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Nursing Science > Test Review > Flashcards

Test Review Flashcards

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0
Q

Safety issues in adolescents

A

Drinking/drugs
Safe sex
Peer pressure
Eating patterns

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1
Q

Safety is?

A

A basic need

Accidental injures are the leading cause of death between 1-34

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2
Q

Safety:older adults

A

Physical changes

Physiological changes

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3
Q

Safety:hospital based care

A

Nosocomial infection

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4
Q

Safety:infants

A

1 in 230 children are hospitalized for unintentional injury every year

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5
Q

SIDS

A

Sudden infant death syndrome
#1 cause of death in infants under one
Can’t be predicted or prevented

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6
Q

Reducing SIDS risks

A

Back to sleep
Safe sleep environment
Smoke free environment

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7
Q

Shaken baby syndrome

A

The body stops suddenly but the brain keeps moving

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8
Q

Reasons why shaken baby syndrome happens?

A

Frustration
Bills,money
Post-partum depression

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9
Q

Signs and symptoms of shaken baby syndrome

A

Brain damage
Can show sulu like symptoms
More symptoms for more damage that was done

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10
Q

Risk factors of shaken baby syndrome

A

Social isolation
Family violence
Substance abuse
Poor parental attachment to child

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11
Q

Average patterns of urination

A 
Volume 500ml per urination 
1500-1600ml a day total
Color
Clarity
Odour
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12
Q

Factors influencing urination

A 
Diseases 
Fluid balance 
Sweating-exercise,fever
Medication
Emotional stress
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13
Q

GFR?

A

Glomerular filtration rate

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14
Q

UTI’s

A

Most common pathogen escherchia coli
Pregnant women higher risk
Catheters
Prostatic hypertrophy

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15
Q

UTI symptoms

A

Fever,chills
Dysuria; pain while peeing
Cloudy urine
Older adults may be confused or have a change in mood

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16
Q

Prevention of UTI’s

A

Good hygiene
Wash/urinate before and after sex
Drink lots of water

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17
Q

Urinary incontinence

A

Involuntary loss of urine

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18
Q

Transient

A

Will resolve when cause gosh away

Example; UTI

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19
Q

Urge incontinence

A

Must go immediately

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20
Q

Functional incontience

A

Loss of function, cannot get to toilet on time(reduced mobility)

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21
Q

Overflow incontience

A

Over distension of bladder

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22
Q

Total incontinence

A

Continuous loss of urine- consider psychological impact on person

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23
Q

Urinary retention

A

Urine cannot come out of body insufficient quantity

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24
Q

Urinary diversions

A

Ureterostomy
Nephrostomy
Stoma

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25
Q

Nursing intervention

A

Assessment
Education
Intake-outtake
Bladder training

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26
Q

Urinalysis

A

Lab test to check urine

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27
Q

Colours of steal

A 
Red- fresh blood
Black- iron, high internal bleed
Maroon red- food, anal fissure, cancer
Green- foods, iron
Pale/clay stool- lack of bile salt
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28
Q

Factors affecting elimination

A 
Age 
Diet
Fluids
Physical activity 
Personal habits
Pain
Position
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29
Q

Bowel diversions

A

Stoma- artificial opening in abd. Wall
Ileostomy- surgical opening in ileum ( early in the small intestine)
Colostomy- surgical opening in the colon ( later in the small intestine)

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30
Q

Physical assessment(bowel)

A

Mouth
Abdomen- shape,symmetry,color,distension
Rectum- lesions,colour, haemorrhoids, inflammation

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31
Q

Lab tests(bowel)

A

Fecal occult blood testing (FOBT)
Endoscopy
X-ray contrast

32
Q

Nursing intervention(bowel)

A

Education re:diet, exercise
Medication
Enema
Electrolyte balance

33
Q

Body temperature

A

Core temp: 36c to 38c

Higher then 38c or pyrexia “febrile”

34
Q

Factors that affect temp

A

Age
hormones
Exercise

35
Q

Pulse

A

Number of heart beats per min(30 secs x 2)
Infant:120-160 bpm
School age: 75-100 bpm
Adult: 60-100 bpm

36
Q

Abnormal findings in pulse

A

Slow bradycardia

Fast tachycardia

37
Q

Ventilation

A

Movement of gases in and out of the lungs

38
Q

Diffusion

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide from air to blood

39
Q

Perfusion

A

Red blood cells through capillaries to tissue

40
Q

Respiratory rate

A

12-20 times a min

41
Q

Eupnea

A

Average depth of ventilation

42
Q

Apnea

A

Respirations stope then resume

43
Q

Cheyne-stokes respiration

A

Apnea then hyperventilation

44
Q

Factors affect respiration

A

Exercise
Anxiety
Smoking
Neurological injury

45
Q

Blood pressure

A

mmHg
Systolic: heart beat
Diastolic: relaxation in between
Pulse pressure: difference between systolic/diastolic

46
Q

factors affecting BP

A 
Age 
Stress
Exercise 
Gender
Weight
Smoking
47
Q

Spirituality is ?

