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Test Over Presentations Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Phylum Chordata

A
  • gill slits
  • post anal tail
  • paired limbs
  • endoskeleton
  • notochord
  • ventral heart
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1
Q

Trema

A

Hole

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2
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Agnatha

A
  • circular mouth *
  • eel shaped
  • gill pouches*
  • notochord still exists in adulthood
  • cartilage skeleton*
  • no paired fins
  • long intestine, no stomach
  • no scales
  • hermaphrodites*

Hagfish
Lampreys

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3
Q

Phylum Mullusca

A
  • invertebrate*
  • visceral mass (organs)
  • mantle - extends body*
    • secretes shell* - ink*
    • ctenidia - gills/lungs
  • radula (chitin)
  • lack body segments*
  • oviparous
  • hermaphroditic/single sex
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4
Q

Phylum Echinodermata

A
  • endoskeleton*
  • radial symmetry*
  • recreate body parts
  • simple nervous invertebrate
  • tube feet*
  • complete digestive tube, no excretory system
  • no brain*
  • marine
  • sexual - gather in group females release eggs, males release sperm
  • filter feeder*
  • nerve net throughout body system
  • embryos start splitting same as humans
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5
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

A
  • chitin exoskeleton
  • highly active
  • contractile heart
  • growth –> molt
  • open circulatory
  • well developed organs
  • segmented
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6
Q

aria

A

Like or connected

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7
Q

uro-

A

Tail

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8
Q

echino

A

Prickly, spiny

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9
Q

mollis-

A

Soft

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10
Q

stoma

A

Mouth

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11
Q

meros

A

Thigh/leg

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12
Q

Phylum Arthropoda
Class Chilopoda
Centipedes

A
  • tracheal respiration
  • 1 pair of legs per segment*
  • antennae*
  • long, flat body - faster*
  • predators- carnivores
  • moist terrestrial*
  • indirect fertilization*
  • oviparous
  • eyes
  • unisexual*
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13
Q 
Class mammalia
Subclass monotremata
A
  • lay eggs
  • lactate, no defined nipples
  • lack teeth as adults
  • walk like a reptile
  • oviparous
  • terrestrial and aquatic

Platypus

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14
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Insecta

A
  • 3 pairs of legs*
  • 3 segmented body parts
    1) head 2) thorax 3) abdomen
  • wings*
  • compound and simple eyes
  • antennae*
  • metamorphosis* Incomplete, complete
  • chitin pus covering - hard and transparent
  • tracheal respiration
  • internal fertilization
  • oviparous
  • terrestrial
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15
Q

Phylum Mollusca subgroups

A
  • chitons
    - -> many shell/plates, marine, along shore, open circulatory
  • snails/slugs
    - -> move on belly, one shell (snails), open circulatory
  • clams/oysters/mussels
    - -> 2 shells, open circulatory
  • squids/octopus/cuttlefish
    - -> internal shells, closed circulatory, unisexual, produce ink, change color
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16
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Diplopoda

A

Millipedes and myriapods

  • every segment has 2 pairs of feet*
  • round and tall - burrowing and bulldozers*
  • dark, moist areas under stonoslogs
  • decomposers*
  • antennae
  • tracheal system- tubes with openings*
  • slower*
  • internal fertilization
  • separate sexes
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17
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Crustacea

A
  • invertebrate
  • gills*
  • chewing jaws*
  • 3 body segments
    - head (antennae) (mandibles)
    - thorax
    - abdomen
  • Shed/regrow exoskeleton*
  • autonomy - break off appendage and grow back
  • aquatic
  • regrow exoskeleton under sand
    - vulnerable
  • oviparous
  • unisexual

Crabs
Lobster
Plankton
Roly poly

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18
Q

Phylum Porifera

A
  • aquatic invertebrate animals (sponges)
  • radial symmetry*
  • feed by filtering bacteria from water that passes through
  • classified by make of grains: calcite, glassy silica, spongin
  • honeycomb - like surface
  • no true tissue or organs, simple skeleton
  • asconoid- small tube, simplest
  • syconoid - tubular with single osculum
  • leuconoid - colonial mass
  • sessile, aquatic
  • Brown sponge, Dead man’s fingers
  • toxins to deter predators
  • simplest animas
  • budding*
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19
Q

