Test for cations and anions Flashcards
Cation
An ion with a positive charge
Anion
An ion with a negative charge
Carbonate (CO3 2-)
Add dilute acid
Effervescence, CO2 emitted
Chloride (Cl-) (halogen)
Acidify with dilute nitric acid
And add aqueous silver nitrate
White ppt
Bromide (Br-) (halogen)
Acidify with dilute nitric acid
And add aqueous silver nitrate
Cream ppt
Iodide (I-)
Acidify with dilute nitric acid
And add aqueous silver nitrate
Yellow ppt
Nitrate (NO3 -)
Add sodium hydroxide, then Aluminium foil, warm carefully
Ammonia produced
Sulfate (SO4 2-)
Add barium nitrate
Sulfur dioxide produced turns
Potassium manganate from purple to colorless
Aluminium (Al 3+) (sodium hysdroxide)
White ppt, soluble in excess
Ammonium (NH4 +) (sodium hysdroxide)
Ammonia produced on warming
Calcium (Ca 2+) (sodium hysdroxide)
White ppt, insoluble in excess
Chromium (III) (Cr 3+) (sodium hysdroxide)
Green ppt, insoluble in excess
Copper (II) (Cu 2+) (sodium hysdroxide)
Light Blut ppt, insoluble in excess
Iron (II) (Fe 2+) (sodium hysdroxide)
Green ppt, insoluble in excess
iron (III) (Fe 3+) (sodium hysdroxide)
red - brown ppt, insoluble in excess
zinc (Zn 2+) (sodium hysdroxide)
white ppt, soluble in excess
ammonia (NH3)
litmus paper from red to blue
carbon dioxide (CO2)
turns limewater milky
chlorine (Cl2)
bleaches litmus paper
hydrogen (H2)
pops with lighted splint
oxygen (O2)
relights a glowing splint
sulfur dioxide (SO2)
turns potassium manganate from purple to colourless
lithium flame
red flame
sodium flame
yellow
potassium flame
lilac
Copper flame
blue - green
