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Chem 113 > Test One > Flashcards

Test One Flashcards

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0
Q

Unit of matter composed of two or more atoms, chemically bonded

A

Molecule

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1
Q

Smallest building block of matter - indivisible particle

A

Atom

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2
Q

A single type of matter, can’t be decomposed into simpler substances

A

Element

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3
Q

Combination of two or more elements in distinct proportions

A

Compound

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4
Q

Compositions do not vary from sample to sample; all parts of substance are identical

A

Pure substance

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5
Q

Two or more separate components, no distinct proportions, uniform throughout

A

Homogenous mixture

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6
Q

Two or more separate components, no distinct properties, not uniform throughout

A

Heterogenous mixture

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7
Q

Measurable properties that can be measure without hanging the identity of the substance (bp, color, odor)

A

Physical property

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8
Q

Describe chemical reactivity of a substance (ability to burn in oxygen)

A

Chemical property

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9
Q

Alter physical appearance, but not chemical composition (boiling, melting)

A

Physical Change

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10
Q

Transform substances into new ones

A

Chemical changes

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11
Q

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance

A

Intensive properties

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12
Q

Properties that depend upon the amount of substance (mass, volume, density, HEAT)

A

Extensive properties

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13
Q

The amount of space a substance takes up

A

Volume

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14
Q

The amount of mass per unit volume

A

Density

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15
Q

How close several measures are to one another

A

Precision

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16
Q

How close a measurement is to the true value

A

Accuracy

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17
Q

Elements that combine in different ways to form more than one compound must do so in ratios of whole numbers

A

Law of multiple proportions

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18
Q

Experiment that resulted in the discovery of the electron

A

Cathode ray tube

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19
Q

Experiment that found the charge and mass of an electron

A

Millikan oil drop experiment

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20
Q

Experiment involving alpha particles that resulted in the discovery of the atomic nucleus. Proved Thompson’s plum pudding model wrong

A

Rutherford’s experiment

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21
Q

Group AI

A

Alkali metals

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22
Q

Group 2A

A

Alkaline earth metals

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23
Q

Group 7A

A

Halogens

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24
Q

Group 8A

A

Noble gases

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25
Q

Metals on periodic table

A

Left and middle

26
Q

Non-metals on periodic table

A

Right

27
Q

Metalloids on periodic table

A

Diagonal line toward bottom right

28
Q

Diatomic molecules

A

Nitrogen, hydrogen, fluorine, oxygen, iodine, chlorine, bromine

29
Q

Other name for iron 2 ion

A

Ferrous

30
Q

Other name for iron 3 ion

A

Ferric

31
Q

Monoatomic cations that form only one possible cation and take the same name as the metal – name groups

A

1a, 2a, ag+, and zn2+

32
Q

Transition metals that can form more than one cation, must indicate what?

A

Must indicate charge – the higher charge takes -ic, the lower charge takes -ous

33
Q

NH4+

A

Ammonium

34
Q

NH3+

A

Ammonia

35
Q

H3O+

A

Hydronium

36
Q

Monoatomic anions have names ending in ?

A

-ide

37
Q

OH-

A

Hydroxide

38
Q

CN-

A

Cyanide

39
Q

O2|2-

A

Peroxide

40
Q

Polyatomic anions containing oxygen are oxyanions. What is the ending for the MOST COMMON?

A

-ate

41
Q

Oxyanion ending for one fewer ending than -ate?

A

-ite

42
Q

Oxyanions with MORE oxygen than ate?

A

Hyper-

43
Q

Oxyanions with less oxygen than -ite?

A

Hypo-

44
Q

NO2|-

A

Nitrite

45
Q

NO3|-

A

Nitrate

46
Q

PO3|3-

A

Phosphite

47
Q

PO4|3-

A

Phosphate

48
Q

CO3|2-

A

Carbonate

49
Q

SO3|2-

A

Sulfite

50
Q

SO4|2-

A

Sulfate

51
Q

ClO|-

A

Hypochlorite

52
Q

ClO2|-

A

Chlorite

53
Q

ClO3|-

A

Chlorate

54
Q

ClO4|-

A

Hyperchlorate

55
Q

Copper 1 ion

A

Cation; cuprous

56
Q

Copper 2 ion

A

Cation; cupric

57
Q

Mercury 1 ion

A

Mercurous hg2|2+

58
Q

Mercury 2 ion

A

Mercuric hg2|+

59
Q

Rules for acids if anion name ends in -ide

A

Change to -ic, attach prefix hydro, and add the word acid

60
Q

Rules for acids added to oxyanions

A

Add hydrogen/dihydrogen to the name

61
Q

Rules for anion name ending in -ate

A

Change to -ic and add acid

62
Q

Rules for anion name ending in -ite

A

Change to -ous, add acid

63
Q

CH4

A

Methane

Chem 113 (1 decks)

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