Test One Flashcards
what are the purposes of the (CJ) system?
the control of crime, prevention of crime, and maintenance of justice,
hardware of the system: what are the 3 institutional parts of the system?
police, courts, and corrections
explain the formal criminal justice process: roadmap
1) the criminal event 2) investigation and arrest 3) detention, bail, custody 4) first court appearance 5) arraignment 6) preliminary hearing 7) trial 8) sentencing 9) corrections
explain the informal operation of the CJS
a) system efficiency b) discretion c) multiple mandates d) complexity and change of the system
what are the levels of analysis?
internal and external
what are the seven principles of legality?
1) legality 2) mens rea 3) actus reus 4) concurrence of mens rea and actus reus 5) harm 6) causation 7) punishment
what is corpus delecti?
the body of the crime
what are the legal classifications of crime?
1) summary conviction 2) indictable offences 3) hybrid offences
explain ‘crime as choice’
people commit crimes because they choose to do so based on the pro’s and con’s of a behaviour
explain ‘biological positivism’
the born criminal - biology of the person causes crime
explain ‘sociological theories of crime’
social structure theories claim that crime rates depend on social structures which can include politics, economy, and religion
explain ‘recent strain theory’
relative deprivation theory means deprivation of societal goals relative to those who have ‘things’ e.g crime is caused by the frustrated poor who live near economically advantaged people
explain ‘crime as social process’
social learning theory states individuals are taught criminal behaviour is acceptable and legitimate
explain ‘social control’
people are born bad and learn to be good // the environment of a person matters
explain ‘reaction/labelling’
social reaction theories suggest criminal behaviour is a consequence of societies reaction (a negative reaction will cause more crime)
