Test One (Ch. 1-3) Flashcards

1
Q

rate of death

A

mortality

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2
Q

the relative incidence of a particular death

A

morbidity

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3
Q

an umbrella term used to describe the study of numerous aspects of physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance that have the common characteristic of movement and the adaptations that occur as a result of physical activity and regular exercise

A

exercise science

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4
Q

movement activities of daily living

A

physical activity

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5
Q

structured movement process that individuals consciously and voluntarily engage in

A

exercise

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6
Q

movement in structured and organized activities that include a competitive aspect including all athletic events

A

sport and athletic competition

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7
Q

study of physical measurements and characteristics of humans and animals

A

anthropometry

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8
Q

evaluation of a professional colleague’s work

A

peer-reviewed

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9
Q

research directed toward finding solutions to an immediate practical problem

A

applied research

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10
Q

research that uses a scientific approach designed for the collection and analysis of numerical data from direct testing or questionnaires

A

quantitative research

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11
Q

research that uses extensive observations and interviews to provide nonnumeric data obtained in natural environments

A

qualitative research

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12
Q

type of research that illustrates specific characteristics about a question or problem

A

descriptive research

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13
Q

type of research that requires the manipulation of at least one variable to answer a question of problem

A

experimental research

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14
Q

type of research that involves the study of change over time

A

longitudinal research

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15
Q

type of research that requires the collection of data on individuals of different characteristics who represent different attributes being investigated

A

cross-sectional research

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16
Q

type of research that combines both cross-sectional and longitudinal research

A

sequential research

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17
Q

T/F: The integration of human systems provides for the coordinated control of the body environment and allows the body to respond to the challenges encountered every day.

A

True

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18
Q

T/F: The autonomic nervous system can be divided into two divisions: parasympathetic and somatic.

A

False

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19
Q

T/F: Skeletal muscle can only contract in response to a stimulus from the nervous system.

A

True

20
Q

T/F: Muscle fiber hypertrophy results in an increase the number of fibers within a muscle.

A

False

21
Q

minerals of the skeletal system

A

calcium and phosphorous

22
Q

medical condition in which the bones become brittle and fragile from loss of tissue, typically as a result of hormonal changes, or deficiency of calcium or vitamin D

A

osteoporosis

23
Q

cardiac smooth muscle response origination

A

autonomic nervous system

24
Q

responsibilities of the pulmonary system

A

brings air into the lungs, allows for oxygen to be removed from the air, and facilitates the elimination of CO2 into the external environment

25
Q

T/F: The rate of absorption of carbohydrates from the digestive system can play an important role in performance during long duration exercise such as a marathon race.

A

True

26
Q

T/F: The nervous system and the endocrine system serve as the two primary control systems of the body.

A

True

27
Q

increase in the number of muscle fibers in a muscle

A

muscle fiber hyperplasia

28
Q

T/F: The bone marrow contained within the skeletal system is responsible of the formation of a number of blood cells.

A

True

29
Q

the laboratory production of human erythopoitin (hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells)

A

recombinant human erythropoietin

30
Q

disease process where cholesterol and blood lipids build up in the arteries

A

atherosclerosis

31
Q

body systems at rest

A

homeostasis

32
Q

What source provides the most energy during the performance of low intensity exercise?

A

fat

33
Q

Consuming a beverage or meal high in carbs prior to to exercise will:

A

promote carbohydrate utilization as an energy source

34
Q

resistance exercise training causes:

A

muscle fiber hypertrophy

35
Q

Osteoporosis a disease condition affecting the skeletal system and is characterized by:

A

a decrease in bone mineral density

36
Q

A ____% reduction of body weight is the lowest level of body weight loss that can significantly improve health by decreasing “…”

A

5-10%

37
Q

method of measuring energy expenditure in large groups

A

accelerometers

38
Q

mechanisms of heat loss

A

conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation (most important)

39
Q

Athletes attempting to increase lean body mass should consume a level of daily protein intake:

A

greater than the recommended dietary reference intake for persons over 18

40
Q

female athlete triad:

A

young female athletes who exhibit disordered eating, amenorrhea (lack of period), and bone mineral loss

41
Q

a type of protein molecule that works with insulin to facilitate glucose uptake by skeletal muscle fibers

A

glut-4 proteins

42
Q

What factor would increase the use of fat as an energy source?

A

increased exercise duration

43
Q

When the systems of the body respond to a single bout of physical activity or exercise this is referred to as:

A

an acute response

44
Q

short answer: factors that affect an individual’s response to exercise in the heat:

A

hydration status, type and amount of clothing worn, temperature and humidity, fitness level, use of meds and supplements, acclimatization, exercise intensity and duration

45
Q

short answer: the most commonly used ways to assess physical activity in large populations

A

use of physical activity questionnaires, pedometers, and accelerometers

46
Q

short answer: recommendations for protein intake for athletes.

A

greater than the recommended dietary reference for persons over 18 years
endurance trained athletes: 1.2-1.4 grams of protein per kilogram body weight per day
resistance trained athletes: 1.4-1.7 grams of protein per kilogram body weight per day