Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

radiography > test one > Flashcards

test one Flashcards

1
Q

When were X-rays discovered

A

1895

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the approximate vertical angulation for bitewing radiographs?

A

+10 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A radiograph is defined as

A

A picture on film produced by the passage of sprays through an object or body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

An error in which of the following would result in overlapping

A

horizontal angulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who discovered the x-ray

A

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Radiation is defined as

A

a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Otto Walkhoff took the first radiograph on a patient T or F

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

While taking radiographic projections the patients head should be resting on headrest with the chin pointing towards the ceiling T or F

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the purpose of BWX

A

To see maxillary, mandible and adjacent tooth surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the types of BWX

A

horizontal and vertical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 6 important concepts to remember

A
  1. Receptor placement
  2. Receptor position
  3. Vertical angulation
  4. Horizontal angulation
  5. PID position
  6. Receptor exposure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the receptor position for BWX

A

parallel to teeth you want to capture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the Horizontal angulation for BWX

A

(side to side) PID & PSP parallel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an example of a patient protection technique used before x-ray exposure

A

proper prescribing of radiographs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The main suggestion for the operator’s protection is that the operator must

A

Avoid the primary beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The acronym for the permitted lifetime accumulated dose is

A

MAD-Maximum accumulated dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Inherent filtration in the dental x-ray tubehead

A

Includes filtration that takes place when the primary beam passes through the glass tubehead seal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A circular collimator (diaphragm) produces a round beam that is ___Inches in diameter

A

2.75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The ALARA concept states that all radiation must be kepth

A 
As 
Low 
As 
Reasonably 
Achievable
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A film badge

A

is worn by the operator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

____- speed film is currently the fastest intraoral film available

A

F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The single most important factor in patient protection is the inherent filtration of the X-ray tube head

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the collimator do

A

restricts the size and shape of primary beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is filtration

A

the use of absorbing materials for removing low energy x-rays from primary beam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is inherent filtration

A

Glass window of X-ray tube head, insulating oil and tube head seal (lead glass or aluminum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is added filtration

A

aluminum disks added between collimator and the tube head seal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the filtration for a machine operation at or below 70 KVP

A

1.5 mm aluminum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the filtration for a machine operating at or above 70 KVP

A

2.5 mm aluminum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What after exposure technique will protect patient and operator

A

proper film/sensor handling and proper film processing/sensor retrieval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

a small(short) object-receptor distance will increase magnification of the tooth image T or F

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

a periapical film must show

A

the crown to the apex of the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

According to the basic principles of the paralleling technique, the film is placed in the mouth ____ to the long axis of the tooth being radiographed, and the central ray of the x-ray beam is directed ____ to the film and long axis of the tooth.

A

Parallel; perpendicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Elongation is caused by too much vertical angulation

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

In taking a periodical radiograph using the bisecting technique, the x-ray beam was not centered on the film packet. The resulting film shows

A

Cone cut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

When using the Parallel technique the film and the ___ should be as parallel as possible

A

Long axis of the tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

When using the bisecting technique what is the relationship between the imaginary bisector and the central ray

A

the central ray is perpendicular to the imaginary bisector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What factor affects forshortening and elongation of a tooth image on the film while using the bisecting technique

A

vertical angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

In taking a periodical radiograph using the bisecting technique, the x-ray beam was not centered on the film packet. The resulting film shows

A

Cone cut

39
Q

When the bisecting technique is used, which of the following angles is bisected

A

the angle formed by the receptor and the long axis of the tooth

40
Q

One of the advantages of the bisecting technique is

A

they can be used when a patient has a shallow palate

41
Q

Who was responsible for using the paralleling technique in practical dental radiography

A

McCormack

42
Q

Who developed the first x-ray tube

A

Coolidge 1913

43
Q

Who introduced the bisecting technique

A

Price

44
Q

Who wrote the first paper on the danger of x-radiation

A

Rollins 1896

45
Q

Who exposed the first dental radiograph in the US using a skull?

A

Morton 1896

46
Q

Who introduced the long-cone paralleling technique

A

Fitzgerald 1947

47
Q

Who wrote the first dental text; introduced bite-wing technique

A

Raper 1925

48
Q

Who exposed the first dental radiograph in the United States on a living patient?

