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Test Review Flashcards

0
Q

Hoe does snail relate to cmt

A 
Snail expression correlated signif w 
Grade
Histo type
Lymph invasion
snail, hallmark of emt, may play nb role in invasion and mets of cmt
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1
Q

Are erbB1 and 2 expressed in CMT? Significance?

A

Erbb1 over expression in30% w 91% homology
Erbb2 over expression in 40% w 92% homology
Cetuximab and traztuzumab significantly inhibit tumor cell proliferation dot this

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2
Q

Feline Lung carc markers

A

Ttf1
Surfactant protein a
Egfr mutant
P53 positive

No Kras or p53 mutants

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3
Q

Feline lgl lsa

A 
SI IEL origin for feline LGL 90% T cell
CD103 circ IELs
CD8aa expressed by IELs in cats
None lived over 2.8m jejunum mc
Nphilia mc leukogram change

Canine LGL CLL is CD11d+ splenic pulp origin

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4
Q

Prognostic variables feline LSA

A

For survival:
BM involvement, stage, substance, use of rt (most nasal)

MV analysis:
Only second remission protocol (mopp better)

PGP NOT predictive of survival

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5
Q

LSA v iBD in gi biopsy samples

A

Important differences: lymph infiltrate beyond mucosa, heterogeneity, epitheliotropism, nuclear size of lymphs

100% specific for LSA: intravasc infiltrate, mets, serosal infiltrate

63% T cell v 13% B cell

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6
Q

Bcl-2 in IBD v LSA

A

Significantly higher cells were + in LSA v iBD (90% v 60%)

May be useful as thp target

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7
Q

Ccnu for cut LSA

A

Orr 78-83% x 3-3.5m
Cr 17-33%

Resp dur for cr not reached
72% ln involvement

Sign diff in ttp in cum ccnu dose and # cycles but resp and non resp

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8
Q

Dacarbazine single agent for relapsed LSA

A

Orr 35%
Pfi 43 d (1.4m)
Tpenia

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9
Q

Effect of pred on lymph marker expression

A

Decreased proportions of:
CD3, CD4. CD 21. CD 45RA. CD90
CD3 most

Decreased intensity of:
CD18. CD45.

Culture w pred caused sign drop in all markers and DNA fragmentation

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10
Q

Plasma DNA

A

Higher in dogs w LSA and leukemia

If over 24 ng ml = shorter remission

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11
Q

Ccnu and pred first line for LSA

A

Orr 53% x 1.3m (worse than rescue 2.9m)
MST 3.7m

MV- FEmales, higher total ccnu = longer dfi

Pred could have done this!

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12
Q

T cell markers

A

Cd 4, 8, 3, 5, 45

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13
Q

B cell LSA markers

A

CD 20, 21, 45, 79, pax5, igM, IgG

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14
Q

Cat liver tumors

A 
Primary > metastatic 
Benign > malignant 
Cholangiocarcinoma #1 primary malig
Bile duct adenomas common #1 tumor 
Hypoglycemia dt hep adenomas
Azotemia from liver tumors
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15
Q

Ccnu for hs

A

Orr 46%
Mst 3.5m
Mst responders 5.7m

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16
Q

Dog spontaneous hemoperitoneum

A

80% of bleeding solitary and mfo = malignant
All solitary malignant = HSA
71% MFO malignant = HSA

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17
Q

HSA tumor vaccine

A

LDC (cationic liposome and DNA complexes) was adjuvant for allogeneic tumor vax of lysates of canine HSA cell lines

Stage 2 HSA (splenic) given vax + doxorubicin had significantly longer MST but no change in DFI

Strong humoral IR against LDC
Most mounted aby response against canine HSA cells

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18
Q

Mds dx

A

Mds eb = blasts in marrow >5% <1 poor px

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19
Q

Mm px factors dog and cat

A

Dog - hypercal, bence jones, extensive bony lysis

Cat- hypercal, bence jones, bone Lz w path fx, anemia, azotemia, High creat, high prot after 8w treatment (all indicate aggressive form MST 5d v 12.9m)

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20
Q

Primary v secondary polycythemia

A

Indolent but gradual myelofibrosis
Primary:
High RBC mass (2 to tissue hypoxia causing appropriate high epo production), EPO low to low normal

