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Synthetic Routes > Test for Ions > Flashcards

Test for Ions Flashcards

1
Q

Magnesium Mg2+

A

NaOH Dropwise= Slight White precipitate
NaOH Excess= White precipitate
Dilute H2SO4 Dropwise= Slight white precipitate
Dilute H2SO4 Excess=Colourless solution

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2
Q

Calcium Ca2+

A

Flame Test=Brick-Red Flame
NaOH Dropwise/NaOH excess/ Dilute H2SO4 Dropwise/Dilute H2SO4 Excess= ALL
Slight White Precipitate

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3
Q

Strontium Sr2+

A 
Flame Test=Red flame
NaOH Dropwise=Slight White Precipitate
NaOH excess=Slight White Precipitate
Dilute H2SO4 Dropwise=White Precipitate 
Dilute H2SO4 excess=White Precipitate
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4
Q

Barium Ba2+

A

Flame Test= pale green
NaOH Dropwise and excess= No Change
Dilute H2SO4 Dropwise= White precipitate
Dilute H2SO4 excess=White precipitate

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5
Q

Ammonium NH4+

A

Reagent: 1-NaOH
2-gently heat
3- hold damp red litmus over
Observation: 1-Production of ammonia gas
2-litmus turns blue

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6
Q

Sulfate SO4 2-

A

Reagent: 1-dilute HCl, 2- BaCl2
Observation: Insoluble White precipitate (BaSO4)

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7
Q

Hydroxide OH-

A

1-Reagent:Red litmus Paper
Observation:Goes blue
2-pH Metre

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8
Q

Carbonate CO3 2-

A

Reagent 1- dilute HCL
Observation: 1-effervescence
2-limewater goes milky white cloudy

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9
Q

Chloride (aq)

A

Reagent: 1-Dilute HNO3 2-silver nitrate solution
Observation: White Precipitate
Dissolves in dilute NH3

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10
Q

Bromide (aq)

A

Reagent: 1-Dilute HNO3, 2- Silver Nitrate Solution =
Observation: Cream precipitate
Dissolves in conc NH3

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11
Q

Iodide (aq)

A

Reagent: 1-Dilute HNO3, 2-Silver nitrate solution Observation: Yellow precipitate
Insoluble in conc NH3

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12
Q

Na2O

A

Air

Water

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13
Q

MgO

A

Air

Water

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14
Q

Al2O3

A

Air

Water

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15
Q

SiO2

A

Air

Water

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16
Q

P4O10

A

Air

Water

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17
Q

SO2

A

Air

Water

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18
Q

Primary Alcohol

A

-

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19
Q

Secondary Alcohol

A

-

20
Q

Tertiary Alcohol

A

-

21
Q

Aldehyde

A 
Reagent: Fehling's solution 
Observation: Blue solution to Brick Red precipitate
Or
Reagent: Tollen’s reagent 
Observation: Silver mirror formed
22
Q

Ketone

A 
Reagent: Fehling's solution 
Observation: stays blue no change 
Or
Reagent: Tollen’s reagent 
Observation: no change
23
Q

Alkane

A 
Reagent: Bromine water 
Observation: stays orange
Or 
Reagent: acidified KMnO4
Observation:stays purple
24
Q

Alkene

A 
Reagents: Bromine water
Observation: orange to Colourless 
Or
Reagent: acidified KMnO4
Observation: colourless
25
Q

Carboxylic Acid

A

Reagent: Na2SO4
Observation: Effervescence + CO2
Reagent: Mg
Observation: effervescence + H2gas

26
Q

Ester

A

Na2SO4=No change

Mg= No change

27
Q

Primary Amine

A

-

28
Q

Secondary Amine

A

-

29
Q

Tertiary Amine

A

-

30
Q

Copper Cu2+

A

-

31
Q

Iron Fe2+

A

-

32
Q

Aluminium Al3+

A

-

33
Q

Iron Fe3+

A

-

34
Q

Halogenoalkane test

A

-

35
Q

acid anhydride

A

-

36
Q

Acyl Chloride

A

Reagents: 1-dilute nitric acid
2-Silver nitrate solution
Observation: 1- Steamy Fumes of HCl
2- White precipitate (AgCl)

37
Q

Chloride solid

A

Reagent: 1-conc H2SO4
2-damp blue litmus paper
Observation: 1-effervescence,
2-litmus paper goes red
3- As HCl produced

38
Q

Bromide Solid

A

Reagent: 1-conc H2SO4
2-filter paper dipped in acidified K2Cr2O7
Observation: 1- effervescence
2-brown gas produced
3-red brown solution

39
Q

Iodide Solid

A

Reagent:1- conc H2SO4
2-filter paper dipped in lead nitrate solution

Observation: 1-Brown gas produced (Br2)
2-Solution turns red/brown
3-Paper turns black

40
Q

NaF

A

Reagent: H2SO4
Observation: 1- HF=Steamy white fumes
2- Na2SO4= white solid

41
Q

NaCl

A

Reagent: H2SO4
Observation: 1-HCl=Steamy White fumes
2-Na2SO4= White solid

42
Q

NaBr

A

Reagent: H2SO4
Observation: 1- HBr= Steamy white fumes
2- Br2= orange fumes
3-SO2= Choking fumes/Colourless acidic
4-Na2SO4= White solid

43
Q

NaI

A

Reagent: H2SO4
Observation: 1-HI= steamy white fumes
2-Na2SO4= White solid
3-H2S= Bad egg smell
4- SO2= Choking fumes/colourless acidic
5-S= Yellow solid

44
Q

Silver nitrate

A

Reagent: HBr
Observation: Cream precipitate

45
Q

Halogenoalkane

A

Reagent: 1-NaOH (nucleophilic Sub) Removes halide ion
2-acidified (dil HNO3) AgNO3
Observation: White/Cream/Yellow precipitate

Synthetic Routes (5 decks)

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