Test Review 2 Flashcards
what is lordosis?
(Excessive convex backward)
increased concavity (lumbar) (or cervical)
exaggerated lumbar curvature
(swayback)
what is kyphosis?
(Excessive convex forward)
increased (exaggerated) convexity in the thoracic area
(humpback)
what is scoliosis?
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
what is spondylosisthesis?
anterior slippage of vertebral body (over another)
what are the two parts of a typical vertebrae?
what about size?
vertebral body (anterior element)
vertebral arch (posterior element)
size of vertebrae increases as you move from superior to inferior (cervical to lumbar)
how many vertebrae for each parts of the spine?
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
what is spondylosis?
unilateral or bilateral stress fx/defect of the pars interarticularis
which lumbar vertebrae is the largest?
why?
L5
due to its transverse process
what is the artery that supplies to the spinal cord?
anterior & posterior spinal artery
segmental arteries
intercoastal arteries (thoracic)
lumbar arteries (lumbar)
Main: Great anterior radicular artery (artery of Adamkiewicz)
what is the main artery of the spine?
Where does it supply?
What can happen if this is injured?
Great anterior radicular artery (artery of Adamkiewicz)
main blood supply to inferior 2/3 of spinal cord
(injury to this causes total paralysis of lower limbs)
lateral masses articulate with pelvis to form?
sacroiliac joints
(Hip bone (Ilium) + sacrum)
what portion of the spine supports the weight of the body?
L5-S1 responsible for carry entire weight of upper body
what is the brachial plexus injury?
how can this happen?
what can be the end result?
some or all communication between the spinal cord and the arm, wrist, & hand are cut off
accidents, trauma, or unrelated operations
amputation if unsuccessful (if nerve is not reconnected)
what are the shoulder girdle articulations?
clavicle (connects upper limb to trunk of body), scapula (posterior), and humerus (proximal) connects to shoulder)
what is the name of the fibrocartilaginous ring that surrounds the Glenoid Fossa?
glenoid labrum
what type of joint is the hip?
ball and socket joint (synovial)
what type of joint is the wrist?
ellipsoid or condyloid (radiocarpal)
pivot or trochoidal (distal/proximal radioulnar)
what type of joint is the elbow?
what does the radioulnar & radiohumeral joint aide in?
complex hinge (pivot)
supination & pronation
what type of joints are the MCP?
DIP/PIP?
CMC?
ellipsoid or condyloid
hinge or ginglymus
1st is saddle or sellar
2-5 plane or gliding
Superior articular surfaces of both condyles has a flattened surface called:
tibial plateau’s
how many tarsal bones are there?
what are there names?
7
talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, & lateral, intermediate, medial cuneiforms
where is the capitulum located?
where is the radial fossa located?
distal lateral humerus
superior to capitulum
where is the greater tubercle located?
lesser tubercle?
Proximal humerus (external rotation)
Proximal humerus (internal humerus)
where is the intertubercular groove located?
what is another name for this?
Between the two tubercles
bicipital groove
what is the name of the robot for the orthopedic surgeries?
Mako hip + knee
what is the main artery of the lower limb?
femoral artery
what connects into the shoulder girdle?
What connects the upper limbs to the body?
proximal humerus
Sternoclavicular joint
what does the pedicle connect?
laminia?
vertebral body & transverse process
Transverse process & spinous process
how many carpals bones are there?
what are there names?
8 carpals, 2 rows (proximal & distal)
proximal: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, & pisiform
distal: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
