Test bank chapter 1 Flashcards
Which one of the following statements about the role of sonographers is false?
A. Sonographers must perform ultrasound studies and gather diagnostic data independent of the physician.
B. Sonographers must possess intellectual curiosity and perseverance.
C. Sonographers must have technical aptitude.
D. Sonographers must be able to communicate on different levels.
A. Sonographers must perform ultrasound studies and gather diagnostic data independent of the physician.
They also must assess clinical history and symptoms, interpret laboratory values, and understand other diagnostic examinations.
In soft tissues, the assumed propagation velocity (speed) is (in meters per second) A. 1320 B. 1450 C. 1540 D. 1650
C. 1540
Diagnostic ultrasound uses the frequencies of: A. 10 to 15 kHz B. 1 to 20 kHz C. 100 to 1000Hz D. 1 to20 MHz
D. 1 to20 MHz
Diagnostic application of ultrasound uses frequencies 1 to 20 million cycles per second (1 to 20MHz)
Which one of the following correctly defines dynamic range?
A. Field farthest from the transducer during formation of the sound beam
B. Ratio of the largest signals that an instrument can respond
to without distortion
C.Minimum distance between two structures positioned along the axis of the sound beam
D. Measure of the strength of the ultrasignal
B. Ratio of the largest signals that an instrument can respond
to without distortion
Dynamic range is the ratio of the largest to the smallest signals that an instrument or component of an instrument can respond to with out distortion
The device that converts energy from one form to another is called the: A. Digitzer B. Transducer C. Scan converter D. Beam former
B. Transducer Piezoelectric elements (transducers) convert electric energy into ultrasound energy and vice versa
The \_\_\_\_\_ is the product of the velocity of sound in a medium and the density of that medium. A. Acoustic impedance B. Sound reflection C. Angle of reflection D. Piezoelectric effect
A. Acoustic impedance is equal to the density multiplied by the sound propagation speed
The angle of reflection is equal to the: A. Acoustic impedance B. Angle of incidence C. Refraction D. Image resolution
B. Angle of incidence
Angle of reflection is the angle between the reflected sound direction and a line perpendicular to the media boundary
The best transducer to image the thyroid gland is : A.Curved array, 3MHz B.Linear array, 5MHz C.Sector array,4 MHz D.Linear, 3 MHz
B.Linear array, 5MHz
High-frequency linear array transducers are generally used for smaller structures
The display mode that show time along the horizontal axis and depth along the vertical axis is A. a mode B. B mode C. M mode D. Real time
C. M mode Motion mode (M mode) displays the depth along the vertical axis versus the time along the horizontal axis
Which one of the following statements about Doppler principle is false?
A. Doppler refers to a change in frequency in which the motion of laminar flow is detected within a vascular structure
B.The beam should be perpendicular to the flow.
C. The Doppler shift is directly proportional to the velocity of the red cell.
D. If the cell moves away from the transducer, then the fall in frequency is directly proportional to the velocity and direction of the red blood cell movement.
B.The beam should be perpendicular to the flow to obtain maximum velocity. The frequency of the Doppler shift is proportional to the cosine of the Doppler angle. At a 90 degree angle (perpendicular to flow), the Doppler shift is zero, regardless of the flow velocity
The Fresnel zone is also called the: A. Far field B. Focal point C. Near zone D. Nyquist limit
C. Near zone
Is the closest to the transducer during the formation of the sound beam
The higher the transducer frequency, the : A. Shorter the wavelength B. Faster the frame rate C. Deeper the penetration depth D. Slower the frame rate
A. Shorter the wavelength
The higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength.
Visualization of the cardiac structures in the heart was discovered by: A. Joseph Holmes B. Ian Donald C. Hertz and Elder D. George Ludwig
C. Hertz and Elder
In 1954, echocardiographic techniques were developed in Sweden by Drs. C.H. Hertz and I. Elder.
Historically, the development of ultrasound began shortly after A. Radio communication in World War 1 B. Sonar in World War 2 C. Nuclear testing in World War 2 D. The launching of Sputnik
B. Sonar in World War 2
World War 2 brought sonar equipment to the forefront for the defense purposes. Ultrasound was influenced by the success of sonar equipment
The early applications of obstetric ultrasound were initiated by: A. Joseph Holmes B. Ian Donald C. John Howry D. William Fry
B. Ian Donald
Early obstetric compound scanner was built by Tom Brown and Dr. Ian Donald in Scotland in 1957
If the reflector is moving toward the transducer, the frequency of the echo will be \_\_\_ than the transmitted frequency. A Higher B. Lower C.Stationary D Turbulent
A higher
Difference between transmitted and received frequency called A Spectral broadening B Spectral analysis C Doppler frequency D Doppler angle
Doppler frequency
Which Doppler transducer uses two piezoelectric elements? A.Continuous wave B. Linear wave C.dynamic wave D. Pulsed wave
A. Continuous wave
Determines the strength of the pulse transmitted into the body. A. focal zone B. gain C. Power output D. Time gain compensation
C power output
The reduction in intensity and amplitude of a sound wave as it travels through a medium A. attenuation B. Slice thickness C. Resolution D. impedance
A attenuation
If the Doppler angle of the beam to the reflector exceeds 60 degrees,
A. the Doppler shift is zero
B. Velocities will not longer be accurate
C.Doppler frequency shift decreases
D.Doppler frequency shift increase
B. Velocities will not longer be accurate
The ability of the system to depict motion accurately A. Lateral resolution B. Temporal resolution C. Spatial resolution D. Axial resolution
B. Temporal resolution
When the Nyquist sampling limit is exceeded a phenomenon known as \_\_\_ occurs A Ghosting B Flow velocity C aliasing D flash artifact
C aliasing
\_\_\_ occurs when the pulse encounters an interface between tissue with different acoustic impedance A. absorption B. Propagation C. Reflection D. Impedance
C. Reflection
\_\_\_\_ mode is the basic for all real time image in ultrasound A. a B. M C. TM D. B
D. B mode
Laminar flow is a normal pattern of vessel flow occurring at different velocities. Flow in the center of the vessel is faster than at its edge.
True
False
True
