Test Part 1 - Dev Flashcards
Test Part 1
With which other bones do the Parietal bones articulate with? 2 marks
Frontal, Sphenoid, Temporal and Occiput
Where is the;
a) Coronal Suture
b) Metopic Suture
1 Mark each
a) Between the frontal and parietal bones B) From the nasion to the bregma along the midline of the frontal bone. Bonus) metopic suture is usually undetectable by age 2 and fully fused by age 8, remains open in 1 in 12 adults.
What 3 characteristics do you first look for when tuning into a cranio-sacral system? 3 marks
Quality, Symmetry, Motion
Where is the Jugular Foramen located and what 2 bones form it? 2 marks
Sits in the floor of the posterior cranial fossa, anterio-lateral to the Foramen Magnum and is formed between the occiput and temporal bones where the occipito-mastoid suture opens out to form the Jugular Foramen.
Bonus) It provides passage for the Internal Jugular vein and CN IX, X, XII.
What is the most significant factor required to be a practitioner in order to enable effective engagement? 1 Mark
Calm, quiet, presence.
What are the clinoid processes and what attaches to them? 2 marks
There are 2 anterior clinoid processes and 2 posterior clinoid processes, each are a bony projections from the 4 corners of the Sella Turica on the superior aspect of the body of the sphenoid. The Tentorium Cerebelli attaches to the clinoid processes. It is a double layered membrane and the superior layer connects to the anterior clinoid proceses, while the inferior layer connect to the posterior clinoid processes. Bonus) The Diaphragma Sellae is a small membranous sheet that stretches across the 4 clinoid process and down the sides of the sphenoid body and covers the pituitary gland and stalk which ensures it stays in subarachnoid space and can be washed in CSF.
Name the 4 portions of the occiput? 2 marks
Squamous portion; 2 condylar portions; basilar portion.
Where is the Spheno-Basilar Synchrondosis located? 2 marks
Between the body of the sphenoid and basilar portion of occiput and anterior to the foramen magnum. Bonus) SBS is a cartilaginous joint. It is the fulcrum of the whole bony system. It is the reference from which cranial sacral motion is named.
To which bones does the Tentorium Cerebelli attach? 2 marks
Occiput; Parietals; Temporals; Sphenoid
To which bones do the Falx Cerebri attach? 2 marks
Ethmoid; Frontal; Parietal; Occiput BONUS) It attaches from the cristi galli of the ethmoid, along the midline of the frontal bone, along the midline under the sagittal suture of the parietal bone, and down along the midline of the occiput - as far as the internal occipital protuberance and confluence of sinuses.
How is CSF produced? Where is CSF mainly located? 1 Mark each
CSF is extracted from arterial blood via the choroid plexi in the 4 ventricles of the brain leaving a clear colourless fluid. CSF is located in the ventricular and subarachnoid spaces.
pg 42 CSIF
Where is the straight sinus? 2 marks
Passes along border BETWEEN falx cerebri; falx cerebelli; tentorium cerebelli - drains posteriorly to CONFLUENCE OF SINUSES
Give the approximate rate of the 3 rhythms: 1) CS rhythm 2) Middle Tide 3) Long Tide 1 Mark each
1) 5-10 secs 2) 20-25 secs 3) 100 secs
What steps would you take to connect to the mid tide? 3 marks
Relax; ground; breathe - relax diaphragm; Ask system if it wants to show mid tide; Let attention drift; offer space; Open attention out
What is meant by the reciprocal tension membrane system? 2 marks
The system of continuously interconnected membranes (dura, arachnoid, pia) which surround the central nervous system and form intracranial infoldings of the falx cerebri, falx cerebelli, tentorium cerebelli, and which attach to the bones of the cranial and sacrum. Tensions anywhere in the membrane system are transmitted reciprocally throughout the rest of the membrane system.
Describe the temporal bone motion in flexion/expansion and extension/contraction? 3 marks
Flexion/ Expansion - The temporal bones externally rotate along the crooked axis of the Petrous ridge , the squamous portions rotating forward and out, while the mastoid portions move medially. Extension/ Contraction - The squamous portions internally rotate and the mastoid tips move laterally. Bonus) most bones widen into expansion and the mastoid tips are distinctive as they narrow. As the temporals extend out into external rotation the tentorium flattens as it is stretched laterally, with corresponding consequences thruout the RTMS.
In what direction is the ear hold carried out? 2 marks
It draws the ears laterally and slightly posteriorly. So with patient on the coach this means to invite the ears to draw out and down, out at an angle down towards the couch.
List the 6 fundamental principles of CS treatment? 6 marks
Engage; Allow; Follow; Stillness; Release; Reorganise
What steps would you take to help yourself to become more grounded during a treatment sessions? 4 marks
Return to own fulcrums; back of heart space; anchor through feet and sitting bones to earth; relax diaphragm if holding; letting go physically; deepen breathe;
Explain the importance of stillness in CS therapy? 3 marks
Practitioner; True inner stillness (CQP) of the practitioner is fundamental to the cranio-sacral process, the vital factor in the healing process. Still Points; Stillness within rhythmic motion. It is primarily at these points of stillness that healing occurs. Stillness always preceeds release. Dynamic stillness - there is a dynamism in the stillness, rather than just a stoppage. The deepest healing occurs in the deepest stillness. Where stillness can pervade the whole room and nothing else seems to exist other than the universal matrix. Patient; A patient may not always be still, e.g. children, stress, trauma; emphasising the importance of practitioner stillness. Environment; A still environment is preferable but optional, a practitioner can operate at Piccadilly Circus from their own inner stillness.
What is vitality?
Expressed as rhythmic motion and is a reflection of the vital force or aliveness of individual.
What is CS integration
Engages with inherent natural forces - manifesting as rhythmic motion - to promote vitality and it’s free flow as the source of healing. CSI integrates the whole person rather than treating symptoms. Integrates the whole person within the context of their life. Incorporates whole spectrum of CS approaches.
What is the anatomical CS system made of?
The Membranes; Bones of Cranium and Sacrum; CSF fluid; Fascia. The membranes system which surrounds and envelops the central nervous system. The bones of the cranium and sacrum which attach to the membrane system. CSF which is contained in the membrane system. The fascia which radiates our from the membrane system to all parts of the body.
What is the matrix?
The matrix is an energetic field comprised of forces of nature that enable life and create and maintain our individual vitality. There is an Embryonic matrix into which the physical body grows. The individual matrix is a force field within which our physical body and its immediate surrounding exist. The universal matrix is the universal field of forces within which the natural world forms and develops including every living things individual matrix.
