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MORS 115 > Test II: Discolorations > Flashcards

Test II: Discolorations Flashcards

1
Q

A discoloration which appears on the human body during LIFE

A

Antemortem discolorations

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2
Q

A discoloration which makes its appearance on the human body only after the DEATH of the body

A

Postmortem discolorations

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3
Q

Discolorations resulting from changes in blood composition, content, or location

A

Blood discoloration

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4
Q

Discolorations that are easily removed by vascular and injection drainage

A

Intravascular blood discolorations

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5
Q

Stains that are not substantially reducable

A

Extravascular stains

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6
Q
  • Occurs during the agonal period which results in a bluish purple blood discoloration most noticeable in the elderly
  • Antemortem and Postmortem
  • Leads to livor mortis
A

Hypostasis

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7
Q

Livor mortis leads to…

A

Hemolysis

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8
Q
  • A cherry red blood discoloration on the body surface
  • Blood loses its ability to coagulate
  • If not embalmed soon after death, hypostasis will turn to hemolysis and cause staining
A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

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9
Q
  • Active and passive

- Occurs during the agonal period just prior to death

A

Capillary congestion

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10
Q

Occurs when the ARTERIAL supply to an area of the body is INCREASED

A

Active capillary congestion

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11
Q

Occurs when VENOUS drainage from an area is DECREASED

A

Passive capillary congestion

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12
Q
  • The most common postmortem intravascular blood discoloration
  • A reddish blue discoloration resulting from postmortem hypostasis
A

Livor mortis/postmortem lividity/cadaveric lividity

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13
Q
  1. Purpura
  2. Ecchymosis
  3. Petechia
  4. Hematoma
A

Antemortem extravascular blood stains

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14
Q
  • Bruise from trauma

- Extravasation of blood under the surface tissue

A

Ecchymosis/suggillation

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15
Q

Pinpoint bleeding

A

Petechia/hemorrhagic effusion

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16
Q
  • A blood filled swelling
  • A collection of blood in a tumor like mass
  • Blood blister
A

Hematoma

17
Q

-If the postmortem interval is long enough and the blood remains liquid, especially aided by refrigeration, the body will go from livor mortis to postmortem stain at a faster rate

A

Postmortem stain/laking

hemoglobin decomposition

18
Q

-Flush the vascular system of the discolored or discoloring blood by varying the type, strength and quantity of the injected chemical

A

General treatment of intravascular blood discoloration

19
Q
  • Type and strength should be such that the blood will not be further modified to set the discoloration
  • This is carried out by…
A

Anticoagulants and water conditioners

20
Q
  • Quantity should be such as would fill and flush all parts of the vascular system but would not cause rupturing of the vascular system to convert the intravascular discoloration to an extravascular type
  • This is accomplished by…
A

Slow flow and slow pressure

21
Q

-To assist in increasing the flow of injection chemicals to the region of the discoloration and to assist the flow of venous blood and drainage from the part, these mechanical aids may be used

A
  • Alternately raise and lower the part
  • Manual massage with proper skin lubrication
  • Always massage towards the heart (exception: fingertips)
22
Q

Sectional arterial injection and venous drainage may be used in a body part if the discoloration is….

A

Localized

23
Q
  • This may be used to ensure vascular filling of injection chemicals
  • The resulting distention of the vessels may aid in the removal of blood
A

Increased pressure and limited drainage

24
Q

Extravascular stains (antemortem and postmortem) require this to be removed

A

-Special treatment

25
Q

Incise directly or puncture and channel these areas to induce the direct outflow of the extravasated blood and accumulated serums

A

Swollen discolored areas

26
Q

Sectional or local hypodermic injections of chemicals designed to…. may be necessary to clear extravascular stains

A

Bleach and preserve the discolored areas

27
Q

The extravascular stain may be lessened in its intensity by applying….

A
  • Surface compresses saturated with a proper bleaching agent

- Colodian base chemicals (aka carbolic acid/phenol)

28
Q

Antemortem discolorations resulting from the administration of pharmaceuticals or chemotherapeutic agens

A

Discolorations caused by pharmaceutical agents

29
Q

Pharmaceutical agent that causes burns that will red discolorations

A

Radium

30
Q
  • Pharmaceutical agent that causes a distinct blue discoloration which will be converted into a green discoloration if the formaldehyde solution used to embalm the body is too strong
  • Will show in the sclera of the eye if present in the vascular system
A

Methylene blue

31
Q

Pharmaceutical agent that causes a brown discoloration

A

Atabrine

32
Q

Pharmaceutical agent that causes a yellow discoloration (NOT jaundice)

A

Sulfa

33
Q
  • Drugs that affect or damage the liver will result in this because of their toxicity
  • Usually occurs just prior to death
A

Jaundice

34
Q

Antemortem discolorations which occur during the course of certain diseases

A

Pathological discoloration

MORS 115 (3 decks)

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