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Aviation Weather > Test Review > Flashcards

Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

Dry air

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% other gases

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2
Q

Natural air composition

A

Water vapor and condensation nuclei

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3
Q

Layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs

A

Troposphere

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4
Q

3 conditions that affect atmosphere circulation

A

Uneven heating, Coriolis, tilt of earth

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5
Q

Difference between C and M

A

Continental and maritime

Occurs over land and other over water

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6
Q

Difference between T and P

A

Tropical and Polar

Warm vs cold

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7
Q

4 types of heat transfer

A

Convection
Radiation
Advection
Conduction

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8
Q

How does temp inversión occur.

A

Increase of temp with altitude

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9
Q

Two types of temp inversion

A

Radiation and frontal

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10
Q

What would prevent radiation temp inversion from occurring?

A

Overcast clouds

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11
Q

What is the standard MSL pressure and millibars?

A

29.92 and 1013.2

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12
Q

How do isobars help show wind speed?

A

Closer they are the stronger and faster winds are

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13
Q

Low pressure description

A

Rising lifting pressure, worse weather

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14
Q

High pressure description

A

Decreasing pressure, better weather

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15
Q

What causes winds to flow across the isobars below 2000 AGL instead of going parralel?

A

Surface friction

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16
Q

Wind coming in right door

A

Going to high pressure, better weather

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17
Q

Wind coming from left door

A

Going into low pressure, worse weather

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18
Q

Evaporation description

A

Liquid to vapor/gas

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19
Q

Condensation description

A

Vapor to liquid (a cloud, visible moisture)

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20
Q

Sublimation description

A

Solid to Gas (dry ice)

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21
Q

Deposition description

A

Vapor to solid (snow)

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22
Q

What is the Adiabatic cooling process

A

Air changes without the addition or subtraction of heat

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23
Q

What term in the adiabatic process describes when the clouds form, temp and dew point are the same

A

Level of condensation

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24
Q

Difference between CU and CB

A

CU - cumuliform (only has updraft)

CB - cumulonimbus ( has moisture, rain, ice)

25
Q

NS

A

Nimbostratus, dense, threatening clouds

26
Q

ST

A

Stratus, horizontal without rain

27
Q

Primary cause of frontal weather

A

Lifting of warm moist air by colder dense air

28
Q

4 changes for frontal symbol

A

Temp, moisture, pressure, wind shift

29
Q

Which fronts have a temp inversion?

A

All

30
Q

Cold front description

A

1/80, steep slope, moves to SE, AVERAGE SPEED 25-30 KTS

31
Q

What is the wind direction change ahead vs behind a cold front

A

Behind winds from NW

In front winds are from SW 90º shift

32
Q

What happens in front of fast moving cold front?

A

Squall line, tornados, hail, destructive winds

33
Q

Warm front description

A

Shallow slope 1/200, moves to NE, slower than cold front, behind the front the winds come from the SW, in front of the front the winds are coming from the SE.

34
Q

Where does the warm front weather occur?

A

In front of the warm front

35
Q

Wind direction on either side of stationary front go what way?

A

Wind is parallel to the front and going opposite directions

36
Q

What front has the worst weather?

A

Occluded, has both cold and warm front weather

37
Q

When flying near a warm front, what are your action?

A

Have alternate landing location,

38
Q

When flying near cold front what are your actions?

A

Land and wait or circumnavigate

39
Q

What is your occlusion flight procedure

A

Circumnavigate or land and wait

40
Q

Easily recognizable indicators when flying through a front

A

Wind shift 90º

Temperature change

41
Q

4 conditions for formation of fog

A

Temp and dew point near 2º
Light surface wind
Cooling land surface
Condensation nuclei

42
Q

3 factors for dissipation

A

Strong winds
Heating
Greenhouse effect/overcast sky

43
Q

What prevents fog but can prevent dissipation of fog

A

Overcast sky/greenhouse effect

44
Q

What kind of fog is when moist air flows over cold surface?

A

Advection fog, happens near bodies of water

45
Q

What kind of fog happens through adiabatic cooling?

A

Upslope fog

46
Q

Fog that happens through deposition

A

Ice fog

47
Q

Radiation fog is caused by what process?

A

Radiation

48
Q

Small water droplets falling through inversion temp is what kind of fog?

A

Precipitation fog

49
Q

Difference between rime ice and clear ice

A

Rime is milky, caused by warm front, Small water droplets,

Clear is large and caused by freezing rain

50
Q

7 hazards of icing

A

Loss of visibility,
Loss of auto rotation,
increase in drag and weight,
Caused rotor blades to stall sooner

51
Q

If pilot systems get clogged what happens?

A

Airspeed indicator is affected

52
Q

3 conditions for thunderstorm to form

A

Unstable air,
high moisture,
lifting action

53
Q

3 categories of thunderstorms

A

Air mass
Orographic
Frontal

54
Q

3 stages of thunderstorms

A

Cumulus
Mature
Dissipating

55
Q

How do you know a cloud left cumulus stage for mature

A

Rain starts, up and down drafts, has the most turbulence

56
Q

Typical conditions for a dry microburst to occur

A

Mid summer
Between 11 am and 4 pm
Produced from a cumulus cloud,
Has a Virga (ring of dust)

57
Q

OWS FREEZING LEVEL CHART IS IN WHAT?

A

Thousands! 16 is read as 16,000

58
Q

First source for planning DOD flight

A

Local weather

Aviation Weather (2 decks)

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