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Lighting Design > TEST ONE > Flashcards

TEST ONE Flashcards

1
Q

What Is Static Electricity?

A

two objects rub against each other. electrons transfer and build up on an object causing it to have a different charge form its surroundings.

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2
Q

Conductor

A

Allows electric current to flow through. Metals

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3
Q

Insulator

A

Does not allow electric current to flow. Plastic, wood, glass, rubber

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4
Q

What is Electricity ?

A

The flow of electrons in a electrical charge

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5
Q

Voltage

A

Electrical potential flows through wires of a circuit

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6
Q

Current

A

The flow of charges in a circuit

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7
Q

Resistance

A

Opposition to the flow of an electric current causing electrical energy to be converted to thermal energy or light.

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8
Q

OHM Law calculations?

A

Current = voltage difference dived by resistance

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9
Q

How to calculate Watts?

A

Volts X Amps= Watts

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10
Q

How to calculate Amps?

A

Volts Dived by Resistance= Amps

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11
Q

How to calculate Volts?

A

Current X Resistance= Volts

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12
Q

Circuits

A

Contains a Voltage source, wire conductor, one or more devices using electrical energy

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13
Q

Series Circuit

A

One single pathway for the current to flow. If one pathway is broken the whole things won’t work.

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14
Q

Parallel Circuit

A

Multiple pathways for a current to flow. If one pathway is broken the flow will continue to work on another pathway.

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15
Q

Open Circuit

A

The pathway for the current is broken. Switches

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16
Q

Closed Circuit

A

A pathway is Complete and unbroken

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17
Q

Household Wiring

A

Uses a combination of parallel circuits. Enters a fuse box or breaker box and is distributed.

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18
Q

Power Calculation

A

Power= Current X Voltage

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19
Q

Electrical Energy Calculations

A

Energy= Power X Time

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20
Q

Direct Current

A

Current that comes from a battery that supplies constant flow of electricity in one direction.

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21
Q

Alternating Current

A

Comes from a Generator, Electromagnetic is rotated in other direction for every revolution.

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22
Q

Incandescent Lamps

A

warm: yellow, orange color, poor efficiency, short life, initial cost cheap, populating cost is expensive, CRI 100

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23
Q

Halogen

A

moderate initial cost, expensive operating cost, Neutral Warm color, 10 year life, poor efficiency.

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24
Q

Fluroescent

A

large open spaces, likes to be in warm temps, high efficiency, Low temp color, long lasting, variety of color rendering.

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25
Q

HID

A

High Intensity Discharge, efficient, high initial cost, cheap operating cost, lower CRI 70-90, Pink/Green color.

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26
Q

LED

A

Light Emitting Diodes, Efficient, long life, variety of colors, phosphor white.

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27
Q

ARC Lamps

A

High Intensity Discharge, very efficient, high lumen output, direct-able.

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28
Q

Sir Humphrey Davy

A

1778-1829, professor of chemistry in London, Made Miner safety lamps, used batteries for incandescent bulb in 1801, 1807 arc lamp created, arc lamp needed 2,000 batteries to work.

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29
Q

Alessandro Volta

A

1745-1827, made batteries that stored electricity

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30
Q

Joesph Swan/ Thomas Edison (as a team)

A

Perfected the incandescent bulb using Davys battery research. Created the company called Ediswan selling bulbs to the public.

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31
Q

Pavel Yablochkov

A

1847-1894, Russian telegraph engineer, 1876 arc lamps became a viable light source, Worked With Louis Berguet to create an electric candle, Generator research allowed them to power their candle.

32
Q

Joseph Swan

A

1828-1914. 1850 stared workin on incandescent bulbs using carbonized paper filament, had a short life, no seal, 1875 He used William Crookes Pump to seal his bulb, 1879 demonstrated his bulb, 1881 produced a lamp that last 400 hours.

33
Q

Thomas Edison

A

1847-1931, made bulb accessible for public, electric company called Edison Electrical company 1878, Opened first Power station to produce enough electrical energy to power 800 of his bulbs.

34
Q

Peter Cooper Hewitt

A

1861-1921, American electrical Engineer/ inventor, created the first mercury vapor lamp in 1901, was 40 lumens was an arc lamp, used as street lights since the color was bad.

35
Q

Nick Holonyak Jr.