Secondary: plasma volume is decreased (hypovolemia, dehydration, RBC not increased), EPO high

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21
Q

Common feline mm findings

A 
Atypical plasma cell morph 83%
Decreased cholesterol 69%
Bone lesions 50%
Non cutaneous extramedullary/multiorgan     involvement 1Oo%
Anemia 69%
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22
Q

Trends in feline gi neoplasia

A 
#1 LSA. 80% LSA in SI
#1 non lymphoid is ADCA
ADCA is #1 LI tumor. 69% of ADCA is LI

Ins risk: Siamese ESP ADCA. Age after 7
Dec risk: intact

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23
Q

Testicular tumors

A

Setoli a bit less common and younger
Sheltie/Collie 5x more likely than other breeds!
They get sertoli or mixed sertoli/seminoma
Norwegian elkhounds 100% seminomas

Decreased risk: lab, gsp, flat coat, rottie

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24
Q

Px factors canine insulinoma

A

Tumor size…dfi

Ki67…dfi and os

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25
Q

Indicators of malig in adrenocort tumors

A

Adrenal carc
Over 2 cm, invasive, ki67 > 2.4%
Peripheral fibrosis, capsular invasion, trabecular growth pattern, hemorrhage, necrosis, single cell necrosis

Adenomas
Hempoiesis, fibrin thrombi, cytopl vacuoles

26
Q

Adrenal markers…pheo v ADCA

A

Pheo chromogranin a, synaptophysin

ADCA, melan a, ki67

27
Q

Dog digit tumor mets

A

SCC 3-9%. Later up to 23%
Melanoma 10-40%. Later up to 40%
OSA 24%

Mets at dx don’t change ST

28
Q

Secondary brain dog

A 
MC than primary
HSA 1, pituitary 2, LSA 3, carcinoma 4
Cerebrum
Me ration change
Necropsy, same tumor in lung 47%, kidney 35%, heart 31%
29
Q

Spinal dog and cat

A

Dog - mening 1 HSA 2
Cat - LSA 1 OSA 2
Boxer cervical mening
Goldens gsd TL nephroblastoma

30
Q

Cat chemo tox

A 
Cisplat pulm edema
Hu methHb
Doxorubicin kidney insuff
Ccnu lung fibrosis (chronic)
Vbl overdose SIADH
Phenobarbital pseudoLSA
31
Q

Chemo in preg

A

3stages of fetal devel:
Early embryogenesis (embryonic death)
Organogenesis (death or major malf)
Fetal growth ( fxn rather than struct def)

Relatively safe after organogenesis
D/c 2-3 weeks before deliv to avoid fetal myelosuppression

32
Q

Moa misoprostol

A

Prostaglandin analog for tx or preventing gastric ulcers

Direct action on parietal cells
Inhibits gastric acid secretion

33
Q

Metronomic chlorambucil

A

ORR 11%
CB 62%
Median PFI 2m. MST 5.1m
Response significantly assoc w PFI (not survival)

Some CRs did great, MCT 15.6m, TC >2.2y, STS in remission >8m

34
Q

Palladia targets

A 
VEGFR
pDGFR
CSF1R
FLT3
RET
35
Q

CCNU denamarin

A

ALT increase: 68% v 84%

Liver tox: 4% v 28%

36
Q

Idarubicin

A 
PO 
MTD 22 mg m2
AE npenia tpenia 68%
58% responded (29% prev had ardria)
Well tolerated

In people, less heart tox, less mdr effluent, better bbb penetration

37
Q

Abcb1 breeds

A 
Collie 77
Long haired whippet 58
Aus shep 47
Mini Aussie 37
Silken wind hound 31
Sheltie 12
Mix 11
GSD 10
OES 2.5
Border collie 1
38
Q

Hematologic tox of which drugs depend on auc

A

Doxorubicin
Carboplatin
5fu
Cladribine

39
Q

VAS express what

A 
PDGF and PDGFR 
EGF and EGFR
FGFb
TGFa and TGFb
cKit
40
Q

Which factors have role in bone resorp

A 
PTHrP
IL1
TNFa
RANKL
OPG
TGFB1
41
Q

What do rankl, opg, and TGFb do

A

RANKL stimulates OC activation, normally expressed by OB, also some tumors. Increases bone resorption

