Test Prep Flashcards
The appraisal process of USPAP defines two separate and definite actions by an appraiser…
development and reporting
_________ data is used to form conclusions regarding the status of market elements and any change that is or has occured, as well as any change anticipated.
General
______________ is the legally permissible, physically possible, financially feasible, and most profitable use of a property.
Highest and best use
Highest and best use is defined by what four factors?
P - Physically Possible
L - Legally Permissible
E - Economically Feasible
M - Most profitable use
The opinion of highest and best use is critical to the selection of __________ ______ ______ and comparable data used in the _____ ________ approach.
appropriate valuation methods / sales comparison
An important decision made in forming opinions regarding highest and best use of improved properties is whether the improvements should _______, be _________ to another use, or _______.
remain / converted / razed
The primary problem identification elements considered when making the scope of work decisions are :
I - Intended Use
I - Intended User
T - Type and definition of value
R - Relevant property characteristics
Conclusions derived from the valuation approaches are reconciled to arrive at the final _______ __ _____ .
opinion of value
________ data covers all relevant information unique to the subject property and the comparable data.
Specific
A _________ condition assumes something is present that is known to be false.
hypothetical
_________ data includes demographics, economic data, and interest rates.
General
A ______ __ _____ decision is formed by the conclusions formed in defining the problem.
scope of work
The final analysis in the valuation process is _________ .
reconciliation
Joan is performing an exterior inspection for an appraisal. She will probably use an ____________ in the final opinion of value.
extraordinary assumption
The ________ _____ of the appraisal is a key determinant of the research and analysis performed during the appraisal’s development.
intended use
The purpose of an appraisal is always to develop a value opinion for a _______ _____ __ _____ .
Defined type of value .
The _______ _____ of the value opinion must be identified during problem identification and clearly stated in the appraisal report.
effective date
An example of a ________ interest might be a life estate, a lease, or subsurface rights.
partial
The appraisal report must be ________, _________, and not __________ .
clear, accurate, and not misleading
The report must contain __________ ___________ to be understood properly by the intended user.
sufficient information
The appraisal report must disclose any _________ assupmtions, __________ conditions, or other assignment _________ that directly affect the appraisal.
extraordinary / hypothetical / conditions
The purpose of an appraisal should always be to develop an ________ __ ______ appropriate to the intended use of the appraisal.
opinion of value
An appraisal report can be ________ or ______ .
written or oral
The primary problem identification elements considered when making the scope of work decision are:
- Extent to which the property is identified
- Extent to which the property is inspected
- Type and extent of data researched
- Type and extent of data applied
The scope of work determined by the appraiser is considered appropriate when it _______ ___ ______ the expectations of those who are regularaly intended users, and what the appraiser’s ______ actions would be in the same or similar situations.
meets or exceeds / peers
Broad forces that affect value (_PEGS)_
P - Physical
E - Economic
G - Governmental
S - Soicial
All written real property appraisal reports must contain a ________ and _______ _________ .
signed and dated certification.
The ___________ section of the ETHICS RULE requires that fees, commissions, or things of value relating to the procurement of an assignment must be _________ .
Management / disclosed
A _______ is an area consisting of one particular land use, such as a multi-family residential, commercial, and industrial, etc.
District
A ________ is a compilation or a group of complimentary uses. The complimentary uses could be a mix of residential, commercial, service, as well as other ammenities.
Neighborhood
A _________ _____ is the broadest of all terms identifying the boundaries of a particular area.
Market Area
When jurisdictional excemption is an assignment condition, the report must include a…
citation of the law or regulation requiring the exception.
The decision of which approaches to use in an assignment is primarily driven by
scope of work
Building inspections differ from home inspections in the building inspectors do not inform _________ _______ of _______ ________ .
prospective buyers /future problems
(they only check and ensure that current building standards are complied with)
The lot and block system is a type of legal description used for _________ _______ . Platted property is any property that has been _________ from a large tract into smaller lots.
platted property / subdivided
CC&Rs
Covenants, Conditions, and Restrictions
(Today, subdivision or condo developers impose most private restrictions by recording a declaration of CC&Rs)
The purpose of CC&Rs is to keep the subdivision _________ and to protect the ________ ______ of the properties.
attractive / market value
__________ is the dimension across the access side of a parcel of land (usually along the road)
Frontage
When a lot size is stated, the first number is the ____ ________ .
lot frontage.
P.O.B.
Point of beginning
(used in metes and bounds system)
The ________ and _______ ________ is a type of legal description that starts at an easily identifiable point of beginning (P.O.B), then describes the property’s boundaries in terms of compass directions and distances ultimately returning to the P.O.B.
Metes and Bounds System
A pre-existing condition allowed to continue under old laws, even though laws have since changed in referred to as ___________ .
“Grandfathered”
The Government Survey System is also known as the ___________ _______ _______ .
Rectangular Survey System
__________ ________ _______ is a legal description for land referencing principal meridians and base lines designated throughout the country.
Government Survey System
_________ ___ is property that does not conform to current zoning laws, but it is allowed because the property was being used that way before the new zoning law was passed.
Nonconforming Use
____ - _____ zoning refers to a hierarchal organization of zoning. It travels in only one direction. Those zone classifications above the current one are permitted.
Pass-through zoning
______ ________ _____ is residential space that is finished, livable, and above grade.
Gross Living Area
(Garages, finished basements, and storage areas usually do not count as GLA)
Temporary use of a property while it awaits conversion to its highest and best use (e.g. waiting for a zoning change, accumulation of invesmtne dollars, etc.).
Interim Use
ANSI standards define “________ _____ “ as an enclosed area in a house suitable for year-round use, embodying walls, floors, and ceilings that are similar to the rest of the house.
finished area
Areas below grade are not included as finished floor area, according to ____ standards.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
_______ ___ refers to the year the improvements were constructed.
Actual Age
_________ ____ is the difference between the total economic life and the remaining economic life, and reflects all forms of deterioration and obselescence
Effective Age
What are the 3 forms of obsolescence?
Physical, functional, and external.
With vacant land in an area that is changing, growing, or expanding, ________ ____ _____ ____ can be a significant point that needs to be addressed.
highest-and-best use
The _________ __ _________ ___ implies that the land cannot be valued for one use while the improvements are valued for another use.
Principle of Consistent Use
The first step when building a new house is
doing research and planning.
Which type of roof allows for vaulted ceilings?
Sloped joist
A roof’s pitch is the vertical rise of the roof in ______ per horizontal _____ .
inch / foot
The highest and best use test of “legally permissible” includes which consideration?
a - allowable to zoning
b - hazard insurance could be obtained
c - police protection is available
d - title is free of encumbrances
Allowable to zoning
A ranch-style home is typically ____ floor level.
one
A Cape Cod style home is typically _______ stories
one-and-a-half
The type of construction for which Fannie Mae has specific guidelines is
manufactured
Which type of construction framing is assembled one story at a time with each story serving as the base for the next story?
Platform
__________ is a process in which an appraiser identifies a probable value range, most often by identifying values of properties that are inferior and those that are superior.
Bracketing
Properties that possess many of the same appeal factors, but the buyer for one property may not necessarily be interested in
Comparable Properties
Properties that compete head-to-head. A potential buyer for one property would also be interested in this property.
Competitive Properties
A variable often observed through multiple regression; for example, as the size increases, the unit cost decreases.
Economies of Scale
Standards Rule 1-4(a) of USPAP simply requires the appraiser to…
“Analyze such comparable sales data as are available”.