3 subgroups of Porifera

A
  1. calcium: limestone/chalky
  2. glass: silica
  3. spongey: spongin
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20
Q

incomplete metamorphosis

A

egg –> nymph –> adult

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21
Q

-sis

A

process

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22
Q
  • gnath
A

jaw

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23
Q

nemato cysts

A

thread cell

Phylum cnidaria

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24
Q

in -

A

into

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25
Q

ventral

A

belly side

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26
Q

arthr -

A

joint

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27
Q

dorsal

A

back side

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28
Q

lateral

A

along the side

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29
Q

posterior

A

butt end

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30
Q

anterior

A

head end

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31
Q

pelvic

A

lower limbs attach

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32
Q

cephalo

A

head

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33
Q

pectoral

A

upper limbs attach

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34
Q

meta-

A

change

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35
Q

helminthes

A

warm

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36
Q

swim bladder

A

gas filled chamber that lets fish float

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37
Q

Class mammalia
Subclass Metatheria
(Marsupial)

A
  • non placental mammals
  • external pouch
  • embryos born premature then attaches to nipple
  • viviparous
  • finish developing in pouch
  • feed, leather, fur, injury to livestock

Kangaroo
Opposum

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38
Q

Class Reptilia characteristics

A
  • scales*
  • paired limbs - 5 toes
  • well developed wings*
  • internal fertilization, amniote egg*
  • oviparous*
  • ectothermic*
  • 3 - 4 chambered heart*
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39
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Reptilia

A

dinosaurs extinct!

first to live exclusively on land

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40
Q

cephalo

A

head

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41
Q

chord

A

chord

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42
Q

dermata

A

skin

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43
Q

Class Reptilia

A
  • snakes/lizards
  • turtles/turtoises
  • crocodiles/alligators
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44
Q

theria

A

beast

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45
Q

class mammalia

A
  • marsupials - kangaroo/Opposum
  • monotremes - platypus
  • placental - humans/dogs/cows
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46
Q

Class amphibia

A
  • frogs/toads
  • salamanders
  • caecelians
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47
Q

Class chondrichthyes

A

Sharks

Rays

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48
Q

Class osteichthyes

A

Salmon
Eels
Tuna
ect.

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49
Q

Subphylum urochordata

A

tunicates

sea squirts

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50
Q

Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
complete metamorphosis

A

egg –> larva –> pupa –> adult

(resting)

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51
Q

Phylum Echinodermata subgroups

A
  • starfish/brittle stars
    • predators
    • crown of thorns - resp. arrest
  • Sea lilies
  • Sea urchin
  • Sea cucumber
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52
Q

Phylum Mollusca have. . .

A

visceral mass
mantle
head
foot

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53
Q

birds importance to humans

A

food
hunting
controlling insect/rodent population
pets

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54
Q

Major characteristics of birds

A
  • lightweight (hollow) bones
  • feathers
  • endothermic (controls own temperature)
  • excellent hearing and vision
  • 4 chambered heart
  • terrestrial and aerial
  • fertilize internally
  • amniotic eggs - calcium shell
  • standardized common names
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55
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Arachnida

A
  • 4 pairs of legs
  • vectors for disease
    - ticks/mits
    Lym
  • no antennae
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56
Q

Roti

A

wheel

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57
Q

poda

A

foot

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58
Q

ata

A

group

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59
Q

caudal

A

tail

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60
Q

Subphylum Cephalochordata

A

lancelets

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61
Q

Phylum Arthropoda

Class Merostomata

A
  • marine
  • living fossil
  • exoskeleton
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62
Q

Phylum Rotifera

A
  • microscopic
  • short lives
  • only produce females
  • cilia that create a whirlpool
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63
Q

morph

A

shape

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64
Q

sect

A

cut in 3 sections

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65
Q

chilo

A

up

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66
Q

crust

A

tough outer layer

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67
Q

Class Agnatha

A

lampreys and hagfish

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68
Q

Phylum Mollusca

A

chitons
clams/oysters/mussels
snails/slugs
octopus/squid

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69
Q

Phylum Echinodermata

A
  • starfish
  • sea lilies
  • sea urchin
  • sea cucumbers
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70
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A

Planaria
Flukes
Tapeworms

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71
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class osteichthyes

A
  • internal skeleton bones*
  • ectothermic (temperature is dependent on environment)*
  • fusiform
  • paired fins
  • scales
  • gills*
  • operculum*
  • swim bladder*
  • 2 chamber heart
  • aquatic
  • unisexual
  • external fertilization
  • oviparous
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72
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Chondrichthyes

A
  • cartilage skeleton*
  • living fossils
  • gills, no ribs
  • oviparous or viviparous
  • ectothermic
  • liver oil for buoyancy
  • can’t stop swimming
  • aquatic - marine
  • poor eye sight
  • internal fertilization
  • 2 chamber heart
  • scales
  • swim continuously

