Test - Circulatory System Flashcards
- The purpose of the serous fluid in the pericardial cavity is…
to decrease friction between the layers of the heart as it contracts
- What causes blood pressure?
the force with which the ventricles contract
- The purpose of the serous fluid in the pericardial cavity is..
to decrease friction between the layers of the heart as it contracts
- Which of the following is true for both cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues?
can spontaneously depolarize without input from the nervous system (p.3)
- How many types of circulation does the human circulatory system contain?
two (p.5)
- If your blood type is O- that means
you have no agglutinogens on your red blood cells (p.2)
- Women who are at or below childbearing age:
should only receive blood that has the same Rh factor as they have (p.3)
- What type of tissue in the heart pumps blood throughout the body?
muscle tissue (p.1)
- at what point will you have the highest blood pressure?
when you’re watching a scary movie (p.2)
- When the left ventricles contract, blood is pumped
out to the aorta(p.3)
- Describe three factors that cause the resistance of blood through the vessels. Explain which has the greatest impact & why.
Blood’s viscosity (thicker then blood, the greater the resistance), the length of a blood vessel (longer makes more resistance), and the diameter (smaller makes more resistance) of a blood vessel. The diameter of a blood vessel has the greatest impact because the viscosity of blood & the length of a blood vessel remain relatively constant, whereas the diameter of a blood vessel can change if the vessel contracts or blocked in some way (like a build-up of cholesterol) (p.5)
- Explain how the unique shape of erythrocytes enables them to best carry out their function.
They are flat to maximize gas exchange and have more surface area. (p.9)
- Explain the function of the myocardium and why it is necessary for it to be thicker in one of the ventricles than the other. In your answer, be sure to clearly state which ventricle it is thicker in.
The myocardium is the layer of the heart wall contracts. It is thicker in the left ventricle than the right because the left ventricle is pumping blood ou to the systemic circuit which requires more force than the pulmonary circuit. (p.7)
- Describe the pathway that blood will travel through each part of the heart. Start with where oxygen-poor blood enters the heart and end with where oxygen-rich blood leaves the heart to head out to tissues in the body.
Oxygen-poor blood enters the heart through the superior & inferior vena cavas. it goes through the right atrium and then the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. It passes through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary trunk and out to the lungs to be oxygenated. It returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins and enters the left atrium. it goes through the mitral valve into the left ventricle and then is pumped through the aortic valve and out the aorta to the rest of the body. (p.6)