A

The energy within each person that looks for meaning and purpose in life

48
Q

Religion is?

A

Expression of spirituality reflected in beliefs and practices uniting its adherents in the community

49
Q

The whole you (spiritual)

A

Emotional
Physical
Social
Intellectual

50
Q

Spiritual needs

A

Meaning and purpose in life
Giving and receiving love
Hope and creativity
Meaning of suffering

51
Q

Spiritual care

A 
A ministry of caring
Promotes healing
Ecumenical/ multi-faith 
Respect for life 
Holistic: body-mind-spirit
52
Q

Cultural care

A

Values of the individual first

Beliefs and practices of the culture second

53
Q

Pieces assessment tool

A 
Physical 
Intellectual 
Emotional 
Capabilities 
Environmental 
Social/spiritual/sexual
54
Q

Wellness

A

Homeostasis: balance and harmony
Mental out look
Sense of hope
Social support

55
Q

Quality of life

A

Focussed on today, not yesterday or tomorrow
Seeks well-being-holistic health
Seeks peace with “what is”

56
Q

Sources of spiritual support

A

Worship services
Music,poetry
Talking to friends

57
Q

Grief

A

Normal response to loss

58
Q

Loss

A

Death
Divorce
Retirement
Loss of job

59
Q

Symptoms of grief

A

Feeling
Thoughts
Physical
Behaviours

60
Q

Stages of grief

A 
Denial
anger
Bargaining 
Depression
Acceptance
61
Q

Anticipatory grief

A

Grieving prior to actual death

Awareness patient is going to die

62
Q

4 tasks of grief

A

1) accept the reality of the loss
2) experience the pain of the loss
3) adjust to environment where the deceased is missing
4) withdraw emotional energy from deceased and invest in new relationships and activities

63
Q

Process of recovery

A

May be considered complete when a person is able to reinvest in life, having energy, not just for survival but also for enhancing life

64
Q

Brock cottage

A

Patients who are admitted have already been through 7-8 various treatments already

65
Q

Addiction is…

A
  1. Primary: The addiction is a problem in and of itself; it is not a symptom of another problem.
  2. Chronic: It will never go away.
  3. Genetic: It is influenced by genetic factors.
  4. Progressive: Develops and worsens over time.
  5. Fatal: Can lead to death.
66
Q

Addiction theory

A

Less ‘feel good’ chemicals in the brain such as dopamine and serotonin, so substances will be abused in order to mimic those neurotransmitter receptors in the brain to obtain that same feeling.

67
Q

Stages of additions- prodromal phase

A

a. Occasional use will lead to relief use, which develops into constant use.
b. Persons will begin to build a tolerance; therefore it takes more of the substance to get the same effect. They will begin to feel remorse; this can eventually lead to concealing use of the substance.

68
Q

Stages of addiction- crucial phase

A

a. Impaired or loss of control over use.
b. Persons will begin to rationalize the use; celebrations, stress, relaxation etc.
c. Denial, think that no one will find out, and that its not hurting anyone.
d. Attempts to quit.
e. Self-pity and isolation can occur.

69
Q

Stages of addiction- chronic phase

A

a. Longer binges will occur.
b. Persons will begin to lower standards, such as abusing mouthwash in order to get the alcohol.
c. Persons will go through withdrawal if they attempt to quit.
d. Emotional and spiritual bankruptcy will occur; depression, fear and anxiety.

70
Q

Recovery

A

Recovery occurs in the mind, body and spirit, and recognition that addiction is a disease and that you are a good person.

71
Q

Use

A

Use of substances as prescribed, comes with no consequences.

72
Q

Misuse

A

Not used as prescribed, such as taking meds early or more than recommended. This will cause one to think more about the drug, and it is something that is unintended to happen.

73
Q

Abuse

A

Completely changing the administration of the drug. There is a complete preoccupation and mental obsession with the substance leading to obvious consequences.

74
Q

Dependence

A

This is when one is physically dependent to a drug, and will experience withdrawal symptoms.

75
Q

Speaker notes- Ian

A
  • Whole family was affected, kids couldn’t bring friends home, and wife considered suicide.
  • Only way to make yourself feel better was to drink.
  • Started to have feelings of guilt, which lead to more alcohol.
  • People lost trust in him, and he lost relationships.
  • Completed 21 day “spindry” which did not work.
  • Went to Brock Cottage
76
Q

Recovery

A

Change in attitude enough to change behaviour

77
Q

Speaker notes - Daniel

A

• An addict will be sent to an assessment and referral agency which leads to a typical treatment of 21 days, which allow no phones, and is like a school setting of all day treatment.
• Detox is now called medical withdrawal management.
o Alcohol is the most dangerous drug to come off of; it has many negative side effects such as seizures.

78
Q

Addiction

A

Continued use or behaviour despite negative life consequences

Nursing Science (1 decks)

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