Sharks/Rays

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73
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class amphibia

A
  • ectothermic*
  • no scales
  • 3 chamber heart*
  • smooth/moist skin - no scale
  • gills/lungs/ skin for respiration*
  • aquatic and terrestrial
  • oviparous in water*
  • metamorphosis*
  • internal/external fertilization*

Frogs
Salamanders

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74
Q

Class Crustacea

A

Crabs
Lobsters
Shrimp
etc

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75
Q

Class arachnida

A

ticks/mites
spiders
scorpions
daddy long legs

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76
Q

Class Merostomata

A

Horseshoe crabs

77
Q

Phylum Nematoda

A
  • hookworms (in soil)
  • pinworms (indigestive)
  • Trichinella (infected pork)
Heart worms
Round worms (contaminated soil)
78
Q

Phylum Cnidaria

A

Jellyfish
Coral
Anemones

79
Q

Phylum Porifera

A

Sponges

80
Q

Phylum Annelida

A
  • Marine worms
  • earthworms
  • leeches
81
Q

Class Chilopoda

A

Centipedes

82
Q

Class Diplopoda

A

Millipedes

83
Q

fere

A

bearing

84
Q

porus

A

pore

85
Q

Knide

A

nettle

irritate/annoy

86
Q

metamorphosis

A

change
shape
process

87
Q

platy

A

flat

88
Q

fera

A

to bear

89
Q

challenges moving to land

A
  • gravity (legs support body weight)
  • breathing air (developing lungs)
  • changing temperature
90
Q

Phylum Arthropoda
Class Insecta
incomplete metamorphosis

A

egg –> nymph –> adult

(wings)

91
Q

advantages of endoskeleton

A
  • allows for larger body size
  • better support for body
  • greater range of movement
92
Q

common characteristics of mammals

A
  • hair
  • moveable eyelids
  • external fleshy ears
  • 4 chamber heart
  • endothermic (more active)
  • separate sexes
  • internal fertilization
  • mammary gland
    • milk to feed young
  • 2 sets of teeth
    • adults and baby
93
Q

Hagfish

A
  • Scavengers Agnatha
  • Slime glands
  • eat dead fish
  • no eyes
  • whiskers on mouth
94
Q

ecto

A

outside

95
Q

Lampreys

A
  • parasites Agnatha
  • oval discs with sharp teeth
  • attach to live fish
  • have eyes
96
Q

Tube feet

A

Phylum Echinodermata

Suction cup with water pressure used for everything

97
Q

Adults and larva insects eat

A

different things

98
Q

bio

A

life

99
Q

feathers

A

provide insulation enable flight

100
Q

precocial birds

A

active and independent after hatching

ducks, geese, chickens, penguins
eggs hatch on the ground

101
Q

Altricial birds

A

naked and helpless
songbirds, hawks
(eggs hatch in tree)

102
Q

What do the feet tell us?

A

Where the spend their time

103
Q

What do the beaks determine?

A

What it eats

104
Q

Kansas State bird

A

meadowlark

105
Q

ability to fly

A
  • hollow bones
  • wings
  • feathers
  • one way respiratory systems
106
Q

bilateral

A

2 sides, split in half

107
Q

unisexual

A

either male or female

108
Q

ichthyes

A

fish

109
Q

chondri-

A

cartilage

110
Q

repto

A

to creep or crawl

111
Q

medusae

A

free-moving

112
Q

viviparous

A

live to bare

live birth

113
Q

Endoparasite

A

inside the host

114
Q

lateral line

A
  • detects food
  • detects vibrations
  • sense of smell
  • bad vision
115
Q

contour

A

water proof covering

116
Q

uric acid

A

solid-like urine

doesn’t have water

117
Q

Cloaca

A

Common opening for reproduction/excretion

118
Q

Basking

A

increase body temperature

reptiles use this to regulate body temperature

119
Q

Kansas State reptile

A

box turtle

120
Q

Prevents water loss in reptiles

A

scaly skin

uric acid

121
Q

Reptilia subgroups

A
  • snakes/lizards
  • turtles
  • crocodiles/alligators
122
Q

hemolytic venom

A

effects the blood system

123
Q

neurotoxic venom

A

effects the nervous system

124
Q

oviparous

A

egg to bare

lay eggs

125
Q

endo

A

inside

126
Q

Brooding

A

mother snakes stay with eggs

127
Q

mamma -

A

breast

128
Q

marsupia

A

pouch/purse

129
Q

mono -

A

single

130
Q

placental mammals

A
  • viviparous
  • placenta provides nourishment for developing young
  • more developed when born
131
Q

