Test one Flashcards
Why do Christians believe Jesus to be the savior of humankind
His death and resurrection atoned for the sin of Adam which was inherited by humans
How has the phrase “Thou shall not allow a mekhashepha to live”
interpreted to mean a witch but the root is to mutter and has also been interpreted to mean herbalist
How has the meaning of Heresy changed over time
Originally meant thing chosen but has changed to imply that heresy has to be chosen and public and a heretic has to be stubborn about being right and be baptized Christians to signify a betrayal of vows
What are some paradigms and powers about the devil
He always lies, tempts people, leaves marks on humans as signs of servitude, can change shape and have sex with humans, and infiltrate superstitious acts without human knowledge
What is the canon episcope
argued that witch craft is imaginary and that the devil seduces women via illusions by appearing as the Diana the goddess of pagans
why was the Council of Basel formed
Given the task of figuring out how to reform the church
What caused witchcraft to be brought up at the council of Basel
Was never formally brought up but was talked about since witchcraft was circulating especially with Joan of Arc
Who was Gerbert
Recognized to be a genius and became a pope but was labeled a necromancer after his death and that he was beat to death by the devil later people claimed that his knowledge was because of a deal with the devil
Was Astrology seen as witchcraft
Originally used as a way to know when to pray and when religious holidays were but was thought to be leading people away from God by leading them to believe that the stars/planets could determine their fate especially by St. Augstine
What is Investiture Controversy
A want of independency from secular authority; reformers are trying to make the papacy independent of kings causing popes to be pitted agaisnt each other
What did the Malleus Maleficarum do
State that witches are flying and also imaging it, started the conversation on torture with witches, targeted women rather than just witches, brought up witches eating children, and midwives offering them to the devil
What was witchhunting like in Germany
Was the heartland of the witch hunts, use of summary justice (people announced guilty with no trial)
What contributed to witch hunts in Germany
Splintered land lead to little higher authority, villages switched between Catholicism and Protestantism creating fear, little ice age caused people to starve
How did the paradigm of the witch change in Germany
Switched from older women to men and higher government officials then to children in the 1670s
What did witch hunting look like in England
courts were scared to convict women (22%) and neither the church or state had much interest in witch hunting
