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General Chemistry Sem 1 > Test One Worksheet 5 Molecular and Ionic Compounds > Flashcards

Test One Worksheet 5 Molecular and Ionic Compounds Flashcards

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1
Q

Combustion Reaction:

A

Compound + O₂ → H₂0 + CO₂

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2
Q

Molecular Formula

A

Shows the exact number of atoms in one molecule

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3
Q

Structural Formula:

A

Shows how atoms are connected together

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4
Q

Naming Molecular Compounds:

A

1) The elements that combine to form binary molecular compounds are both nonmetals

2) Name the first element

3) Name the second element, changing the end of its name to -ide

4) Use prefixes to denote multiple atoms

5) Tips: Generally omit mono- for first element.

6) Oxides: If second element ends with vowel, eliminate the last letter of -o or -a in prefix when naming

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5
Q

Mono-

A

One

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6
Q

Di-

A

Two

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7
Q

Tri-

A

Three

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8
Q

Tetra-

A

Four

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9
Q

Penta-

A

Five

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10
Q

Hexa-

A

Six

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11
Q

Hepta-

A

Seven

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12
Q

Octa-

A

Eight

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13
Q

Nona-

A

Nine

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14
Q

Deca-

A

Ten

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15
Q

SO₄

A

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Tetroxide

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16
Q

SO₅

A

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Pentoxide

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17
Q

SO

A

1) Sulfur Oxygen
2) Sulfur Oxide
3) Sulfur Monoxide

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18
Q

B₂H₆

A

Diborane

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19
Q

SiH₄

A

Silane

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20
Q

NH₃

A

Ammonia

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21
Q

PH₃

A

Phosphine

22
Q

H₂0

A

Water

23
Q

H₂S

A

Hydrogen sulfide

24
Q

Polyatomic (Molecular) Ions

A

Molecular compounds that have a charge
Both positive and negative
Same element with different number of oxygens, -ate vs. -ite

25
Q

Naming Molecular Acids. Simple Acids:

A

1) Have hydrogen attached to single anion
2) Take anion name
3) Combine second element name with hydro-
4) Replace -ide with -ic acid

26
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

27
Q

Naming Oxoacids- Hydrogen attached to polyatomic ion with oxygens

A

1) NO hydro-
2) -ate turns to -ic
3) -ite turns to -ous

28
Q

H₂SO₃

A

1) recognize SO₃ is a polyatomic ion with an oxygen
2) its name when looked up is Sulfite
3) Sulfite → Sulfurous acid

29
Q

Empirical Formula

A

Whole-number ratio of elements in molecular compound

30
Q

Molecular Formula

A

Exact number of each element in a molecular compound

31
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Combination of oppositely charge ions which make an ionic bond

32
Q

Ionic Compound

A

Metal and non-metal, Metal and polyatomic ion

33
Q

Ionic bonds

A

electrons are not shared

34
Q

Ionic compounds

A

made up of cations and anions

35
Q

Ionic compounds

A

Charges of anions and cations must balance

36
Q

Formula for Al³⁺ and CO₃²⁻

A

Al₂(CO₃)₃

37
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

Lattice, (structured packing of cations and anions), highly ordered ratio of ions ∴ only empirical formulas are used with ionic compounds

38
Q

Cations

A

Positive

39
Q

Anions

A

Negative

40
Q

Naming Ionic Compounds:

A

1) Name the first element
2) Add -ide on the end of the name of the second element
3) Add a roman numeral for first element if can have more than one charge

41
Q

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) MgCl₂

A

1) Magnesium Chloride

42
Q

Ionic Compounds

A

DO NOT USE PREFIXES

43
Q

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) FeSO₄

A

Iron (II) Sulfate

44
Q

Naming Ionic Compounds Ex) CrS

A

1) Chromium + Sulfur
2) Chromium (II) Sulfide

45
Q

Cr₂S₃

A

Chromium (III) Sulfide

46
Q

ClO₃-

A

Chlorate Base ion -ate

47
Q

ClO₂-

A

Chlorite Ion with one less oxygen -ite

48
Q

ClO₄-

A

Perchlorate (Ion with one more oxygen)

49
Q

ClO-

A

Hypochlorite (keep the -ite and add the hypo)

50
Q

Naming Hydrates

A

Ionic compounds that have a specified number of water molecules within their lattice

51
Q

Hydrate example: LiCl * H₂0

A

lithium chloride monohydrate

52
Q

HClO

A

hypochlorous acid

General Chemistry Sem 1 (4 decks)

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