test II Flashcards
august 1923
the crisis cause the German government to be replaced by a new chancellor GUSTAV STRESEMANN
Dawes plan (p. 242)
An Anglo-American commission came up with the plan
- the reparation payments were not modified
- US banks would give loans to Germany to help restore the economy
- reparations were lower in the beginning and rise to a maximum in 5 years
however everything depends on the USA if they have a crisis everything falls
november 1923
Germany replaced the devalued currency with the RENTENMARK (that replaced by Reichsmark in August 1924) 1 RH - 1 trillion Mark
some facts about Hitler
- his name was actually Hiedler
- when his mother died he went to Vienna for art school where he was rejected twice
- he worked as a casual laborer (painter)
- during his Vienna time he was inspired by the political atmosphere
- his history teacher inspired him
- he went to war, was wounded twice and temporarily blinded
- believed the stab in the back myth
- DAP changed by Hitler into NSDAP
- he was a good speaker and very convincing with efficient methods such as simple slogans
- he was anit-semitism, anti - bolchevism, nationalism, marxists (also against jews)
- changed as much as he could: designed banner and provided his movement in newspapers
- author of the 25 points programme
- created an aggressive “Stormabteilung”
- “Mein Kampf” had a big distribution and every couple was gifted one by the government
nationalist
government only considers Germans as citizens
policy that considers the German as superior to others
foreigners and jew will not be considered for governmental policies
socialist
demands for land reform, nationalisation of banks and industries, education for everyone
*every German
The programme of Nsdap is based on
“Mein Kampf” key elements of Hitler’s ideology
whole principle of inferior and superior racea (racism)
aristocratic principle of nature
- social Darwinism
- the strong races should dominate the weaker ones
- Germans should dominate the inferior races
aryan - indogermanic people
aryan
- based on prejudice Hitler wanted to appeal to everyone
- ideologie
- mass party created
- > blondes with blue eyes
antisemitism - anti jews (obsessional)
semites - actually meant to include jews and arabs
antisemitsm (obsessive)
- according to Hitler, Jews try to corrupt the German society
- their destruction is therefore necessary for the Aryan german race to survive
antislavism/anticommunism
Hitler considers the slavs as inferior and he intends to enslave them after having conquered their land
Lebensraum (living space)
- acquisitions of new territories
- idea of nation -> search of the unity between the land and the people (Volk)
- “living space” can only be conquered at the expense of the people living there, in this case Russia
- the concept justifies a policy of expansion -> war
- concept of “Blood and Soil”
- concept of a “Greater Germany”: reunification of all German speaking people living outside Germany (Austria, Sudeten, Germans, Luxembourgers…)
Saarland wasnt part of Germ. in 1932
p. 94, 95
concept of “Blood and Soil”
Blood and soil (German: Blut und Boden) is a nationalist slogan expressing Nazi Germany’s ideal of a racially defined national body (“Blood”) united with a settlement area (“Soil”).
Hitler: racist, militarist, expansionist
consequences of the economic crisis
- mass unemployment
- poverty
- in the worst affected countries, Poland, Austria and Germany the industrial output fell by 40%
- -> 30% - 40% of the work force were unemployed
- 6 million unemployed
(John Jacob Raskorb)
WS 6 BOOK 152,155
Herbert Hoover (1928 - 1932)
After the failed putsch of 1923
Hitler damaged tactics to take power. He still wanted to dismantle the Weimar Republic but he now wanted to use the constitution and get elected to achieve his goal.
