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Fall Physics 14' > Test One > Flashcards

Test One Flashcards

0
Q

What is a diode tube?

A

Two electrodes

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1
Q

What is electronic vaccine tube?

A

Keeps electrons at high speed

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2
Q

Electrons flow_____ to _____?

A

Cathnode to anode. Filament to target

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3
Q

D: External structure of tube

A

Supporting and protective structure. Glass or metal envelope

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4
Q

External components to tube

A

Everything outside

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5
Q

Leaking radiation

A

X-rays are isotopic. They can go every which way

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6
Q

____% heat, ____% X-rays?

A

98, 2

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7
Q

Leaking radiation must be reduced to less than______?

A

100mR/hr at 1m

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8
Q

What are the four parts of the tube?

A

Metal housing, Glass housing, and anode and cathode.

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9
Q

What is the metal housing made up of?

A

Lead

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10
Q

What is the glass envelope insulated with

A

Oil

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11
Q

Why is the metal housing better than glass housing

A

Tungsten deposits decreases

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12
Q

What are the two internal structures of the tube

A

Cathode and anode

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13
Q

What two parts consists in the cathode

A

Filament and focusing cup

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14
Q

Filament

A

Burning off of electrons causing x-rays

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15
Q

Focusing cup

A

This is the stream of electrons creating the primary been

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16
Q

What is the filament made up of

A

Tungsten wire

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17
Q

Thermionic Emmison

A

Boiling off of electrons at the filament

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18
Q

What are the smaller filaments used for

A

Fingers wrist hand and toes

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19
Q

What are the bigger filaments used for

A

Chest abdomen and spine

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20
Q

Space charge

A

Form a cloud around the filament

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21
Q

Space charge effect

A

Not allowing more electrons to burn off the filament

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22
Q

What is the focusing cup made up of

A

Nickel and Molybedenum

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23
Q

What does the focusing cup do

A

Allows electrons to flow freely across the two from cathode to anode

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24
Q

Efficiency of focusing cup depends on? (5)

A

Size, shape, charge, filament size and shape and position of the filament

25
Q

The cathode is_____and the anode is____?

A

Negative, positive

26
Q

Is the stationary anode or a rotating anode better

A

Rotating anode is better

27
Q

The anode consists of (3)

A

Target stator rotor

28
Q

What does the target do

A

Stops electrons in the two current to produce x-rays

29
Q

What is the target made up of

A

Tungsten 90% and rhenium alloy 10%

30
Q

What is the target embedded in

A

Molybedenum and Graphite

31
Q

Embedded in Molybedeum and graphite will help with what

A

Dissipate the heat

32
Q

Stater

A

Electric motor that turns rotor at a very high speed

33
Q

Rotor

A

Causes the target to rotate rapidly during x-ray production

34
Q

Functions of anode

A

Electrical conductor and provide mechanical support to the target and acts like a thermal radiator

35
Q

What are the three ways heat dissipates

A

Convection conduction and radiation

36
Q

Convection

A

Fan in tube

37
Q

Conduction

A

Stem of the anode

38
Q

Focal spot

A

The physical area of target bombarded by electrons during production

39
Q

Line focus principle

A

Is the relationship between the actual focal spot and the effective focal spot

40
Q

Actual focal spot

A

Where electrons in tube current hit the target

41
Q

Effective focal spot

A

Area the that the pt sees directly below the tube

42
Q

What is the advantage of A target Angle of 5-20’

A

Improves spatial resolution while maintaining heat Capacity

43
Q

Anode heel effect

A

As x-rays are emitted from the anode some are absorbed by the heel of the anode

44
Q

Are x-rays more intense on the cathode or anode side of the tube

A

Cathode side

45
Q

There can be a differenence as much as ___% from the anode heel effect

A

45%

46
Q

Advantages of anode heel effect

A

place Cathnode side of tube over thicker body part resulting in more evenly density on radiograph

47
Q

The smaller the focal spot the _____ the heel effect

A

Larger

48
Q

The heel affect is more noticeable with

A

Smaller anode angles, larger field size and short SID

49
Q

What causes pitting of the target

A

Excessive heat placed on anode

50
Q

What causes cracking of the anode

A

High techniques applied to cold anode

51
Q

Why is tungsten used for a filament and anode

A

It has a high melting point, high atomic number, thermal conductivity, and can withstand high tube currents without cracking or pitting

52
Q

Extra focal radiation

A

X-rays produced from outside the focal spot

53
Q

Why is extra focal radiation undesirable

A

Extends focal spot size, reduces image contrast, and increases patient dose

54
Q

Off focus radiation

A

Most focused radiation attenuated by tube housing And collimator located near window of glass envelope

55
Q

Anode cooling chart

A

Shows the time required for a heated anode to cool down

56
Q

Housing cooling chart

A

The time required for the whole housing unit it to cool down

57
Q

What are the four factors necessary for x-ray production

A

Separation of electrons, production of high-speed electrons, focusing of electrons, stopping high-speed electrons at target

58
Q

____% energy for X-rays, ___% converted to heat

A

1, 99

59
Q

Characteristic radiation

A

Created when a projectile electron interacts with an electron from an inner K she’ll of the atom

60
Q

Only ____ shell energy can be used for X-rays

A

K

61
Q

Brems X-rays

A

The slowing down and breaking of electrons becoming X-ray photons

Fall Physics 14' (1 decks)

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