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Neuro test 3 > test questions > Flashcards

test questions Flashcards

1
Q

CNIII nerve innervates what

A

four of the six extra ocular muscles

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2
Q

Once fibers leave the brainstem, CNIII projects to the

A

ipsilateral eye

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3
Q

CNIII is responsible for

A

much movement of the eye vertically or medially can be impaired if there is a CNIII lesion

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4
Q

what is the visceral motor function of CNIII

A

pupillary sphincter

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5
Q

what cranial nerve serves to function some voluntary muscles of the eyeball

A

CNIII

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6
Q

what function does the voluntary muscles in CNIII have

A

lifts upper eyelid (levator palpebrae superioris)

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7
Q

what do the involuntary muscles of CNIII do

A

pupil control (iris) and lens accommodation (ciliary muscle)

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8
Q

what clinical issues arise from lesions of CNIII

A

UMN impairment is rare due to bilateral innervation from the corticobullar tract, with LMN you will see the eyeball pulled laterally and downward, diplopia, ptosis, widely dilated pupils, difficulty with visual accommodation, and blurred vision

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9
Q

what does CNIV innervate

A

superior oblique muscles of the eye. small because it is only responsible for one muscle

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10
Q

what level is CNIV located

A

inferior colliculus

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11
Q

CNIV helps move eyes

A

downward and laterally

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12
Q

damage to CNIV results in

A

paralyzed muscle, difficulty turning the eye downward and laterally, eye is fixed in a upward medial position, and diplopia

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13
Q

what is the largest of the cranial nerves

A

CNV–trigeminal

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14
Q

where does CNV emerge from

A

mid lateral surface of the pons

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15
Q

three branches of CNV are

A

opthalamic branch, maxillary branch, mandibular branch

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16
Q

opthalamic branch is

A

sensory only, from scalp, forehead, upper eyelid, cornea, nose, nasal mucosa, frontal sinuses dura meninges, and blood vessels

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17
Q

maxillary branch is

A

sensation of maxilla and maxillary sinus, mucous membranes of the mouth, nasal cavity, palate, nasopharynx, teeth, inferior portion of auditory meatus, face, the meninges of anterior and middle cranial fossa.

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18
Q

mandibular branch has

A

motor functions at midpoint and innervates the muscles of mastication, tensor tympani, and the tensor veil palatini

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19
Q

CNV what sensory functions does it have

A

◦ transmission of pain
◦ thermal and tactile sensation from the face and forehead
◦ mucous membranes of the nose and mouth
◦ teeth
◦ portions of the cranial dura
◦ deep pressure and kinesthetic info. from teeth, gums, hard palate, and temperomandibular joint
◦ sensation from the stretch receptors in the jaw

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20
Q

CNVI innervates

A

ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle of the eye

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21
Q

what is CNVI’s function

A

abducts eye and helps with bilateral eye coordination

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22
Q

CNVI has some fibers that project to

A

the contralateral oculomotor nucleus

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23
Q

injury to CNVI results in

A

paralyzed muscle, difficulty turning the eye laterally, eventually the eye will be pulled medially, diplopia

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24
Q

CNVII innervates

A

ipsilateral muscles of facial expression and a small muscle in the ear called the stapedius

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25
Q

Damage to this nucleus of CNVII or the facial motor nerve fibers results

A

in weakness on the entire ipsilateral half of the face (also excessive secretions and loss of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue), These lesions can affect all voluntary, emotional, and reflex movements, and atrophy occurs, resulting in facial asymmetry, Fasciculations can be seen in the perioral area and chin

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26
Q

Visceral efferent fibers of CNVII does what

A

produce saliva

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27
Q

Somatic sensory Fibers of CNVII is

A

from skin of outer ear (spinal trigeminal nucleaus)

28
Q

Visceral/Special sensory fibers of CNVII are located in

A

parts of the nasal cavity, soft palate, and taste buds from anterior 2/3 of tongue (solitary nucleus)

29
Q

Bell’s Palsy- Associated with

A

facial nerve dysfunction is a LMN syndrome (sudden onset of ipsilateral paralysis upper and lower face)

30
Q

Visceral sensory fibers of CNIX innervate (7)

A

Carotid body; medial surface of the eardrum; walls of the pharynx; taste buds, posterior 1/3 of the tongue; innervates the chemoreceptors and pressure receptors of the blood vessels

31
Q

Visceral motor functions of CNIX

A

autonomic: Responsible for salivation of the parotid gland which is innervated by the Inferior Salivatory Nucleus

32
Q

Somatosensory functions (innervates) of CNIX

A

The Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus is responsible for process a small area behind the outer ear

33
Q

Branchial motor functions (innervates) of CNIX

A

Stylopharyngeus which is a small muscle that helps elevate the pharynx during speaking and swallowing

34
Q

damage to CNIX can result in

A

usually accompanied by damage to Cranial nerve X. Most common is reduced pharyngeal sensation and reduced gag reflex. Can also affect pharyngeal elevation during the swallow (the motor aspects). Can show excessive salivation (especially during bilateral innervation)

35
Q

CNX is

A

Vagus–A very complex mixed motor and sensory nerve that has very long axons. Very important in speech production.

