Test Articles 1-9 Flashcards
1
Q
Justice
A
- The cardinal virtue concerned with the rights and duties within relationships
- The commitment, as well as the actions and attitudes that flow from the commitment, to ensure that all persons- particularly people who are poor and oppressed- receive what is due to them
2
Q
Commutative Justice
A
- This type of justice calls for fairness in agreements and contracts between individuals
- Equal exchange of goods, money, or services
3
Q
Legal Justice
A
-The social responsibilities that citizens owe their country and society
4
Q
Distributive Justice
A
-The responsibility that society has for safeguarding essential human rights and ensuring the just distribution of the earth’s resources , with special regard for those people whose basic needs are going unmet
5
Q
Social Justice
A
- The defense of human dignity by ensuring that essential humans needs are met and that essential human rights are protected for all people
- Examples:
- Sexism (women aren’t payed equal to men)
- Racism (Leads to economic gaps & people of different races not being treated equally)
- Homelessness (people’s needs are not being met physically–> not living a dignified life)
6
Q
Social Encyclical
A
- A teaching letter from the Pope to the members of the Church on topics of social justice, human rights, and peace
- A pastoral letter is the same thing but written by a bishop
7
Q
Subsidiarity
A
- The moral principle that large organizations and governments should not take over responsibilities and decisions that can be carried out by individuals and local organizations
- Large corporations and governments have the responsibility to support the good of human beings, families, and local communities, which is at the center and purpose of social life
- Example: systems of government have hierarchy (president, governors, mayors)
8
Q
New Law
A
- Divine Law revealed in the New Testament through the life and teaching of Jesus Christ and through the witness and teaching of the Apostles
- Perfects the Old Law and brings it to fulfillment
- Also called the Law of Love
9
Q
Old Law
A
- Divine Law revealed in the Old Testament, summarized in the Ten Commandments
- Also called the Law of Moses
- Succeeded by the New Law in the Gospels
10
Q
Common Good
A
- The good that is collectively shared by a umber of people and that is beneficial for all members of a given community
- Social conditions allow for all citizens of the earth, individuals and families, to meet basic needs and achieve fulfillment promote the common good
11
Q
Rerum Novarum
A
- Written in light of the poor working conditions in factories in the late 1800s
- Combat the poor working conditions for the vulnerable workers of the time
- In response to the industrial revolution
- Pope Leo XIII (the 8th)
- Significant because it help set up the working conditions of factories in the USA today
12
Q
Racism
A
-Treating people of a different race without the full respect their equal dignity requires
13
Q
Apartheid
A
- a system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced through legislation by the National Party
- Whites lived in the city, and then different shades of skin were separated into townships, which get progressively worse the darker you are
- How does this relate to USA history? How different?
14
Q
Three Major Social Justice Teachings found in the New Testament
A
- Human Dignity
- Money and Material Possessions
- Concern for Poor and Vulnerable
15
Q
Human Dignity
A
- Jesus asks us to see other human beings from his divine perspective (Beatitudes)
- We must see the image of God in every human person
- Must love all people as best we can, no exceptions