OPG is soluble decoy receptor for RANKL, inhibits OC activation

TGFb stimulates and inhibits effects on OC bone resorption

PTHrP, IL1, TNF stimulate OB expression of RANKL and Tf OC bone resorption

42
Q

Masitinib targets

A

Kit
PDGFR a/b
LIN
FGFR3

43
Q

Imatinib targets

A

Kit
PDGFR
Bcr-abl

44
Q

Investigate mass at vax site if

A

Mass is at least 2 cm
Evident 3m post vax
Increasing in size more than 4 weeks post vax

45
Q

WHO primary Lung tumor staging

A

T1 solitary tumor
T2 mult tumors any size
T3 tumor invading neighboring tissue

N LN involve
M mets

46
Q

Pall RT in 5 cats w OMM

ORR
msT

A

ORR 60%

MST 4.9m

47
Q

Dogs w OMM tx with XRT

A

ORR 82%. CR 51%.
RF: location (rostral v cd), bone lysis, tumor vol (macro v micro)

O RF MST 21m, 1 RF 11m, 2 RF 5m, 3 RF 3m
Tumor vol + location = lung mets, MST, recur
Bone lysis = recur, MST

48
Q

Melanoma cocktail

A

Melan A, PLN2, TRP 1, TRP 2

94% sens 100% spec

49
Q

Myoepithelial markers in mammary

A

p63
CK14
Calponin

50
Q

Cmt behavior

A

74% malig

58% new tumor in ipsilat gland
77% of dogs w malig tumor got 2nd malig
3% got tumor in contralat gland

Unilateral rad mastect may be warranted

51
Q

Ddavp and cmt

A

Improves MST and DFI

52
Q

Breeds cut HSA

A

Whippet pit bull Dalmatian beagle Italian grey hound

53
Q

Dermal HSA tx w only surgery

A

77% recur at median 7m (even clean margins!)

Increased local recurrence: predisposed breed, ventrum, mult masses (NOT INC MARGINS)

Increased risk mets - sq invasion
Decreased risk mets - predisposed breeds

Increased survival
Predisposed breeds lived longer
Ventral location and solar induced lived longer
Mets and hemoabdomen lived shorter

MST 2.7y
34% mets at med 11 m

54
Q

Ihc type a v b synoviocytes

A

Type A: phagocytic macrophages, CD18+

Type B: mesenchymal, produce synovium
Vimentin+, cadherin+, HSP25+

55
Q

What canine cells are sensitive to Sorafenib

What chemo drug did it antagonize

A

OSA

Carbo

56
Q

Sorafenib (nexavar) targets

A 
Vegfr 2/3
PDGFR b
Flt3
CKit
B raf
C raf
57
Q

Inflammatory mammary carcinoma

Prognostic
IHC

A

Presence of coagulopathy
Medical tx
MST 2m

Positive: CK, CK 14, vimentin, vWF
Neg: actin, desmin, CD31, CD34

58
Q

Recur of inc excised STS

A

Grade and MI are sign assoc w tumor recur for marginally excised tumors. Grade stronger.

Overall recur 23%. TTR 12m.

Grade 1, 7% recurred
Grade 2, 34% recurred
Grade 3, 75% recurred

59
Q

PCNA

A

Subunit of DNA polymerase delta
Involved in DNA repair
Max expression in s phase

60
Q

Ki67

A

Nuclear protein expressed in all but G0

Determines # cells actively involved in cell cycle

61
Q

Agnor

A

Nucleolar structures involved in ribosomal RNA transcription

Correlated w RAte of proliferation

62
Q

Increased agnor and ki67 tell us what

A

Increased MCT recurrence
Increased mets
Increased MCT related death

If only ki67 >23 cells/grid – all three
If only agnor > 54 cells – inc tumor rec + death

63
Q

Grade 3 MCT w chemo

What was px

A

Tumor size (>3cm bad)
LN status assoc w PFS
Only LN status assoc w MST

PFI 3.3 v 11.6 m (w wo LN)
MST 6.5 v 16.8 m (LN mets)

Test Review (1 decks)

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