highly influenced by others
Definition of cognitive dissonance theory
Cognitive: Conscious thinking and reasoning
Dissonance: Discomfort from conflicting behaviours and beliefs
Meaning: People like their thoughts and actions to match, but they often don’t
Who, where conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment? What was it trying to prove and what was it trying to mimic.
Who: Philip Zimbardo
Where: Stanford University
Prove: How people behave when gives power over others and how they act in roles like guards or prisoners
Mimic: Prison environment
What are the three factors required to increase a persons willingness to participate in aggressive acts
1) Environment triggers for aggression
2) Anonymous
3) Orders from authority
Whats the difference of aggression and frustration-aggression principle
Aggression: Meant to harm others
Frustration-aggression principle: Being blocked from a goal can cause aggression
Define:
Foot-in-door
Door-in-face
Lowballing
Foot-in-door: Gets people to agree to a small request first, making them more likely to agree to a larger one later
Door-in-face: Starts with large request, than follows with a smaller one, which is more likely to be accepted
Lowballing: When someone agrees to a good deal, but terms are changed later to be less favourable
Definition of persuasion
Trying to change a persons attitude, beliefs, or emotions about something
What are the two methods of persuasion and their differences
Central Route:
1) Reasoning
2) Info
3) Back up arguments
4) Stay in memory for long
Peripheral Route:
1) Often ads
2) Flashy
3) Uses well known people
4) Short memory
Definition of Attribution Theory
We often blame someones behaviour on their personality (like being lazy) not the situation they are in. This is called fundamental attribution error
Who conducted tests on conformity
Solomon Asch
Difference of conformity and obedience
Conformity is adjusting to fit in with a group
obedience is following instructions from authority
Difference of normative influence and informational influence
Normative influence: Fitting in or be accepted by a group
Informational influence: Following others who are seen as experts
Why are people likely to conform when in smaller groups than bigger groups?
Pressure to fit in, feels stronger
Which psychologist focused on obedience and why did he study it?
Stanly Milgram’s family escaped Europe before World War II
Made him want to study why people follow harmful orders, like during the Holocaust
Group influence which are positive and negative
1) Social facilitation
2) Social loafing
3) Deindividuation
Social facilitation: Positive
Social loafing: Negative
Deindividuation: Negative
Which of the three behaviour changes help explain mob mentality
1) Social facilitation
2) Social loafing
3) Deindividuation
Deindividuation explains mob mentality by making people feel unseen and less responsible in the group
What does social facilitation, social loafing, and deindividuation
Social facilitation: People perform better when others are watching
Social loafing: People do less work in a group than alone
Deindivduation: Being in a group makes people feel unseen, leading to reckless behaviour