A

Kells 1896

49
Q

Who exposed the first dental radiograph

A

Walkoff 1896

50
Q

What is a cathode ray

A

A stream of high-speed electrons that originates from the cathode in an x-ray tube

51
Q

What is fluorescence

A

A glow that results when a fluorescent substance is struck by light, cathode ray, or x-rays

52
Q

What is radiation

A

A form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles

53
Q

What is x-radiation

A

a high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an x-ray tube

54
Q

What is the purpose of radiation guidlines?

A

to protect the patients and ourselves to minimize the amount of radiation both parties are exposed to

55
Q

What is an angle

A

A figure formed by two lines diverging from a common point

56
Q

What is angulation

A

The alignment of the central ray of the x-ray beam in both planes

57
Q

What is horizontal angulation?

A

The positioning of the pid in a side to side plane

58
Q

What is vertical angulation

A

The positioning of the PID in an up and down plane

59
Q

What is the difference between a horizontal and vertical bitewing

A

The position of the bitewing receptor; with the long portion of the receptor horizontal or vertical

60
Q

What is crystal bone

A

The most coronal portion o the alveolar bone found between teeth; it composed of cortical bone and appears radiopaque

61
Q

What are areas where teeth are no longer present called

A

endentulous

62
Q

What is the bisecting technique

A

A method used to expose pariapical images

63
Q

When does elongation occur

A

When the vertical angle is too flat

64
Q

When does foreshortening occur

A

When the vertical angle is too extreme

65
Q

What is the occlusal projection

A

An intra oral radiographic examination used to examine the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandible and locate foreign bodies

66
Q

What is a topographic occlusal projection used for

A

to examine maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth

67
Q

What is interpretation

A

The explanation of what is viewed on a dental radiograph

68
Q

What is the primary beam

A

the penetrating x-ray beam produced at the target within the x-ray head

69
Q

No federal standard existed for dental x-ray machines manufactured before what year?

A

1974

70
Q

When were x-rays first used in dentistry?

A

1895

71
Q

When x-rays were first used in dentistry, how long was the exposure?

A

25 min

72
Q

Dental films placed inside the mouth are termed

A

Intraoral Films

73
Q

The component part of the dental x-ray machine that contains the x-ray tube is termed the?

A

tube head

74
Q

The component part of the dental x-ray machine that allows movement and positioning of the tube head is termed the?

A

extension arm

75
Q

The dental radiographer can regulate the x- ray beam (kilovoltage, mA, time) through the use of the:

A

Control panel

76
Q

A device that is used to stabilize an intraoral film is:

A

Film holder

77
Q

A metal instrument that is used to restrict the size of the -ray beam to the size of the Intraoral film is the?

A

Collimator device

78
Q

What does the term bitewing refer to

A

A patient biting on a wing or a tab

79
Q

What is the purpose of a bitewing

A

To detect caries and see in between teeth

80
Q

What size of film is recommended for the use with the bitewing technique in an adult patient?

A

Size 2

81
Q

What does bisect mean

A

to divide into two equal parts

82
Q

What are the advantages of the bisecting technique?

A

Easier placement for patients (more comfortable),

No anatomical restrictions

83
Q

Name some disadvantages of the bisecting technique

A

More distortion

Harder to place x-ray beam

84
Q

ln the bisecting technique the central ray is directed?

A

Perpendicular to the imaginary bisector

85
Q

With the bisecting technique the vertical angulation is determined by the _____.

A

imaginary bisector

86
Q

What are the common types of intraoral film?

A

1) Bitewing (Interproximal examination)
2) Periapical film
3) Occlusal

87
Q

Which film is used to examine the entire tooth and supporting bone?

A

periapical film

88
Q

Name advantages to the parallel technique.

A

Accurate Image
Easy to replicate beam angle from appointment to appointment
Easier to determine where the beam should be

89
Q

How do you achieve parallelism?

A

Film must be placed away from the tooth and toward the middle of tiie oral cavity

90
Q

The 8 inch PID is more effective in reducing radiation exposure to the patient than the 16 inch PID.

A

False

91
Q

What is the most effective PID in reducing patient exposure?

A

Rectangular PID

92
Q

What is used as a collimator?

A

lead plate

93
Q

What is the recommended size of the beam at the patients face?

A

2.75 inches

radiography (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions