Test review #2 Race, Class, and CRIME

Question 1

What is President’s Task Force on 21st-Century Policing?

Answer 1

The first-ever national commission or task force exclusively devoted to policing. It was a way to improve policing and relations with communities of color.

Question 2

What changing demographic of the US presents a challenge for police?

Answer 2

A contextual approach to policing presents a full picture of policing and all the different racial and ethnic groups in the United States.

Question 3

How do African Americans consistently feel like the police treat them?

Answer 3

Mistrust/discrimination/treated unfairly

Question 4

What race or ethnic group has the least contact with police comparatively?

Answer 4

Asians

Question 5

What has historically been the most explosive issue in community policing relations?

Answer 5

Use of excessive force.

Question 6

What data does the FBI not include in arrest data?

Answer 6

Racial disparities in arrests for some crimes (robbery), but not for all crimes.

Question 7

What police action does the term ‘driving while black’ refer to?

Answer 7

Racial profiling from the use of race and ethnicity as part of a profile of criminal suspects. African Americans and Hispanics drivers stopped because of their race and ethnicity.

Question 8

What makes community policing effective?

Answer 8

Diversifying police departments helps change preexisting, less community-oriented attitudes.

Question 9

What effect does economic class have on how people of color view the police?

Answer 9

Stopping someone who appears out of place causing people of color to feel discriminated against and stereotyped based on how they look.

Question 10

What grants a defendant the right to counsel?

Answer 10

If you can’t afford to hire an attorney.

Question 11

What race is more likely to be detained pending trial?

Answer 11

African Americans and Hispanics

Question 12

In most states, what percentage of felony cases are dismissed before a finding of guilt or innocence?

Answer 12

46%-69%

Question 13

What effect does pre-trial detention have on the outcome of a case?

Answer 13

Seriousness of the charges, offender’s criminal justice status/criminal history, offender’s gender, and whether the offender had a private attorney

Question 14

What effect does race have on bail decisions?

Answer 14

Whether the defendant was released on his or her own recognize, whether the court set monetary bail; the amount of bail required; and whether the defendant was held in custody pending trial.

Question 15

What other factor besides race affects the outcome of a criminal case?

Answer 15

The likelihood that the defendant would appear in court or on predictions of the defendant’s dangerousness. Their communities ties

Question 16

Where are jury pool names drawn from?

Answer 16

They are drawn randomly by voting records, automobile registrations, or other lists of community residents.

Question 17

What is meant by the phrase ‘Playing the race card?

Answer 17

The phrase means representing African Americans accused of victimizing whites. It can also be a prosecutorial appeal to someone’s bias. Exploitation of racist and anti-racist attitudes in the audience. Falsely accusing person of being raicst to get an advantage.

Question 18

What was the courts’ argument in the Hernandez v. State case?

Answer 18

Hernandez vs. State Mexican people are not a separate race, but are white people of Spanish descent. In contemplation of the Fourteenth Amendment, Mexicans are members of and within classification of the white race.

Question 19

What role does race play in jury selection?

Answer 19

Eliminate illegal exclusion and discrimination in jury selection

Question 20

What has been the effect of the Batson Case?

Answer 20

Ban the use of peremptory challenges because it’s inadequate to eliminate racial discrimination and underrepresentation of racial minorities

Question 21

How can preemptory challenges be used?

Answer 21

Racially discriminatory manner involving challenges without case/ explanation/ judicial scrutiny. It is used to strike racial minorities from the jury pool.

Question 22

Who is generally underrepresented in jury pools?

Answer 22

Racial minorities and poor people

Question 23

What does the highly publicized exoneration of individuals demonstrate regarding race?

Answer 23

The disparity of interracial sexual assault because of misidentification, unavailability of DNA