Test One review Flashcards
Who discovered radioactivity?
Becquerel
Who was the first too discover X-rays?
Roentgen
What year were X-rays discovered?
1895
What year was radioactivity discovered?
1896
Name the 6 types of ionizing radiation.
- Gamma
- Beta
- X-Ray
- Alpha
- Positron
- Nuetron
Name at least 3 types of NON ionizing radiation.
- radio waves
- microwaves
- lasers
- infrared lasers
- sun light
Name one factor that will determine if the nucleus of an atom will be stable or unstable.
- if the size of the nucleus is over 83 protons( always radioactive)
- if the number of protons and neutrons are unequal
True or false?
If radiation removes an orbital atom from another atom, the atom has had the electron removed is now radioactive.
False
What is the mass of an electron?
1/1837 amu
What is the charge of an electron?
-1
What is the mass of a Nurtron?
1 amu
What is the charge of a Nuetron?
Neutral
What is the mass of a proton?
1 amu
What is the charge of a proton?
+1
What is the mass of an Alpha particle?
4 amu
What is the charge of an alpha particle?
+2
What is the ionizing capability of an alpha particle?
High
What is the penetrating ability of an alpha particl?
Low
What is a good shield for alpha radiation?
- paper
- air
- skin
What is the mass of a beta particle? (Same as electron)
1/1837 amu
What is the charge of a beta particle?
-1
What is a basic atomic particle identical to a beta particle?
Electron
What is the ionizing capability of a beta particle?
Moderate
What is the penetrating ability of a beta particle?
Moderate
What is a good shielding material for a beta particle?
- Aluminum
- plastic
- glass
What is the mass of a positron?
1/1837
What is the charge of a positron?
+1
What is the ionizing capability of a positron?
Moderate
What is a penetrating ability of a positron?
Moderate
What is a good shielding material for positron radiation?
Hydrogen
What is the only kind of radiation that can make something else radioactive
Nuetron radiation
What are the mass and charge of an x-ray
Both are 0
What is the ionizing capability of an x-ray?
Low
What is the penetrating ability of an x-ray?
High
What is a good shield for X-ray radiation?
Lead
X-rays originate in what part of the Atom
Electron orbits
True or false: x-rays are not a form of ionizing radiation
False
True or false: gamma rays are not a form of ionizing radiation
False
What is a mass and charge of a Gamma Ray?
They have no charge ; 0
What is the ionizing ability of a GammaRay?
Low
What is the penetrating ability of a Gamma ray?
High
What is a good shielding material for gamma rays?
Lead
True or false: gamma rays and x-rays are a part of the family of electromagnetic radiation?
True
What is the name of the scientist who came up with the planet and sun model of the atom?
Nelis Bohr
If an alpha particle picks up two electrons, it will become an Atom of which element?
Helium (He)
The number of protons in the nucleus of the Atoms is called what?
Atomic number
The number of what element in the nucleus of the atom determines the name of the element.
Protons
What is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of an element?
Atom
What is the symbol for atomic number
Z
What is the symbol for mass number
A
If an atom of an element has 23 protons and it’s nucleus how many electrons will it have and it’s orbits
23 electrons
And isotope of nitrogen has a mass of 19 it’s atomic number is 7. How many neutrons does it have?
12 neutrons
What are two forms of isotopic notation to write calcium 40
Ca-40
Calcium -40
A variation of an Atom with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons is known as what element?
Isotope
What is another name for the field of safety which is concerned about radiation?
Health physics
