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Endodontics > Test One Materials > Flashcards

Test One Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What motion should be used with Hedstrom files?

A

Rasping/filing

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2
Q

What is the name of the file that is used to remove the pulp and pulpal tissue?

A

Barbed broach

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3
Q

What is the purpose of K files?

A

To plane and smooth the surfaces of the canals

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4
Q

What is the purpose of Hedstrom files?

A

To remove old root fillings and occasionally to plane the surfaces of the canals

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5
Q

What four liquids does the lentulo spiral aid in placing?

A
  1. CaOH, 2. Cements, 3. Sealers and 4. Pastes
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6
Q

What sizes of Gates Glidden drills are used?

A

2-#4 (.7 - 1.1 mm)

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7
Q

What is the name given of the angle that the cutting edge makes with the long axis of the file?

A

Helix Angle

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8
Q

What is the name given of the angle that the cutting edge makes with the perpendicular cross-section of the file?

A

Rake Angle

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9
Q

What is the name of the file that expands inside the tooth to match its internal dimensions, but didn’t work well on the market?

A

Self-adapting file

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10
Q

What are the four purposes of files?

A
  1. Canal negotiation, 2. canal debridement, 3. length determination and 4. canal shaping
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11
Q

What are the five goals of access openings?

A
  1. Remove all caries, 2. Conserve tooth structure, 3. Unroof/remove pulp, 4. Locate canal orifices and 5. Direct line access
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12
Q

What shape should your basic outline form be for anteriors, cuspids, maxillary molars and mandibular molars?

A

Ovoid, ovoid, triangular and rhomboid respectively

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13
Q

What are the chances of having two canals in the mandibular incisors?

A

30-40%

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14
Q

What are the odds of finding two canals in a mandibular canine?

A

3-6 %

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15
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the maxillary first premolar?

A

2 canals - 60-80%, 3 canals - 6%

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16
Q

What are the odds of having one canal in the maxillary second premolar?

A

1 canal - 80-90%

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17
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the mandibular first premolar?

A

1 canal - 75%, 2 canals - 25% and 3 canals - 1%

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18
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the mandibular second premolar?

A

1 canal - 85%, 2 canals - 15%

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19
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the mandibular mesial root of the mandibular first molar?

A

2 canals - 70-80%

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20
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the mandibular distal root of the mandibular first molar?

A

2 canals - 15-30%

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21
Q

What is it called when a mandibular molar has a third root?

A

Radix entomolaris

22
Q

What are the odds of having more than one canal in the mandibular distal root of the mandibular second molar?

A

2 canals - 5-8%

23
Q

What are Brassler scouts used for?

A

Tight, calcified canals or curved canals

24
Q

What are the two disadvantages of using chlorhexadine in irrigation?

A
  1. Doesn’t dissolve smear layer and 2. doesn’t dissolve necrotic tissue
25
Q

What is the benefit of using EDTA for an irrigant?

A

Removes smear layer

26
Q

What is the downside to using phenols?

A

Toxic to cells (more so than to bacteria)

27
Q

What is the benefit to using CMCP?

A

Less tissue toxic than phenols

28
Q

What is the benefit to using Crestatin?

A

Even less toxic than phenols

29
Q

What is typically used in pulpectomies and pulpotomies to fix remaining tissue?

A

Formaldehyde

30
Q

What do corticosteroid/antibiotic combinations do?

A

Help eliminate inflammation from overinstrumentation

31
Q

What does CaOH do?

A

Antibacterial

32
Q

What is cavit?

A

Temporary material

33
Q

What are Eugenol and other essential oils used for in RCT?

A

As anodynes (painkillers) and potent antimicrobial properties

34
Q

What are two potential uses for CaOH?

A
  1. Temporary obturant and 2. “Stimulate” apical root end closure
35
Q

What are two indicators for placement of CaOH2?

A
  1. Necrotic pulp and 2. Following straight line access and establishing MAF
36
Q

What is frequently mixed with CaOH2?

A

Glycerin

37
Q

Schedule II controlled substances… (6)

A
  1. No time limit to fill, 2. no refills, 3. no limits on quantities, 4. multiple prescriptions allowed, 5. fax okay for prep, but not dispensing and 6. emergency phone only for immediate coverage
38
Q

Schedule III-V substances… (2)

A
  1. Oral, written and faxed and 2. Refills okay and by call-in
39
Q

What is found in the superscription?

A

Patient’s name, address, date and Rx

40
Q

What is found in the inscription?

A

Name of drug, dose form and quantity

41
Q

What is found in the subscription?

A

Directions to pharmacist

42
Q

What is found in the transcription?

A

Directions to the patient

43
Q

What is found in the heading?

A

Name and address of patient as well as prescriber and date of prescription

44
Q

What is found in the body of a prescription?

A

Name and dosage size or concentration, amount or quantity and directions for the patient

45
Q

What three types of drugs did we learn to treat pain?

A
  1. NSAIDS, 2. Narcotic/opioids, and 3. Steroids
46
Q

What two types of drugs did we learn to treat fear/anxiety?

A
  1. Benzodiazepines and 2. Muscle relaxants
47
Q

What are chelators used for in endo?

A

Removing inorganic debris

48
Q

What must you avoid mixing with NaOCl?

A

Chlorhexadine

49
Q

What two chemicals should be alternated when irrigating?

A
  1. NaOCl with 2. 17% EDTA
50
Q

What three things should be done to dry the canal?

A
  1. Small-tip aspirator, 2. Coarse paper point and 3. Fine paper point
51
Q

What are the five types of sealers?

A
  1. Zinc-oxide and eugenol base - Grossman’s Sealer, 2. Resin-based, 3. CaOH-base, 4. Glass Ionomer and 5. Bioceramic

Endodontics (2 decks)

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