Test Questions Flashcards
A researcher is gathering information for a study to determine if adolescents experience depression more than middle aged adults. The researcher observes & records behavior exhibited by both groups. Which research design does this exemplify? A. Descriptive Research B. Experimental Research C. Case-Study Research D. Cross-Cultural Research
A.
Descriptive Research
During which period of prenatal development do the connections form between neurons? A. Germinal Period B. Embroyonic Period C. Fetal Period D. Zygotic Period
C,
Fetal Period
Which genetic condition is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of lipids in the nervous system, leading to deceleration of mental and physical development? A. Phenylktonuria B. Cystic Fibrosis C. Spina Difida D. Tay-Sachs Disease
D.
Tay-Sachs Disease
Which 2 events occur after the language milestones of an infant’s first spoken words? (2 answers)
A. Two-word utterances
B. Change from universal linguist to language
specific language
C. Rapid expansion of word comprehension
D. Onset of word comprehension
A and C
Two-word utterances
Rapid expansion of word comprehension
Durning which age do infants typically develop pincer grip? A. 2-3 months B. 4-5 months C. 6-7 months D. 8-9 months
D.
8-9 months
What would a freightened infant seek from a caregiver, based on Harlow's research study on attachment? A. Warmth and comfort B. Food C. Responsiveness D. Emotional Stimulation
A.
Warmth and comfort
Which characteristic do people who experience maltreatment as children experience more difficulty with as adults?
A. Establishing close relationships
B. Developing a sense of gender indentity
C. Incorporating aspects of spirituality in daily life
D. Achieving a sense of fulfillment
A.
Establishing close relationships
Which attitude do first born children tend to exhibit more of than their younger siblings? A. Agreeablility B. Conscientiousness C. Rebeliousness D. Helplessness
B,
Conscientiousness
Which approach to understanding thought depicts development as a series of distinct stages?
A Information processing
B. Vygotsky’s social contructivist approach
C. Piaget’s cognitive development theory
D. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence
C.
Piaget’s cognitive development theory
How does working memory function according to Baddeley’s model?
A. It allows short term memory to intergrate and function optimally.
B. It acts as a mental space for assembling and manipulating decision making information.
C. It allows the child to engage in multiple activities at the same time.
D. It acts as a bridge between short term memory and long term memory.
B.
It acts as a mental space for assembling and manipulating decision making information.
What is the meaning of seriation in the context of Piaget’s concrete operational stage?
A. To order stimuli along a quantitative dimension.
B. To understand specific conclusions by logically
combining relationships.
C. To maniuplate data in a singular directional sequence.
D. To classify an object by focusing on its membership in a hierarchy.
A.
To order stimuli along a quantitative dimension.
What is a characteristic of children with an intellectual diability?
A. They usually display mastery in a single domain.
B. They usually have difficulity adapting to every day life.
C. Most are unable to communicate using language.
D. Most first manifest the disorder during adolescence.
B.
They usually have difficulty adapting to every day life.
How can a caregiver help a child successfully complete Erikson’s fourth stage of development?
A. Encourage the child to make or build things
B. Provide support for role exploration
C. Spend time with the child to maintain attachments.
D. Allow ample time for the child to complete activities.
A.
Encourage the child to make or build things.
Which factor has been linked to depression in adolescents?
A. A lack of communication between adolscents and
their parents about problems.
B. Adolescents participating in too many extra
curricular activities.
C. A surge in hormone levels
D. Consumption of high fat, low nutrient meals.
A.
A lack of communication between adolescents and their parents about problems.
Which factor is related to early sexual activity in adolescents?
A. Later physical maturation in males
B. Other risky behaviors such as drug use
C. High Levels of parental control and monitoring
D. Diffuse sexual activity
B.
Other risky behaviors such as drug use.
What does being tough and masculine have to do with causes of juvenile delinquency?
A. Among lower socioeconomic groups, boys who
accomplish delinquent acts are considered to be
tough and masculine and celebrated for those
quailities.
B. In lower socioeconomic areas, these traits are
considered normal behavior for gang members, who
are frequently involved in deliquent acts.
C. These traits are typically exhibited by boys from low
income households who perform deliquent acts as
a means of increasing their self esteem.
