Test I Flashcards
What is a particular tool, systematic observation or instrument that is used to collect data about the patient during the evaluation process?
Assessment
What is the process of reviewing data, observing a client and using screening tools to identify the individual’s potential to benefit from further assessment?
Screening
What encompasses obtaining, interpreting and synthesizing data to understand the patient, the situation or system factors that may or may not influence the therapeutic intervention?
Evaluation
when does discharge planning begin in acute care?
At the time of the initial evaluation.
Chart review, interview and occupational profile, specific evaluation measures, interpretations and findings and recommendations for treatment are all part of the ______ process.
Evaluation
What type of performance is the OT’s primary focus on in acute care?
Cognitive and physiological performance
What is the ultimate goal of acute care?
To move the patient home or to another setting as soon as the patient becomes stable.
What is the typical expected time frame for OT evaluations after they are ordered by a physician?
Same day or within 24 hours of referral.
How long is a typical acute care eval?
30 minutes
What are the benefits of co-evals and co-treats?
They reduce the need to compete for time and reduce the client fatigue since they don’t have to perform the same tasks multiple times or answer questions twice.
During what process do OTs typically gain most of their information about their acute care patient?
During the patient interview and task oriented assessment
What is the most limiting factor in the acute care setting?
time
What is a POC?
the medical plan of care
What are the two key measures of homeostasis?
lab results and vital signs
List some of the most common lab tests conducted for patients in acute care.
Blood cell counts, arterial blood gasses, pH, basic metabolic panel, coagulation panels, d-dimer, urinalysis
At what O2 sat can the OT typically remove a patient’s oxygen during treatment?
95% or above
What’s an important test for determining the need for at home O2?
6 minute walk test
What is unique about the way cardiopulmonary patients often breathe?
Using accessory muscles, such as the scalene muscles over the diaphragm.
For emphysema patients, what’s the most difficult position for breathing?
Supine
What should an OT do if their client’s cognition seems impaired?
Follow up with a subtest from a standardized assessment.
What kind of body structure/function is a patient’s temperament?
Global function (specific mental functions include memory, hearing, vision etc.)
What is a simple way to check a patient’s proprioception?
Flex or extend a patient’s finger and while it is out of their view, ask them to identify if the digit is bent or straight.
What’s the best way to check a new patient’s vestibular function?
Offer a balance challenge to a patient sitting on the edge of the bed.
If a patient has a dysfunctional body structure, what is the OT’s role in helping the patient with that structure?
Teaching the patient to compensate for difficulties with that body structure.
List the common classes of performance patterns
roles, habits, rituals, patterns
What is the difference between hypoxemia and hypoxia?
Hypoxemia is insufficient oxygenation in the arterial blood (not getting enough into circulation) while hypoxia is the inadequate oxygen in the body tissues (not absorbing enough from blood)
WHAT IS NORMAL HEART RATE?
60-100
WHAT IS NORMAL SYSTOLIC PRESSURE?
DIASTOLIC?
systolic 90-120
diastolic 60-80
What is hypotension?
< 90 systolic
WHAT IS WNL FOR O2 SAT?
96-100%
WHAT IS WNL FOR RESP?
12-20
What is the function of a bipap?
Provides positive inspiratory pressure to decrease the work of breathing.
What is the major purpose of endotracheal tubes?
Used to provide an airway
In what case would nasal-tracheal intubation be used?
In the case if jaw, neck, mouth or facial trauma.
Where is a tracheostomy inserted?
Into the anterior trachea below the vocal cords.
What is the most common reason for tracheostomy placement?
For extended vent weaning.
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF A CENTRAL LINE?
Provides long term vascular access for administering drugs or fluids or taking blood samples. (Placed in the subclavian, jugular, basilic or femoral vein)
Where does a Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheter typically terminate?
Terminates in the superior vena cava via basilic or cephalon veins.
What are special precautions for patients with temporary pacemakers?
Avoid raising arms and anything that could pull on pacemaker leads.
WHAT IS A TYPICAL REQUIREMENT FOR ALL FOUR RAILS TO BE RAISED?
Physician’s order
What are the SAFE guidelines for optimal care?
Sharpen observation skills, Acquire necessary handling skills, Follow medical guidelines, Enhance the environment.
What are the six elements of the continuum of acute care?
Review medical information, observe the patient and environment, initiate patient contact, assess body functions and structures, assess functional activities, intervention.
What are possible benefits of bedrest?
Reducing O2 needs, decreasing pain levels, providing needed rest
What is the rate of decreased muscle strength for a person on bedrest?
1-3% per day!