test questions

Question 1

In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? The interior is

Answer 1

Negatively charged and contains less sodium

Question 2

Which of the following is not characteristic of neurons?

Answer 2

They are mitotic.

Question 3

An impulse from one nerve cell is communicated to another nerve cell via the ________.

Answer 3

Synapse

Question 4

What does the central nervous system use to determine the strength of a stimulus?

Answer 4

Frequency of action potentials

Question 5

The autonomic nervous system is under voluntary control; whereas, the somatic nervous system is involuntary.

Answer 5

False

Question 6

What are ciliated CNS neuroglia that play an active role in moving the cerebrospinal fluid called?

Answer 6

Ependymal cells

Question 7

Which ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential and participates in the generation and conduction of action potentials?

Answer 7

Voltage-gated channel

Question 8

Myelination of the nerve fibers in the central nervous system is the job of the oligodendrocyte.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Axon diameter and degree of myelination determine nerve impulse conduction velocity.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

The period after an initial stimulus when a neuron is not sensitive to another stimulus is the ________.

Answer 10

Absolute refractory period

Question 11

Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

Immediately after an action potential has peaked, which cellular gates open?

Answer 12

Potassium

Question 13

If bacteria invaded the CNS tissue, microglia would migrate to the area to engulf and destroy them.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Large-diameter nerve fibers conduct impulses much faster than small-diameter fibers.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Which of the following is not a function of astrocytes?

Answer 15

Provide the defense for the CNS

Question 16

The term central nervous system refers to the

Answer 16

Brain and spinal cord

Question 17

The substance released at axon terminals to propagate a nervous impulse is called a(n) ________.

Answer 17

Neurotransmitter

Question 18

A postsynaptic potential is a graded potential that is the result of a neurotransmitter released into the synapse between two neurons.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

A stimulus traveling toward a synapse appears to open calcium ion channels at the presynaptic end, which in turn promotes fusion of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Efferent nerve fibers may be described as motor nerve fibers.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Projection fibers in the brain mainly connect the right and left hemispheres.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

The vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________.

Answer 22

Medulla

Question 23

Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________.

Answer 23

Gyri

Question 24

The central sulcus separates which lobes?

Answer 24

Frontal from parietal

Question 25

Meningitis is the most accurate term for inflammation of neurons

Answer 25

False

Question 26

The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alertness of the cerebral cortex is the ________.

Answer 26

Reticular formation

Question 27

Nuclei relating to the startle reflex are located in the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective, brain.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Which fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres?

Answer 29

Longitudinal fissure

Question 30

Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges?

Answer 31

Arachnoid and pia

Question 32

Which of the following is not a function of the CSF?

Answer 32

Initiation of some nerve impulses

Question 33

The brain stem consists of the ________.

Answer 33

Midbrain, medulla, and pons

Question 34

The three basic regions of the cerebrum are the cerebral cortical gray matter, internal white matter, and the superior and inferior colliculi.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

A disturbance of posture, muscle tremors at rest, and uncontrolled muscle contraction are all symptoms of damage to the basal nuclei.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles, might suggest damage to the ________.

Answer 36

Premotor cortex

Question 37

The arbor vitae refers to ________.

Answer 37

Cerebellar white matter

Question 38

Commissural fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon.

Answer 38

False

Question 39

What cells line the ventricles of the brain?

Answer 39

Ependymal cells

Question 40

The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________.

Answer 40

Lateral sulcus

Question 41

One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in the control of the rate and depth of breathing.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 42

Innervation of skeletal muscle

Question 43

During depolarization, the inside of the neuron's membrane becomes less negative.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

Saltatory conduction is made possible by ________.

Answer 44

The myelin sheath

Question 45

In myelinated axons the voltage-regulated sodium channels are concentrated at the nodes of Ranvier.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

A shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a ________.

Answer 46

Sulcus

Question 47

Collections of nerve cell bodies outside the central nervous system are called ________.

Answer 47

Ganglia

Question 48

Broca's area ________.

Answer 48

Is considered a motor speech area

Question 49

Schwann cells are functionally similar to ________.

Answer 49

Oligodendrocytes

Question 50

The primary auditory cortex is located in the ________.

Answer 50

Temporal lobe

Question 51

The action potential is caused by permeability changes in the plasma membrane.

Answer 51

True