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STEP 3 > Test Q > Flashcards

Test Q Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis tx?

A

erythromycin or polymyxin drops first line. FLUOROQUINOLONES if contacts (pseudomonas coverage)

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2
Q

Complication of bacterial conjunctivitis?

A

keratitis! (corneal inflammation)

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3
Q

Acute Chest Syndrome

A

vaso-occlusion of pulmonary system.

Etiology: Adults (fat emboli) , Child (infection)

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4
Q

PEDS sepsis:

Most common organisms?
Empiric Abx?

(<28 days, >28 days)

A

<28 days: E. Coli, GBS. Amp + Gentamicin or cefotaxime

> 28 days: Strep pneumo, Neiseria meningitidis. CTX or cefotaxime + Vanc (if meningeal involvement)

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5
Q

Sjogren’s disease

A

Chronic, autoimmune. eye dryness, mouth dryness.

Anti-Ro/SSA, anti-LA/SSB antibodies. At higher risk for B-cell lymphoma (5%)

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6
Q

Spinal stenosis imaging?

A

MRI

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7
Q

Scoliosis - red flag sxs?

A

Back pain, neuro sxs, rapidly progressing sxs, vertebral anomalies on XR

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8
Q

Untreated celiac dz complication?

A

T-cell lymphoma - typically at jejunum

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9
Q

DM medication and heart failure risk?

A

pioglitazone (PPAR-y agonists)

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10
Q

Anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies?

A

SLE

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11
Q

Anti-centromere antibodies?

A

CREST

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12
Q

Anti-mitochondrial?

A

primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)

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13
Q

Anti-smith antibodies?

A

SLE (less sensitivity vs anti double stranded DNA

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14
Q

SLE treatments?

A

Prednisone is helpful for inflammation as other medications start.

Hydroxychloroquine is good for serositis, cutaneous sxs, arthralgias.

Cyclophosphamide is good for more serious sxs (nephritis, CNS, vasculitis)

Methotrexate is for significant organ involvement

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15
Q

Primary Biliary Cholangitis

A

Autoimmune disease with inflammation and obliteration of intrahepatic bile ducts» cirrhosis.

+Xanthelasma
Elev alk phos, positive anti-MITOCHONDRIAL antibody.

Tx: ursodeoxycholic acid, liver transplant

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16
Q

Two types of acute severe anemia in sickle cell disease?

A
  1. Aplastic crisis (low reticulocytes) - secondary to parvo infection
  2. Splenic sequestration crisis (high retic) - enlarging spleen
17
Q

Lyme Arthritis

A

elevated synovial fluid WBC, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and western blot

18
Q

Chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto)

A

HYPO-thyroid sxs, diffuse goiter.

Positive TPO antibody, radio-iodine uptake variable

19
Q

Painless thyroiditis

A

brief hyperthyroid phase, small and nontender goiter

Positive TPO Ab, low radio-iodine uptake

20
Q

Subacute thyroiditis (de quervain thyroiditis)

A

Post viral. HYPERthyroid sx.

Painful/tender goiter.

Low radioiodine uptake.

Self-limited- can give NSIADs, BB.

21
Q

Risk of hormone therapy (estrogen, progesterone)

A

Beneficial: menopausal sx relief, bone mass/fractures, colon caner, T2DM, all cause mortality (age <60)

Detrimental: DVT, breast cancer, CAD, Stroke, gall bladder

22
Q

Most common allergy for asthma?

A

House dust mites

23
Q

Elevated AFP, decreased AFP?

A

Elevated: open NTD, ventral wall defects, multiple gestations.

Decreased: aneuploidies

Next steps: repeat testing, US

24
Q

Involuntary closure of the eye?

A

Blepharospasm- tx with botox

25
Q

How to treat catatonia?

A

Benzos, eletroconvulsive therapy

26
Q

Restless legs. Tx?

A

Associated with iron deficiency, uremia, DM, MS, parkinson, pregnancy, drugs.

Tx: iron supplementation if ferritin <75, supportive, aovid factors. Dopamine agonists, calcium channel ligans

27
Q

TSH management/ goals after thyroid cancer tx?

A

Small tumors: target TSH 0.1-0.5 for 6-12 months then low normal range

Med: target TSH 0.1-0.5

Large: target TSH <0.1

28
Q

Congenital Toxoplasmosis

A

Risks: raw/undercooked meat, dirt produce, cat poop

Triad: chorioretinitis, diffuse intracranial calcifications, hydrocephalus

Other clinical features: microcephaly, macrocephaly, seizures

29
Q

Septic Arthritis: most common pathogens?

Empiric coverage?

A

Staph Aureus, Strep pneumo, Strep pyo.

Tx w/ VANC

30
Q

Pertussis tx

A

Macrolides : azithromycin

31
Q

Non-caseating granulomas?

A

SARCOIDOSIS

32
Q

Hypercalcemia on EKG?

A

shortened QT!

33
Q

Korsakoff syndrome?

A

Chronic thiamine deficiency, mammillary body atrophy.

34
Q

Abx tx for fever intrapartum and postpartum?

A

Intra: amp + gent
Post: clinda+gent

35
Q

Sickle cell trait HB

A

HbA 60: HbS 40

36
Q

Hypercalcemia tx?

A

If Ca >14, tx with bisphosphonates like zoledronic acid

37
Q

Meningococcal ppx?

A

rifampin, CTX, ciprofloxacin

STEP 3 (1 decks)

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