Test III Flashcards
Clinical Assessment
The measure of clinical symptoms and pathology in the human condition. Assessment of the purpose of clinical diagnosis.
Purposes of assessment
- Screening
- Diagnosis
- Treatment planning and goal ID
- Progress evaluation
Hypothesis confirmation bias
observed phenomenon in which viewers develop hypothesis to explain concerns being presented by the client and then proceed to ask questions and elicit responses that confirm those hypotheses.
Self-fulfilling prophesy
the client propensity to change responses and behavior to conform to the expectations of the examiner.
Factors that influence student and client test performance
Most important: motivation
anxiety, coaching, reactive effects, test sophistication, acquiescence, response bias, physical or psych variables, previous test experience
3 things assessed in MSE
- emotional f(x)
- intellectual
- neurological
all the things assessed in MSE
quality of appearance behavior attitude orientation sensorium personality language memory
why was the MSE developed
to rule out organicity and to direct Tx in a more efficient manner
empirical criterion keying
procedure in which selected items are administered to both clinical and nonclinical samples.
items that identify the clinical group and not the non-clinical group are selected to compose that particular clinical scale
factor analysis
item sorting technique based on item intercorrelations and the subsequent correlation bw each item and derived dimensions or component called factors
tests that use factor analysis
NEO-PI
NEOAC
NEO-PI
best used as a research instrument
statistical rather than theoretical model
Definition of personality
intrinstic,
adaptive organizational structure that is
consistent across situations and
stable over time
Structured personality assessment
-understanding the client, making a differential diagnosis, establishing empathy and rapport, to give feedback and insight, and match Tx to client norm referenced focused on healthy personality f(x)ing limited client responses easy to administer and score
Projective personality assessment
less external structure.
ambiguous stimuli allows unlimited range of responses
based on psychoanalytic unconscious
good icebreaker and rapport builder
tests that are Projective
Rorschok inkblot, Thematic apperception test, children apperception test, house tree person, kinetic drawing system for family and school
tests that are structured
NEO-PI-R
16 personality factors
MBTI
Jackson personality inventory
projective hypothesis
the assumption that essential information about a client’s personality characteristics, needs, conflicts, and motivations will be transferred onto ambiguous stimuli
Behavioral assessment
identification of meaningful response units and their controlling variables for the purse of understanding or altering behavior
operational definition
definition that can be easily replicated or understood by a stranger
must meet strange person and dead person test
strange person test
a complete stranger can understand what you’re conveying
dead person test
behavior cannot be something that only a dead person could do (i.e. not eating)
Halo effect
tendency to rate a high-performing student as well-behaved regardless of actual observed behavior
Central tendency error
tendency to respond w moderate or central descriptions rather than towards extremes of a rating scale
direct assessment
assessing events occurring in the here and now through direct observation and client monitoring
indirect assessment
assessing past events using behavior interviews and self report and information report behavioral checklist and rating sales
Spearman g-factor
g factor stands at the center of one’s con capability and that specific factors are related to the g factor and help explain characteristics of a person
g factor
g= general factor
=general intelligence factor
determines strength of relationship
group administration of intelligence test
- well-developed item pools
- norms
- reliability and validity
- can’t look at all ppl taking test and their behaviors
- lack of follow-up from examiner
individual admin of intelligence test
- usually screening tests
- usually not primary diagnostic tests
- to be a diagnostic test, must have high reliability and validity
- usually used to diagnose learning disabilities or autism
what aptitude and intelligence tests measure
verbal ability, quantitative ability skills, reasoning
-are predictive!!
achievement tests…
measure what a person already knows
the A in SAT
assessment
A used to be aptitude, but was changed to assessment to avoid the misconception that SAT measured “innate ability”
PSAT is used for
- practice SAT
- qualifier exam for national merit scholarships
why assess for career counseling
to facilitate self-exploration and understanding
Parson’s guidelines
- develop a clear understanding of you aptitudes, interests, resources, limitations, and other qualities
- acquire knowledge about the world of work, including the requirements and conditions of success, compensation, and opportunities in a given field.
3 use “true reasoning” to relate self-knowledge to knowledge about the world of work, resulting in occupational choice.
family systems theory
families are interacting systems composed of interdependent members.
problems in system instead of specified individual.
family is the unit of change
-family relations, patterns, structure, and level of f(x)ing are the primary areas of focus
difficulties in family assessment
- members view problem differently
- assessment is static and families are dynamic
- no unified theory of family f(x)ing
- assess developed for research, not clinical practice –> may not be clinically relevant
why do family assessment?
to understand family, not to pathologies or stereotype
- offers a systematic method for making change
- provides baseline data
- measuring progress
- eval outcomes
- facilitate change
- provide info
- help clinicians avoid bias
Genograms
IS THE ANSWER TO ALL LIFE'S PROBLEMS non-standardized, non-quantitative -goal to increase understanding of family -holistic and integrated -informal -active involvement -modify to cultural needs -can serve as intervention
