Test III Flashcards
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What are the main causes of death in middle childhood?
1) poisoning (year 2)
2) drowning (year 3)
3) car crashes (year 3)
What part of the body grows the fastest in middle childhood?
Lower body
The hallmark of concrete operational thought is:
logic
Understanding that the # amount stays the same if you rearrange it
Conservation
Seeing two aspects at the same time
Decentration
Ex. Pouring water from a tall glass to a short glass
Reversibility
Understanding you can be a mom, a daughter, and a sister
Classification
Can tell how far things are
Spatial Reasoning
Children in concrete operational stage can solve conservation problems because:
They can decenter and use reversibility
What they need to do/not do/use a filter
Inhibition
Doesn’t change across lifespan
Sensory memory
What are the three attentional processes?
1) Control
2) Planfulness
3) Adaptability
Control
What to focus on
Order you need to do stuff
Planfulness
Adaptability
Shift attention from one thing to another
Difficulty with focus/control/can’t sit still/impulsive
ADHD
True or false: ADHD runs in families
True: common among children with teratogen exposure
Elaborative Rehearsal
Create picture of items/make stuff meaningful to you
Metacognition
Thinking about thinking
Why do grades decline transitioning from middle school to HS to college, etc?
Higher standards and less supportive teaching
Erikson - Industry vs. Inferiority (Latency)
Kids wanna do well in school/develop social skills/self-esteem/confidence grow as skills grow
What are the sociometric ratings and correlates?
1) Popular
2) Rejected/unpopular
3) Controversial children
4) Neglected children
Popular-Prosocial
Kind, empathetic, but can be relationally aggressive later on life
Popular-Antisocial
Attractive, athletic, $$, and mean
Rejected-Aggressive
No $$, does poorly in school
Rejected-Withdrawn
Bullied, submissive, no one to protect them
Rejected-Different
Appearance, disabilities, sexual orientation
Controversial Children
Funny, high rates of social behavior, “class clown”, “relatively attractive, aka Vance
Neglected Children
Anxiety, depression in adulthood
Bullies
Most are boys of high status (physically/relationally aggressive)
Victims
Passive when reaction is expected, give in, lack defenders, inhibited temperament, frail, and overprotective parents
Wally is aggressive to other kids and does poorly in school. He is:
Rejected-Aggressive
Gender Typing
Ex. girls can’t do math or sports
Ex. males and females can be nurses
Gender Identity
Boys = masculine traits and Girls = feminine traits
Which child would struggle with parental divorce?
Adolescents
What is a secondary sex characteristic?
Breast growth
Off time puberty is most difficult for:
1) Early maturing girls
2) Late maturing boys
Propositional Thought
4 card problem
Parts of Formal Operational Thought
1) Abstract thought
2) Loosened from present (ex. daydreaming)
3) More “what ifs”
4) Hypothetico-deductive/scientific reasoning
What about Piaget’s Pendulum affects the arc of the swing?
The length of the string
Adolescent Egocentrisim - David Elkind
1) Imaginary Audience
2) Personal fable (“you wouldn’t understand” / talent they don’t have)
3) Invincibility fable (it won’t happen to me)
Erikson: Identity vs Role Confusion
1) Identity Achievement
2) Moratorium
3) Foreclosure
4) Negative Identity
5) Diffusion
Exploring options and taking time to make decisions
Moratorium
Accept what you’ve been taught to believe or do
Foreclosure
- authoritarian parents
- Religion
Rebellion/acting out (sexually, drugs, dilinquent, etc.); can stay or flip
Negative Identity
No questions asked/drain on society/eh to eh job
Diffusion
- apathetic with neglectful parents