D. These traits lead to feelings of alienation that often
motivate delinquent behavior.
A.
Among lower socioeconomic groups, boys who accomplish delinquent acts are considered to be tough and masculine and celebrated for those quailities.
Which theory describes the cognitive development of young adults as logical, idealistic and abstract?
A. Erikson’s psychosocial theory
B. Piaget’s formal operational stage theory
C. Freud’s oral stage theory
D. Vygotsky’s sociaocultural theory
B.
Piaget’s formal operational stage theory
Which example illustrates an affect of sociohistorical context on the impact of life events?
A. Divorce is more stressful for couples who have been
married for decades than for couples who have
been married for only a few years.
B. The death of a loved one is less stressful when
there is extensive family support.
C. Couples cope more effectively with divorce in the
present day Western world than in the 1950’s.
D. Individuals with poor health cope less well with job
loss than individuals with good health.
C.
Couples cope more effectively with divorce in the present day Western world than in the 1950’s
How does aging affect cognitive functing in middle age, according to the Seattle Longitudal Sutdy?
A. Inductive reasoning and spatial orientation abilities
decrease.
B. Number manipulation and preceptual speed abilities
decrease.
C. Verbal comprehension and verbal memory abilities
decrease.
D. Verbal memory and spatial orientation abilities
decrease.
B.
Number manipulation and preceptual speed abilities decrease.
What is one way that the life review process in Erikson’s eighth stage of development can have a negative effect on older adults?
A. They might dwell on the need to contribute to the
next generation and be unable to find ways to help
others.
B. They might dwell on their inability to form intimate
relationships with family and friends and be unable
to avoid isolation.
C. They might dwell on regrets and be unable to find
meaning and significance in their life history.
D. They might dwell on feelings of inferiority and feel
they are no longer competent or productive.
A.
They might dwell on regrets and be unable to find meaning and significance in their life history.
How does Alzheimer’s disease affect intelligence? (2 answers)
A. It hampers the individual’s ability to focus their
attention.
B. It triggers a degeneration of dopamine producing
neurons.
C. It causes a deterioration in the individual’s ability to
reason.
D. It contributes to a gradual deterioration of memory.
C and D
It causes a deterioration in the individual’s ability to reason.
It contributes to a gradual deterioration of memory.
What is one purpose of hospice care?
A. To allow people to die by removing life-sustaining
devices.
B. To cure illness and provide treatment.
C. To allow painless death by lethal injection
D. To reduce pain and help individuals die with dignity
D.
To reduce pain and help individuals die with dignity
What theory of human development was proposed by Jean Piaget? A. Cognitive developmental theory B. Psychosocial theory C. Psychoanalytic theory D. Socio-cultural cognitive theory
A.
Cognitive developmental theory
Which statement characterizes the debate about the nature-nuture issue?
A. It involves the extent to which heredity and the
environment influence development.
B. It addresses the degree to which early triats persist
through life or continue to develop.
C. It considers whether plasticity occurs in stages or
develops continously.
D. It addresses whether development is gradual or
adrupt
A.
It involves the extent to which heredity and the environment influence development.
How many genotypes and phenotypes differ in relation to the varibility of human characteristics?
A. Genotypes are expressions of phenotypes;
phenotypes represent the genetic make up of
individuals.
B. Genotypes represent only recessive human
characteristics; phenotypes represent only
dominant human characteristics.
C. Genotypes are static; phenotypes occur as a
product of genetic imprinting.
D. Genotypes represent the gentic make up of
individuals’; phenotypes are physical characteristics.
D
Genotypes represent the gentic make up of individuals’ phenotypes are physical characteristics.
What is an example of cephalocaudal pattern of growhth and motor development in infants?
A. Crawling before grasping objects with hands.
B. Using fingers before using whole hands.
C. Controlloing trunk muscles before legs and feet.
D. Controlling legs and feet before arms and hands.
C.
Controlling trunk muscles before legs and feet
What infant behavior is an example of accommodation as described by Piaget’s theory?
A. Breastfeeding after crying
B. Leaning to drink from a straw, not bottle or breast
C. Sucking randomly on fingers
D. Pulling on the mother’s shirt to find the breast
B.
Learning to drink from a straw, not bottle or breast