A

1928 Father of modern light, created first practical LED lamps, Worked at Edisons company as a scientist consultant, his LED had a red glow,

36
Q

Ching W Tang and Steven Van Slyke and Eastman Kodak

A

created operable OLED (organic light emitting diode), Long life, Good color quality, high efficiency, can be mounted on any surface, thin, flexible, translucent, used in commercial applications, displays and tv’s.

37
Q

Reverse Engineer

A

Figuring out how something works and trying to recreate it, three steps: Experience, Emotional, Identify

38
Q

What is light responsible for?

A

Mood, Instruction

39
Q

Behavioral response to light (Phototropism)

A

Humans attraction to light, can be instinctive, learned and conditioned, used for visual information, safety, companionship, comfort.

40
Q

How do we control light?

A

How we feel, perceive spaces, where to go.
Shapes: Linear effects, scallops, pools of light, prismatic effect, instinctive and attraction to light is a powerful tool.

41
Q

4 Relationships: understanding of where light is effective.

A
  1. Adaption 2. brightness 3. Phototropism 4. Vertical Vision.
42
Q

2 Distinct Steps to Apply Lighting

A
  1. Lighting specific surfaces. 2. Augment the feeling of brightness.
43
Q

5 Layers of Light

A
  1. Choreograph and Experience. 2. Define Mood and Ambience. 3. Create Accent and Visual Interest.
  2. Reveal architecture and Space. 5. Articulating the light design process.
44
Q

Operating Cost

A

Cost to maintain and replace source

45
Q

CRI

A

Color Rendering Index 1-100 scale color rating

46
Q

Color Temp

A

Degree in kelvins or Kelvin, warm or cool tones perceived warm is 2,000K and cool Is 6,000K.

47
Q

Directability

A

Ability to focus light from a source in relation to size. smaller is easier to control.

48
Q

Ballast, Transformer, Driver Requirements

A

Magnetic Equipment to convert standard line voltage to electricity.

49
Q

EMR

A

Electromagnetic Radiation Raw Energy, Radiation travels at the speed of light, Wave Lengths measured in Nano Meters, Visible spectrum light is the only form we can see, used for x rays, microwaves, uv rays.

50
Q

Lumens

A

Light pieces, Measured in foot-candles, light leaving a surface has no direction.

51
Q

Mechanisms We Use

A

To focus on distances and adjust for dark and light situations.

52
Q

Cornea

A

transmitting, refracting/ protecting device

53
Q

Pupil

A

Dark and light adaptation Dialate

54
Q

Cones

A

active in high levels of light, (phototropism) responsible for color

55
Q

Rods

A

Active in low level light, (Scotopic vision monochromatic) Sensitive to Motion.

56
Q

Additive light

A

RGB Red Green Blue

57
Q

Subtractive paint

A

YMC Yellow Magenta Cyan

58
Q

MR 16

A

Multi Faceted Reflector 2” diameter

59
Q

A 19

A

Arbitrary 2-3 3/8” Diameter

60
Q

PAR 30

A

Parabolic Aluminized Reflector 4-3 3/3” Diameter

61
Q

Ceiling Light Onto Walls

A

Canned, Directional and Fixed, wall washers impressions of brightness.

62
Q

Floor Mounted

A

Washing and accent upward, sense of vertical illumination but unusual flair.

63
Q

Wall Mounted: Washing Up

A

incandescent or fluorescent decorative or utilitarian, creates loftiness, adds volume to a space.

64
Q

Washing Back Onto Wall

A

Decorative sconces with shields and diffuses to bounce backwards light, vertical brightness, decorative light.

65
Q

Lighting The Floor: Step Lights

A

recessed surface mounted step lights, Niche lights, keeps light down Low choreographed light layer.

66
Q

Horizontal Slots

A

Ceiling or wall joints continuous line

67
Q

Vertical Slots

A

Washing across a Wall

68
Q

Coves: Bleed onto a Ceiling

A

create loftiness

69
Q

Slots: From above bleed vertical

A

Feeling of natural daylight

70
Q

Diffuse Glowing

A

adds soft character to an area, decorative pendants, chandeliers, add a glow or sparkle. direct or indirect light to a pendant.

71
Q

Aspects of light

A

Intensity, Texture, Color, Shape

72
Q

Intensity

A

Bright vs. Dark

73
Q

Texture

A

Directional vs. Diffuse

74
Q

Color

A

Warm vs. cool

75
Q

Shape

A

Planes and Lines vs. Pools and scallops

Lighting Design (1 decks)

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