Precocial mammals

A
  • potential prey, herbivores

- cows, zebras, dolphins

132
Q

altricial mammals

A
  • carnivores, born blind

- cats, dogs, and mice

133
Q

most marsupials live

A

Australia

134
Q

Scales on reptiles

A
  • help hold in water

- protection

135
Q

mealworm colony

A
  • food: oat bran/oatmeal
  • water: potatoes
  • container: tall buck
  • mealworms
    - eggs
136
Q

Poda

A

foot

137
Q

milli

A

1,000

138
Q

Pupa stage

A

resting

139
Q

Simple eye

A

focus on image

140
Q

Compound eyes

A

detect movement

multiple lenses

141
Q

Centi

A

100

142
Q

Antennae

A

used to detect chemicals, touch

like a nose/tongue

143
Q

Flight feathers

A

Flying (lift)

144
Q

Altricial

A

Naked and helpless

145
Q

Precocial

A

Active and independent

146
Q

Ectoparasite

A

Outside the host

147
Q

asc

A

sac

148
Q

Ovoviviparous

A

egg live to bare

eggs hatch inside

149
Q

Hermaphrodite or bisexual

A

both male and female parts

150
Q

parasitic

A

requires a host

151
Q

Free-living

A

One location to another

152
Q

Sessile

A

Doesn’t move

153
Q

Down feathers

A

Warmth/insulation

154
Q

amphi-

A

double

155
Q

Complete metamorphosis

A

egg –> larva –> pupa –> adult

156
Q

Amphibians live

A

Part on land, part in water

Must go to water to lay eggs

157
Q

polyps

A

stationary

158
Q

mealworms

A

larva stage of a beetle

159
Q

Mealworm advantages in classroom

A
  • common foods
  • neither stage bites
  • adults don’t fly
160
Q

Juvenile salamander

A

mudpuppy

161
Q

Life cycle of amphibians

A

egg –> juvenile –> adult

162
Q

anamniotic eggs

A

No nutrient fluid why eggs are laid in water

163
Q

Cartilage fish don’t have

A
  • swim bladder (can’t float)

- operculum

164
Q

Fusiform

A

efficient for swimming

165
Q

osteo -

A

bone

166
Q

Radial

A

More than one axis to divide

167
Q

Life cycle of bony fish

A

fertilized egg –> larvae –> juvenile –> adult

168
Q

aves

A

birds

169
Q

mouth size of fish tells

A

what size of food

170
Q

mouth direction of fish

A

where in the water the eat at

171
Q

eu-

A

true/good

172
Q

anal fin

A

towards the back of the fish on the side

173
Q

pelvic fin

A

towards the middle of the fish on the side

174
Q

Pectoral fin

A

towards the front of the fish on the sides

175
Q

Caudal fin

A

At the end of the fish

176
Q

Dorsal fin

A

On the top of the fish

177
Q

a-

A

without

178
Q

Vertebrae

A

Backbone

179
Q

Diplo-

A

double/two

180
Q

Phylum Chordata

Subphylum Vertebrata

A
  • notochord
  • gill slits
  • ventral heart
  • endoskeleton
  • paired limbs
  • post-anal tail
  • integument - skin
  • well conducted movement
  • excretion of waste
  • all automatic functions
  • 3 body segments
    • head, trunk, post-anal tail
181
Q

Phylum Annelida

A
  • muscles move in 2 direction
    - contract/extend
  • closed circulatory
  • hermphroditic
  • turn over soil/ parasitic
182
Q

Phylum Nematoda

A

Complete digestive

simple nervous

183
Q

Phylum Platyhelminthes

A
  • harmful to humans
    • tapeworms “diet pill”
  • hermophrodite
  • parasitic
184
Q

Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Subphylum Urochordata

A
  • No backbone
  • hermaphroditic
  • notochord
  • gill slits
185
Q

Phylum Cnidaria

A
  • Stinging - celled animals
  • nerve net
  • nematocysts
  • no excretory or respiratory systems
  • no organs
  • unisexual/bisexual
  • budding or sexual reproduction

Jellyfish
Coral
Anemones

186
Q

nemat

A

thread

187
Q

anne

A

little rings

188
Q

Operculum

A
  • bony plate that covers the gills
  • protection
  • moves water over gills to get oxygen
189
Q

Needed for reptiles to dwell exclusively on land

A
  • well developed lungs
  • uric acid
  • scaly skin
  • amniotic eggs
190
Q

Feeding habits of insects

A
  • Chew
  • siphon
  • sponge
  • lapping
  • piercing - sucking

field and lab biology (1 decks)

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