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OChem II > Test III (Reagents) > Flashcards

Test III (Reagents) Flashcards

1
Q

Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters

A

Water
Acid (eg. HCl)

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2
Q

Acid hydrolysis of amides

A

Water
Acid (eg HCl)

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3
Q

Base hydrolysis of amides

A

Water
Base (eg NaOH)

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4
Q

Acid hydrolysis of nitriles

A

Water
Acid (eg HCl)

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5
Q

Base hydrolysis of nitriles

A

Water
Base (eg NaOH)

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6
Q

Acid Chloride + ____ -> Amide

A

Amine (eg NH3) OR R-NH2

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7
Q

Acid Chloride + ____ -> Ester

A

Alcohol (eg MeOH) OR R-OH

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8
Q

Acid Chloride + ____ -> Anhydride

A

Carboxylic acid

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9
Q

Anhydride + ____ -> Amide

A

Amine (eg NH3) OR R-NH2

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10
Q

Anhydride + ____ -> Ester

A

Alcohol (eg MeOH) OR R-OH

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11
Q

Reduction of esters (to primary alcohol)

A

Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) (H connects to middle)

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12
Q

Reduction of amides (to primary amines)

A

Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) (H connects to middle)

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13
Q

Reduction of nitriles (RCN) to primary amine

A

Lithium aluminum hydride (LiAlH4) (H connects to C)

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14
Q

Reduction of esters with Grignard reagents

A

Grignard reagent (eg. MeMgBr or PhMgBr)

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15
Q

Acid catalyzed bromination of α position

A

Br2
Acid (eg HCl)

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16
Q

Basic bromination of α position

A

Br2
Base (eg NaOH)

17
Q

Bromination of α position of carboxylic acid

A

Br2
PBr3

18
Q

Base-catalyzed aldol reaction

A

Base (eg NaOH)

19
Q

Base-catalyzed cross aldol reaction

A

Base (eg. NaOH)
Additional carbonyl compound

20
Q

Base aldol condensation + Heat + ____ -> α-β unsaturated carbonyl

A

Base (eg. NaOH)

21
Q

Base cross aldol condensation + Heat + ____ -> α-β unsaturated carbonyl

A

Base (eg. NaOH)
Additional carbonyl compound

22
Q

Acid-catalyzed aldol condensation + ____ -> α-β unsaturated carbonyl

A

Acid (eg. HCl)

23
Q

Acid-catalyzed aldol cross condensation + ____ -> α-β unsaturated carbonyl

A

Acid (HCl)
Additional carbonyl compound

24
Q

Claisen condensation

A

Base (eg NaOH)

25
Q

Cross Claisen condensation

A

Base (eg NaOH)
Additional carbonyl compound

26
Q

Alkylation of malonates with alkyl bromide

A

Alkyl bromide
Base (eg NaOH)

27
Q

Knoevenagel condensation (aldol condensation of malonate with aldehyde)

A

Aldehyde
Base (eg NaOH)

28
Q

Conjugate addition with ___ produces a β-nitrile carbonyl compound

A

Potassium cyanide

29
Q

Conjugate addition with ____ produces a β-amino carbonyl compound

A

Amine

30
Q

Basic conjugate addition of enolate/enol

A

Enolate

31
Q

Acidic conjugate addition of enolate/enol

A

Enol

32
Q

Direct addition (multiple options)

A

NaBH4 OR LiAlH4 (adds H)
OR R-Li (eg Me-Li) (adds R/Me)
OR -CN (reversible, adds -CN)

33
Q

Conjugate addition

A

R2CuLi (eg MeCuLi, Mg2CuLi) (adds R/ME)
OR -CN (adds CN)

OChem II (3 decks)

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