36
Q

most widely distributed of the cranial nerves

A

CNX, Vagus. vagus means wandering

37
Q

motor and sensory fibers of CNX innervate

A

soft palate, pharynx, larynx

38
Q

This Visceral Motor Nerve of CNX innervates

A

parasympathetic functions over most of the internal organs and glands from the larynx to the intestines.

39
Q

Visceral Sensory Fibers of CNX innervate

A

the thoracic and abdominal viscera, including pressure receptors and chemoreceptors of the aortic arch as well as some of the taste buds of the epiglottis

40
Q

Branchial Motor Fibers innervate

A

most of the striated muscles of the larynx and pharynx

41
Q

A ____ gag reflex response is the ____ response to the stimulation in the back of the ____. what cranial nerve

A

bilateral, efferent, pharynx, CNX (Vagus)

42
Q

CNX (____ nerve) emerges from _____ ____ of _____ & then branches off three ways

A

vagus, lateral aspect, medulla

43
Q

three branches of CNX

A

Pharyngeal branch, Superior Laryngeal Branch, Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

44
Q

Responsible for pharyngeal constriction and retraction and elevation of the soft palate during speech and swallowing. Also innervates the palatoglossus of the tongue.

A

Pharyngeal branch

45
Q

Pharyngeal branch is responsible for

A

pharyngeal constriction and retraction and elevation of the soft palate during speech and swallowing.

46
Q

Superior Laryngeal Branch forms

A

internal and external laryngeal nerves

47
Q

internal nerves of the superior laryngeal branch is/functions

A

pure sensory, carries sensation from the mucous membrane lining the larynx down to the vocal folds, epiglottis, base of tongue, aryepiglottic folds, and dorsum of the arytenoid cartilage. It also transmits sensory information from the muscle spindles and other stretch receptors in the larynx.

48
Q

external nerves of the superior laryngeal branch does what

A

supplies the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and the cricothyroid muscle. It lengthens the vocal folds and is important in pitch adjustments.

49
Q

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve innervates

A

all of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid muscle. There is also a sensory function of some of the fibers which transmit info. from vocal folds and larynx.

50
Q

What is responsible for all laryngeal motor activities involved in phonation & swallowing?

A

Superior and Recurrent Laryngeal nerves

51
Q

there is a cranial and spinal portion to this nerve

A

CN XI

52
Q

the cranial portion of CNXI

A

o Fibers go to uvula, levator veli palatini, and intrinsic laryngeal muscle and these fibers intermingle with fibers from the vagus nerve
o Its branches join or become part of the superior and recurrent laryngeal branches of the vagus.

53
Q

the spinal portion of CNXI

A

o The cell bodies are located in the ventral horn of the first 5-6 cervical segments of the spinal cord (arises from the spinal accessory nucleus). They innervate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle.

54
Q

damage to CNXI will result in

A

o weaken head rotation towards the side opposite of the lesion.
o It can reduce the ability to to elevate or shrug the shoulders on the side of the lesion.
o lesions on the left side will have difficulty moving head to the right, etc.

55
Q

Spinal nerves of CNXI are indirectly involved in……….directly the way they impact speech is through…..

A

voice, resonance, and articulation.

respiratory control

56
Q

CNXII innervates

A

ipsilateral tongue muscles

57
Q

CNXII enters ____ from ____ and supplies its _____ muscle and most of its _____ muscles.

A

tongue, below, intrinsic, extrinsic

58
Q

Fibers of CNXII originate in the _____ nucleus

A

Hypoglossal

59
Q

damage to CNXII would

A

Damage to the hypoglossal nerve would cause weakness and atrophy in the ipsilateral tongue and upon protruding the tongue it would deviate to the side of the weakness.

60
Q

Processes pain, temp., mechanoreception from somatic structures (skin, muscles, joints)

A

Somatic Afferent

61
Q

Receptors in visceral structures (walls of digestive tracts)

A

Visceral Afferent

62
Q

Fibers that innervate skeletal muscles, process motor commands

A

Somatic Efferent

63
Q

Autonomic fibers that innervate smooth muscle and glands

A

Visceral Efferent

64
Q

Fibers related to special senses of sight, hearing, and equilibrium

A

Special Somatic Afferent (SSA)

65
Q

Special Visceral Afferent (SVA)

A

Special senses smell and taste

66
Q

Branchiomeric visceral efferent

A

These fibers innervate branchiomeric muscles (they are identical to skeletal muscles however, they are special muscles associated with the head and face such as the larynx, pharynx, and face). These are often referred to as visceral special efferent because they are close to the mouth which is considered the juncture of somatic /visceral structures

Neuro test 3 (1 decks)

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