test dor ions.

Question 1

what is the test for carbonate ions?

Answer 1

• see if it contains carbonate ions (CO3^2-) by adding acid .
• acids react with carbonates to form a salt, water and carbon dioxide .

= acid + carbonate —> salt + water + carbon dioxide

• then test for CO2 by bubbling through limewater to see if turns cloudy

Question 2

what is the test for sulfate ions ?

Answer 2

• (SO4^2-) in solution , adding barium chloride (BaCl2)
• sulfate ions displace chloride ions forming insoluble salt barium sulfate.
• barium sulfate is white precipitate = positive result be white solid

Question 3

what is the test for ammonium ions?

Answer 3

• (NH^4+), adding sodium hydroxide
• ammonium ions react with hydroxide ions to form ammonia gas + water
  —> then place piece of damp red litmus paper at open end of test tube.
• ammonia gas reacts with water to form alkali —> turns red litmus paper blue